АНГЛЗАЧЕТ. Reveal striated поперечнополосатый
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the synonym for the verb Detect is - REVEAL STRIATED – ПОПЕРЕЧНО-ПОЛОСАТЫЙ ANOTHER NAME FOR SKELETAL MUSCLES IS – STRIATED The VASCULAR PATOLOGIC DISORDER ITSELF___VARIABLE – HAS BEEN THE SMALL AND LARGE WHEN WE MEAN INTESTINES REFER TO THE – WIDTH THE WALL OF THE PHARYNX AND THE SUPERIOR PART OF THE ESOPHAGUS CONTAIN – STRIATED MUSCLE TISSUE BLOOD VESSELS THAT RECEIVE BLOOD FROM THE VENTRICLE AND LEAD IT AWAY FROM THE HEART ARE – ARTERIES MUSCLES HAVE BOTH MOTOR AND___NERVE FIBRES – SENSORY PLURAL FOR BRONCHUS IS – BRONCHI A ONE-WAY VALVE IS CALLED THE – TRICUSPID VALVE THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD NOURISHMENT IS - ПИТАНИЕ AIR IS BREATHED THROUGH EITHER THE MOUTH OR NOSE INTO THE ORAL CAVITY OR – PHARYNX THE DIAPHRAGM DIVIDES THE VENTRAL CHAMBERS INTO TWO CAVITIES – THE THORAX AND THE – ABDOMEN IT IS CAPARABLE OF CONTROLING SUCH ACTS AS SWALLOWING AND YAWNING – MEDULLA THE ADJECTIVE FROM TO INFECT IS – INFECTIOUS THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY IS BOUNDED BELOW BY – TWO PELVIC BONES THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD AILMENT IS – ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЕ THE SUNONYM OF THE WORD ATRIUM IS - AURICLE He is especially INTERESTED__SURGERY - IN ANOTHER NAME FOR VISCERAL MUSCLES IS – SMOOTH SIGHT, HEARING, EQUILIBRIUM, TASTE AND SMELL ARE – SPECIAL SENSES THE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT FOR ЗАЖИВЛЕНИЕ – HEALING THE EXCHANGE OF GASES – RESPIRATION THE SUNONYM OF THE WORD EXTREMITY IS – LIMB THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY IS BOUNDED ABOVE BY THE – THORAX THE DORSAL CHAMBER OPENS INTO THE – SPINAL CANAL FUNCTION OF LEUCOCYTES – PROTECTION AGAINST INFECTIONS HOW ARE NUTRIENTS SUPPLIED TO THE BODY IS A – SPECIAL QUESTION TO OBTAIN AN ACADEMIC DEGREE – ПОЛУЧИТЬ УЧЕНУЮ СТЕПЕНЬ THE DOCTOR IS BUSY NOW HE___THE PATIENT – IS TREATING GASTRIC AND DUODENAL ULCER LOOK___AND CAUSE SIMILAR DISTRESS – ALIKE THE VENOUS SYSTEM STARTS WITH THE VENULES INTO WHICH THE CAPILLARIES – EMTY ЛИШНЕЕ СЛОВО WOULD YOU KINDLY TELL US WHAT FACULTIES DOES YOUR DOCTORS HAVE FOR SPECIALIZATION – DOES THEY PERFORM THE___OF NURSES – DUTIES THE SUNONYM OF THE WORD CLAVICLE IS – COLLAR-BONE CARDIAC MUSCLE HAVE THE STRENGHT AND FORCE OF CONTRACTING OF THE – SKELETAL MUSCLES WATER IS___THROUGHOUT THE LENGTH OF THE SMALL INTESTINE – ABSORBED WHITE BLOOD CELLS ARE – LEUCOCYTES SHOCK IS ALWAUS PRESENT IN SOME DEGREE__ANY FRACTURE – WITH DUODENAL ULCERS IS FOUR TIMES__COMMON__GASTRIC ULCER – AS,AS THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD IMPURITY IS – ПРИМЕСЬ THE SUNONYM OF THE WORD MANDIBLE - LOWER JAW THE CAPILLARIES AND VENULES OF THE LUNGS INTO THE – PULMONARY VEIN A TWO-WAY VALVE IS CALLED THE – MITRAL VALVE THE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT FOR СТОЧНЫЕ ВОДЫ IS – SEWAGE WATERS Полное среднее образование – COMPLETE SECONDARY EDUCATION THE SUNONYM OF THE WORD ORDINARY – COMMON THE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT FOR ПОВРЕЖДАТЬ – DAMAGE THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD POLLUTION – ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ THE SUNONYM FOR THE VERB EXCITE IS – STIMULATE Examinations__at the END OF EACH TERM - are held The subjects of biology AND CHEMISTRY SHOULD BE TAKEN__THE ADVANCED LEVEL - AT Before finals in surgery STUDENTS ASSIST__OPERATIONS – IN RESIDENCY TRAINS HIGHLY QUALIFIED SPECIALIST IN A_FIELD OF MEDICINE - DEFINITE Бесплатный – FREE OF CHARGE Teaching hospitals have__in-patient AND OUT-PATIENT DEPARTMENTS - BOTH Student must_lectures - ATTEND Student follow__their PATIENTS AND ATTEND WARD ROUNDS - UP The newly_doctor MUST SERVE FOR SIX MONTHS AS A HOUSE PHYSICIAN - QALIFIED Им показали клиники И ЛАБОРАТОРИИ УНИВЕРСИТЕТА – THEY WERE SHOWN THE CLINICS AND LABORATORIES OF THE UNIVERSITY Undergraduate education occupies__YEARS - FIVE The salary of residents is_THAN THE SALARY OF INTERNS - HIGHER A post-graduate must write a thesis BASED__ORIGINAL WORK - ON Latin_in all medical SCHOOLS IN BRITAIN – IS NOT TAUGHT Further specialization REQUIRES TRAINING IN - RESIDENCY The basic sciences_DURING THE FIRST TWO YEARS – ARE TAUGHT The period of residency is__YEARS- THREE OR FOUR Быть принятым – TO BE ACCEPTED A student applies to a medical school after_studies – PRE-MEDICAL Плата за обучение – TUITION FEE Например – FOR INSTANCE Sure – КОНЕЧНО, БЕЗУСЛОВНО Candidates are required_the admission TEST – TO PASS Academic achievement - УСПЕВАЕМОСТЬ A students applies_a medical school when he has COMPLETED PRE-MEDICAL STUDIES - TO ходить по вызовам – TO BE ON CALL Окончание разделительного вопроса: APPLICANTS HAVE TO TAKE EXAMINATIONS - don’t they? We should like to receive SOME INFORMATION ON – МЫ БЫ ХОТЕЛИ ПОЛУЧИТЬ НЕКОТОРУЮ ИНФОРМАЦИЮ О And what about – А КАК НАСЧЕТ In-patient department - СТАЦИОНАР To be admitted to the INSTITUTE – ПОСТУПИТЬ В ИНСТИТУТ Аспирантура – POST GRADUATE COURSE To be admitted to - поступить The opposite for compulsory IS - VOLUNTARY Would you kindly tell us – БУДЬТЕ ДОБРЫ РАССКАЖИТЕ НАМ At the end of the third year STUDENTS TAKE A PRACTICAL COURSE__THEY PERFORM THE DUTIES OF NURSES - WHERE CurrIculum – УЧЕБНЫЙ ПЛАН The instruction is given_ LECTURES AND PRACTICL CLASSES - THROUGH Out-patient department - ПОЛИКЛИНИКА Первичная медицинская помощь – PRIMRARY MEDICAL CARE Humanities – ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ PARTICIPATE - УЧАСТВОВАТЬ Ординатор - RESIDENT To assess – ОПРЕДЕЛЯТЬ, ОЦЕНИВАТЬ На первом курсе – IN THE FIRST YEAR inflammation of the mucous membrane is of the – so-called the English equivalent for раздражительный – irritable the deeper the inflammation serious– the more all the respiratory passages are covered with – mucous membrane DUODENAL ULCER IS THE ULCER OF – STRESS WHAT CAUSES ULCERS? IS A SPECIAL TO SUBJECT QUESTION PROPER DIET SHOULD BE NECESSARY FOR THE SUPRESSION OF SECRETION AN EMOTIONAL STRESS IS A COMMONLY RECOGNIZED FACTOR THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD ASCRIBE – ПРИПИСЫВАТЬ THE PATIENT USUALLY COMPLANS OF A PAIN AND HEARTBURN AFTER MEDS A PEPTIC ULCERS IS AN EROSION IN THE LINING OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT THE PATIENT MAY ALSO SUFFER FROM FREQUENT VOMITING GASTRIC AND DUODENAL ULCERS LOOK ALIKE AND CAUSE SIMILAR DISTRESS GASTRIC ULCERS MAY ACTUALLY PERFORATE THE STOMACH WALL THE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT FOR CONDITION – ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЕ NOT ALL PERSONS WITH HYPER-ACIDITY MUST DEVELOP ULCERS NOT ALL PERSONS WITH HYPER-ACIDITY MUST DEVELOP ULCERS NOT ALL PERSONS WITH HYPER-ACIDITY MUST DEVELOP ULCERS THE PATIENT MAY ALSO SUFFER FROM FREQUENT VOMITING THE DISEASE IS EASILY RECOGNIZED GASTRIC AND DUODENAL ULCERS LOOK ALIKE AND CAUSE SIMILAR DISTRESS THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD HEARTBURN – ИЗЖОГА THE DISEASE IS EASILY RECOGNIZED THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD HEREDITARY – НАСЛЕДСТВЕННЫЙ BACTERIA ARE OFTEN REFERRIED TO AS GERMS OR MICROBES BACTERIA ARE OFTEN SPOKEN OF AS MICROORGANISMS THE BRAIN HAS MANY DIFFERENT PARTS THE OPPOSITE OF THE WORD WITHIN – OUTSIDE NERVES LEAD FROM THE SPINAL CORD OR FROM THE BRAIN TO EACH MAN RECEIVES HIS INFORMATION THROUGH THE SENSE ORGANS BACTERIA ARE VERY SMALL THE CENTER FOR MAKING OUR MUSCLES WORK AS A TEAM CEREBELLUM EVERYONE KNOWS WHAT PAIN AND TOUCH ARE THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD CEREBELLUM – МОЗЖЕЧОК TOUCH, HEAT, COLD AND PAIN ARE CUTANEOUS SENSES THE SUNONYM OF THE WORD SENSE – FEELING THE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT FOR СОКРАЩЕНИЕ – CONSTRICTION HYPERTENSION IS DAMAGING FOR TWO REASONS THE CAUSE OF HYPERTENSION MAY BE DIFFERENT HYPERTENSION IS DAMAGING FOR TWO REASONS HYPERTENSION simply means high blood pressure the vessels become weakened hypertension patients have tended to develop cardiovasculare… THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD rupture – разрывать HYPERTENSION simply means high blood pressure most physiologists have considered a blood pressure reading of… there is systolic and diastolic pressure hypertension patients have tended to develop cardiovasculare… THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD displace – перемещать THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD haemorrhage – кровотечение the patient was admitted to the hospital with essential… hypertension has become more common suffer from the patient was admitted to the hospital with essential the vessels become weakened THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD weaken – ослаблять the pulse can be felt on any arteries они мечтали стать хирургами…-they dreamed of becoming surgeons after they… the bones of the leg were bent between the… THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD fractures – перелом THE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENT FOR THE WORD tender – болезненный In all open fractures there is some bleeding all compound fracture patients must be protected against movements In all open fractures the ends of the broken bone may be sticking out of the synonym for the verb to cure – to treat there may be different types of fractures: closed, open, complete a fracture is a broken bone the deeper inflammation the more serious are its conse…. the sourse o irritation is often smoking tobacco мы сейчас проводим эксперимент – are conducting millions of hairlike cilia are constantly sweeping the layer… the sourse o irritation is often smoking tobacco the first step treating any lung – лечение the main treatment of chronic bronchitis consist of eliminating… the cilia can no longer clear the lungs – прочищать THE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT FOR существенный – prominent the deeper inflammation the more serious are its conse….  
1.The bones form the skeleton of the body. The most important part of the skeleton is the backbone. It is so important that naturalists divided all animals into two classes - those which have a backbone and those which have none. All the higher animals have a backbone, or vertebral column and they are therefore called (называются) vertebrate animals. The others are called invertebrate animals. 2.The bones which form the skeleton or bony framework of the body include the bones of the head, the bones of the trunk, the bones of the lower and upper limbs. 3.At the upper end of the backbone there is the skull. Inside the skull is the brain. The bones of the head include the bones which make up the box-like structure, the skull, and freely movable bone which forms our lower jaw. 4.There is another box of bones in front of the backbone. The ribs, which join the backbone behind and bend round towards the breastbone in front, form a strong cage - the chest, inside of which there is the heart and the lungs. The bones of the trunk include the spinal column, the ribs and the breastbone. 5. The arms join the body at the shoulder, and the shoulder itself consists of two bones - the collar-bone in front, and the shoulder-blade behind. Between the shoulder and the elbow there is only one bone in the arm, but between the elbow and the wrist there are two. In the wrist there are eight small bones. They are bound (связаны) together, but their large number allows the wrist to bend freely. Next come the bones of the hand itself. In the body or palm of the hand there are five long bones - one for each finger and one for the thumb. Each of the fingers has three bones, and the thumb has two. Thus we have twenty-seven bones in the framework of the hand and wrist alone. Text В The human body is obviously separable into the head, the trunk and the limbs. In the head, the brain-case or skull is distinguishable from the face. The trunk includes the chest or thorax, and the abdomen. Of the limbs there are two pairs - the upper, or arms, and the lower, or legs; and the legs and arms again are separable into several parts - the thigh, the leg and the toes in the lower limb and the upper arm, the forearm, the wrist and the fingers in the upper limb. The whole body, is bilaterally symmetrical. There are special bones in the trunk which are bound (связаны) together by a very strong and tough substance into a long column, which lies nearer the dorsal (or back) than ventral (or front) part of the body The bones are called (называются) the vertebrae. They separate a long narrow canal, the spinal canal, which lies upon the dorsal side. The spinal canal contains a long white cord - the spinal cord - which is an important part of the nervous system. The diaphragm divides the ventral chamber into two cavities - the thorax and abdomen. The alimentary canal transverses these cavities from one end to the other and pierces the diaphragm. In the abdomen there are also two kidneys, which lie against each side of the vertebral column, the ureters, the bladder, the liver, the pancreas and the spleen. The thorax encloses the heart and two lungs. The latter lie one on each side of the heart. The dorsal chamber, or cavity of the skull, opens into the spinal canal. It contains the brain, which is continuous with the spinal cord. The brain and the spinal cord together constitute the cerebrospinal system. The ventral chamber, or cavity of the face encloses mouth and pharynx, into which the upper end of the alimentary canal (gullet or oesophagus) opens. Text А Types of Muscles 1. The word «muscle», according to one theory, comes from a Latin word that means «little mouse»: that is, when a man's muscles are contracting they look as if a little mouse runs about under his skin. According to another theory the word «muscle» comes from a Greek expression that means «to enclose», that is, layers of muscles enclose the body. We know that the muscles constitute approximately 50 per cent of the total body weight, slightly more in the average male than the female. Tendons, fasciae and the various organs themselves depend on the muscular system and the function of muscle cells. 2. There are three main types of muscular tissue that we identify and classify on the basis of structure and functions: 1) smooth or visceral muscle, 2) striated or skeletal muscle, 3) cardiac muscle. 3. Smooth muscles can contract slowly. They make up the walls of the internal organs such as those of the blood vessels, and the digestive tract. Since we identify the internal organs as viscera, we sometimes call smooth muscles visceral muscles. The visceral muscles react relatively slowly to changes within the body and do so without the intervention of the will. |