Когнитивная психотерапия расстройств личности. Природа отношений пациента с психотерапевтом реконструкция
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Более строго, «схемы» — это когнитивные структуры, которые организуют опыт и поведение; «убеждения» и «правила» отражают содержание схем и, как следствие этого, определяют содержание мышления, эмоций и поведения. Явления типа автоматических мыслей рассматриваются как продукт схемы (Beck et al., 1979). 2 В этой книге мы придерживаемся пересмотренного третьего издания «Руководства по диагностике и статистической классификации психических расстройств» (American Psychiatric Association, 1987). Обычные синдромы, такие как большое депрессивное расстройство или общая тревога, проявляющиеся в наборах выраженных субъективных симптомов, классифицируются как заболевания Оси I, а расстройства личности — как заболевания Оси II. 3 Как было отмечено в главе 2, пограничное и шизотипическое расстройства не включены в нашу дифференциацию стратегий, потому что эти два расстройства не отличаются определенным содержанием мышления. 4 Доктор Ютака Оно (личный контакт, 1988) независимо от нас также пришла к подобному выводу. 5 Для детального обсуждения используемого подхода к регуляции стресса см.: Pretzer, Beck, & Newman (в печати). 6 Следует обратить внимание на то, что ранее в тексте речь шла о швейцарском психиатре Манфреде Блейлере, а ссылка дается на работу его отца, Эйгена Блейлера. — Примеч. перев. 7 В DSM-IVV-кодами обозначены следующие диагнозы: несогласие с лечением (V15.81); физическое/сексуальное насилие по отношению ко взрослым (V61.1); проблемы в отношениях между родителями и детьми (V61.20); физическое/сексуальное насилие по отношению к детям (V61.21); проблемы в отношениях между сиблингами (V61.8); проблемы, связанные с психическим заболеванием или общим состоянием здоровья (V61.9); проблемы на работе (V62.2); проблемы в учебе (V62.3); проблемы культурной адаптации (V62.4); проблемы в отношениях с людьми (V62.81); тяжелая утрата (V62.82); пограничная интеллектуальная деятельность, проблемы, связанные с возрастными периодами, религиозные или духовные проблемы (V62.89); симуляция (V65.2); антисоциальное поведение у взрослых (V71.01); антисоциальное поведение у детей и подростков (V71.02); отсутствие диагнозов Оси I и Оси II (V71.09). — Примеч. перев. 8 Пограничное расстройство личности не включено в этот список, поскольку мы рассматриваем его как менее определенное по содержанию, чем другие расстройства. |