Англ практич -2. Кафедра департамент центр1 Английский язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации 2
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М  ИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИфедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Тольяттинский государственный университет» Тольяттинский государственный университет (наименование института полностью) Кафедра /департамент /центр1 __Английский язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации 2(наименование кафедры/департамента/центра полностью) История 46.03.01 (код и наименование направления подготовки, специальности) Историко-культурный туризм (направленность (профиль) / специализация) Практическое задание №__2_ по учебному курсу «___Английский язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации 2»(наименование учебного курса) Вариант ____ (при наличии)
Тольятти 2022_ UNIT 6 RESOURCE SAVING Assignment 1 Everybody knows that there are such natural resources as minerals, energy, land, water and biota. Take a look at the following pictures displaying natural resources (A-E) and match them with the names. A_energy B__land C__biota    D_minerals E_water   Assignment 2 Scan the article and find answers for the questions. How many Earth’s resources do people consume nowadays? What are they? Humans appropriate 24 per cent of the Earth's production capacity. By comparing carbon consumption through human activity with the amount of carbon consumed overall, Haberl's team found that humans use some 15.6 trillion kilograms of carbon annually. Half was soaked up by growing crops. Another 7 per cent went up in smoke as fires lit by humans, and the rest was used up in a variety of other ways "Things could get even worse if we grow more plants like palm oil and rapeseed for biofuels to ease our reliance on fossil fuels" related to industrialisation, such as transport What is the result of this consumption? The result is a gradual depletion of species and habitats as we take more of their resources for ourselves. 3. What are the most reasonable ways of solving the problem of ravening resources? Haberl says that the Earth can just about cope if we meet future needs by producing food more efficiently. This could be done by intensifying agriculture on roughly the same amount of land as we use now. Earth suffers as we gobble up resources ALMOST one-quarter of nature's resources are being gobbled up by a single species, and it's not difficult to guess which one. Based on figures for the year 2000, the most recent available, humans appropriate 24 per cent of the Earth's production capacity that would otherwise have gone to nature. The result is a gradual depletion of species and habitats as we take more of their resources for ourselves. Things could get even worse if we grow more plants like palm oil and rapeseed for biofuels to ease our reliance on fossil fuels. That is the message from a team led by Helmut Haberl of Klagenfurt University in Vienna, Austria. Haberl and colleagues analysed UN Food and Agriculture Organization data on agricultural land use in 161 countries covering 97,4 per cent of farmland. By comparing carbon consumption through human activity with the amount of carbon consumed overall, Haberl's team found that humans use some 15.6 trillion kilograms of carbon annually. Half was soaked up by growing crops. Another 7 per cent went up in smoke as fires lit by humans, and the rest was used up in a variety of other ways "Things could get even worse if we grow more plants like palm oil and rapeseed for biofuels to ease our reliance on fossil fuels" related to industrialisation, such as transport [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]. Haberl says that the Earth can just about cope if we meet future needs by producing food more efficiently. This could be done by intensifying agriculture on roughly the same amount of land as we use now. But we're asking for trouble, he says, if we expand production of biofuels, as the only fertile land available is tropical rainforests. "If we want full-scale replacement of fossil fuels by biofuels, this would have dramatic implications for ecosystems," says Haberl. He warns that some projections foresee four or fivefold increases in biofuel production. "This would at least double the overall amount of biomass harvested, which is about 30 per cent above ground at present, but would increase to 40 or 50 per cent to meet these biofuel targets," he says. This would mean clearing what remains of the world's rainforests in countries such as Brazil and Argentina. As well as wiping out thousands of species, this would have devastating effects on the climate, he says. Unlike farmland, forests help to seed rainfall because they have high evaporation rates. "The less evaporation there is, the less rainfall there is and the whole system dries up," he says. Andy Coghlan 7 July 2007/NewScientist/15 Assignment 3 Fill in the gaps with the words from the list below. Use the words only once. Make up your own sentences with these phrases. oil, replacement, figures, production, fuels, depletion, devastating, reliance, implications, fires, tropical, targets 1) based on figures 2) gradual depletion of species and habitats 3) palm oil 4) to ease reliance on 5) fossil fuels 6) fires lit by humans 7) to expand production of biofuels 8) tropical rainforests 9) full-scale replacement 10) dramatic implications for ecosystems 11) to meet the biofuel targets 12) devastating effects on the climate Fires lit by people are dangerous for nature. Palm oil is harmful for consumption. Assignment 4 Choose the words from the box and fill in the gaps. valuable, petroleum extraction, renewable, coal, tax on consumption, raw materials, natural,forestry, fossil fuels, natural gas Natural resources (economically referred to as land or raw materials) are naturally forming substances that are considered valuable in their relatively unmodified natural form. Thus, mining, petroleum extraction, fishing, hunting, and forestry are generally considered natural- resource industries. Natural resources are mostly classified into renewable and non-renewable resources. Sometimes resources are classified as non-renewable even if they are technically renewable, just not easily renewed within a reasonable amount of time, such as fossil fuels. Some non-renewable resources can be renewable but take an extremely long time to renew. Fossil fuels, for example, take millions of years to form and so are not practically considered 'renewable'. Different non-renewable resources like oil, coal, natural gas etc. have different levels of demand from different sectors like transportation and residences with each resource specializing for each sector. Many environmentalists propose a tax on consumption of non renewable resources. Non-renewable resources cannot be replaced or can only be replaced over thousands or millions of years. Assignment 5 Use the words given in capitals to fulfill the spaces.
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