вариант 14. 1. For parents and friends
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Задание 10 Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок. 1. For parents and friends 2. Radiation threat 3. Threat for kids 4. Feeling of safety 5. Mobile future 6. Mobile booking office 7. New language 8. SMS to premier A. Mobile phones use ‘radio waves’ to send signals. Since the 1920s, scientists have known that radio waves can cause the heating of the skin and influence the nervous system. But mobile phones don’t produce many radio waves. Still children should be especially careful about mobile phone use because their nervous system may be hurt. Children should only use mobiles for short calls. B. It is known that the strength of radio wave radiation decreases with distance. It suggests that hands-free sets may be effective in avoiding all the dangers of mobile phones. But another study described an increase in radiation that reached the user of a hands-free set. It says that the cable of the hands-free set acted as an antenna, directing more radio waves into the user’s ear. C. Train passengers will soon be able to buy tickets on their mobile phone. Chiltern Railways plans to sell tickets through mobile phones. The new technology sends a code to a mobile phone in a text message, which passengers can then scan at the station ticket barrier. It’s hoped the method will make buying tickets easier for passengers and help fight against queues at stations. D. Many parents now use mobiles to control their children’s behaviour. It gives parents peace of mind and makes young people feel protected. Parents say that young people are safer with mobiles than without them. But, while parents said they liked to call their children on the mobile to actually hear their voice, young people liked to send text messages to parents. E. A research showed that those young people who have a mobile feel more independent and often use it to plan meetings both relatives and peers. In particular, young people often use mobiles to ask their parents if they can come home later. The study showed that girls more often text parents to let them know they were safe than boys. They also use text messaging for socializing purposes. F. It is not only parents who want to connect with young people through mobile technologies. Nowadays politicians and different organizations look for ways to use text messaging as a channel for communication with the young. In late 2004, the UK government offered people the opportunity to ‘text Tony’. People were invited to send a text question to the prime minister to be answered as part of a ‘mobile chat’. G. The popularity of text messages led to the development of a special system of words or ‘chat speak’. For example, acronyms, that are words made from the first letters of other words, are often used both in online chatrooms and text messages sent to your mobile phone. This ‘chat speak’ is very popular with children who are fast at texting. Parents might be interested to know that ‘PAW’ means ‘parents are watching’!
Задание 11 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. US Congress The Congress of the United States of America is an important part of the US federal government. It is an assembly of elected representatives A ______ but not to select the chief executive of the nation; that individual is elected by the people. Congress is not a single organization; it is a vast and complex collection of organizations B ________ and through which members of Congress form alliances. C ______, in which political parties are the only important kind of organization, parties are only one of many important units in Congress. In fact, other organizations have grown in number D _______. The Democrats and Republicans in the House and the Senate are organized by party leaders, E _____ within the House and Senate. The party structure is essentially the same in the House as in the Senate, though the titles of various posts are different. But leadership carries more power in the House than in the Senate because of the House rules. F _____, the House must restrict debate and schedule its business with great care; thus leaders who do the scheduling and who determine how the rules shall be applied usually have substantial influence. 1. as party influence has declined 2. against the spirit of the Constitution 3. being so large (435 members) 4. empowered to make laws 5. unlike the British Parliament 6. by which the business of Congress is carried on 7. who in turn are elected by the full party membership
Travelling I’ve spent the last year wandering around the globe and exploring this wondrous thing called life. Through 26 flights, I’ve managed to circle the globe twice, and touch 5 of the 7 continents. It’s been an incredible experience. The journey led me from scuba diving for a month in Thailand to hitchhiking in African country. I’ve learned about the world and myself more than any book, teacher or person could tell me. I’ve learned that the timing will never be perfect because rarely are we blessed with the perfect time to do something. When I was planning on leaving to travel for a year, it was never the “right time” when everything was going to be put on hold for my travels. I needed more money, or I would lose my job. I realized that I was never going to be “ready” to drastically change my life, as I was always going to have some new commitment or excuse. So I left at the “wrong time” in life and it turned out to be the best thing that happened to me. But once I got sick of missing out on things I wanted to do and see, I started to just do them anyway. I’ve also learned that friendships are everything. I heard this one a lot before, but never really believed it that much. When I started looking back on my travels, I started to think “Wow, I’ve seen a heck of lot of cool places”. I tried to think back to my favorites, which ones did I enjoy the most? They were always the ones where I had the best friends and really had nothing to do with where I was. The people around you contribute a great deal to your overall happiness. It was only when I had no friends that I realized their importance. When travelling, you have complete freedom to literally do anything you want. You can relax everyday on the beach, you can be alone every day in your room, you can eat ice cream for breakfast every day, and you can drink all the time. This freedom can be quite liberating, but many people have a tough time balancing the party/drinking/vacation aspect with truly seeing and experiencing each country, because you have no responsibilities and no one around to tell you when you can’t do something. I too fell into a similar kind of trap. I indulged in so many aspects of life. I took everything to the extreme until it had lost its excitement. I realized that balance was the key. Another lesson I have learned is that life doesn’t have to be “normal”. Go to school, get a job, or buy a big house. When anyone strays from this path they are considered to be not “normal”. It’s only when I started traveling that I saw that a fulfilling and happy life isn’t always a respectable job, with a big house and lots of money. I began to meet interesting characters from all over the world and saw firsthand how they had gone “against the grain” and succeeded. There are tons of other ways to live a fulfilling and happy life, but most of us have only seen the “big house” scenario. I saw and experienced how happy people are doing something completely different than normal jobs, because they get to wake up every day and do what they want to do in the place they want to be. So, while travelling I realized that you can read about things, watch them on TV, or hear stories from a friend, but nothing comes close to first-hand human experience. You get a whole new perspective on what really matters and you feel this sense of adventure and excitement that reminds you just how many possibilities you have in life. To anyone who has not travelled, do it. And to those who have, continue to do so. It will teach you more about yourself and the world around you than you could ever imagine. Задание 12 According to the author travelling helps you … 1) learn new skills. 2) see the world. 3) understand yourself. 4) enjoy the life. Задание 13 The time for the author “was never right” because … 1) there always was an excuse not to do something. 2) he wanted to act according to a plan. 3) his travels were poorly organized. 4) he was afraid of new experiences. Задание 14 The most important thing the author learned during his travels was about 1) balance. 2) responsibilities. 3) friendship. 4) freedom. Задание 15 According to the author complete freedom … 1) is to be avoided. 2) is very relaxing. 3) is tempting. 4) needs control. Задание 16 The author is sure that ‘normal’ life is … 1) impossible. 2) not necessary. 3) too dull. 4) very rare. Задание 17 During his travels the author realized the importance of … 1) direct experiences. 2) independence. 3) adventures. 4) education. Задание 18 It can be implied from the text that the author will … 1) teach about travelling. 2) write books about his adventures. 3) try to live a ‘normal’ life. 4) continue travelling. Задание 19 Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слова так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. A Smart Boy
Задание 26 Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Looking after the environment
Christmas As a small child I loved almost everything about Christmas. The excitement of Christmas Eve was almost unbearable. We’d go from house to house singing Christmas carols and be given hot mince pies and other 32 ______ Before bed our parents would read us stories and eventually put us to bed with warnings that Santa Claus would not come if we stayed awake. Before 33 ______ into bed we would leave out a mince pie for Santa and something for his reindeers as a “thank you”: For me Santa was the great hero and I never 34 ______ that he would come down our chimney to deliver my presents. I loved, as I mentioned before, “almost everything”. Immediately after Christmas I was told by my parents that I had to write “thank you letters”. As a six-year-old, writing 35 ______ one letter was a task, but several made a mountain — pressing down on my small world. “Why” I argued to my Mum “should I write to grandparents, aunts and uncles? Santa brought me all my presents”. And my mother would lie to her son. 36 ______ lies of how Santa helped Granddad choose my toy car and with the help of elves and reindeer delivered it for Granddad — but that still I should thank Granddad for the small part he played in it. The following year her lies were even more devious as she tried to 37 ______ me convinced. As I eventually solved this annual mystery, I of course lost all 38 ______ for not writing the “Thank you letters” as the realisation dawned that Granddad had managed everything by himself. Задание 32 Вставьте пропущенное слово: 1) surprises 2) treats 3) presents 4) souvenirs Задание 33 Вставьте пропущенное слово: 1) getting 2) going 3) putting 4) lying Задание 34 Вставьте пропущенное слово: 1) hesitated 2) suspected 3) mistrusted 4) doubted Задание 35 Вставьте пропущенное слово: 1) only 2) yet 3) even 4) still Задание 36 Вставьте пропущенное слово: 1) Vague 2) Elaborate 3) Complete 4) Formless Задание 37 Вставьте пропущенное слово: 1) hold 2) stay 3) keep 4) remain Задание 38 Вставьте пропущенное слово: 1) reasons 2) defenses 3) motives 4) excuses Задание 39 You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Linda:
Write an email to Linda. In your message — answer his questions — ask 3 questions about the children’s book. Write 100–140 words. Remember the rules of email writing. Задание 40 Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (40.1 или 40.2). Укажите его номер и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 40 числительные пишите цифрами. 40.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on the most spoken languages. You have collected some data on the subject (see the table below). Comment on the data in the table and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.
Write 200−250 words. Use the following plan: Use the following plan: – make an opening statement on the subject of the project; – select and report 2–3 facts; – make 1–2 comparisons where relevant; – outline a problem that can arise and suggest a way of solving it – conclude by giving your opinion on the importance of languages in human life 40.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on world population by countries. You have collected some data on the subject (see the diagram below). Comment on the data in the diagram and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.  Write 200−250 words. Use the following plan: – make an opening statement on the subject of the project; – select and report 2–3 facts; – make 1–2 comparisons where relevant; – outline a problem that can and suggest a way of solving it – conclude by giving your opinion on the importance of world population Пояснение. St. Petersburg, Russia September, 4th Dear Linda, Thanks for your message. I'm sorry I couldn't answer you earlier, I had to prepare for the upcoming classes. I am glad to know that you have found a new hobby and became closer to your dream. I am not into sports, but I realise how important it is to take care of my body. I drink 8 glasses of water a day, eat a lot of fresh food. Moreover, I have PE classes three times a week at school. We exercise in a group and our instructor helps us a lot during the work-out. I believe, that everybody needs some guidance while exercising and I am really glad to have a professional coach. It is great to spend some time with like-minded people and have such a success with the result of your work. I am really happy for your brother. How many people have already asked you about the book? How many people have already read it? Is he going to have a meeting with some readers? I'm sorry, but I have to leave now, it's time for me to walk my dog. Looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes, Ella Пояснение. 40.1. Various languages have prevalence in different parts of the world, making it an interesting and diverse place. However, two people speaking different languages will have trouble communicating with each other. My project, which I am still working on, is aimed at finding out what languages are considered the most spoken in the world. I have found some data on this issue and organised it in the table below. I can identify two main features of the statistics presented in the table. The first one is that Chinese is the most spoken language at 918 million speakers worldwide. The second one is that Bengali falls behind other languages on the table with just 300 million speakers. It is also worth mentioning that English only has 38 million more speakers than Hindi. In my opinion, the statistics in the table reveal an important problem. Far too few people in the world know English, making communication between people of different cultures more difficult. To solve this problem, world governments should focus more on teaching their citizens this universal language so that more people could talk with someone on the other side of the world and reach an understanding. In conclusion, I believe that languages are a fascinating tool that makes communication easier, as long as a common language is shared by all sides of a conversation. (223 слова) 40.2. The world population is the number of individuals that are currently alive on the planet. Knowing the world population by countries allows a further understanding of humanities growth as a whole. My project, which I am still working on, is aimed at finding out the world population by countries.. I have found some data on this issue and organized it in the table below I can identify two main features of the statistics presented in the chart below. The first one is that around 20% of the world population is from China and the other 20% is from India. The second one is that 50 % of the world population comes from other countries in the world excluding the USA, Indonesia, Pakistan and Brazil. It is also worth mentioning that these four countries mentioned previously represent 2.5% each of the world population. In my opinion, the statistics in the table reveal an important problem. China and India are the two main countries responsible for the population growth. I think that in order to solve this problem the government should regulate the birth rates of their country and promote adoption. In conclusion, I believe that the encouragement of adoption in countries like China and India can help prevent the overpopulation of the planet. This can lead to a better quality to those kids that are adopted by a family with better opportunities. (231 words) 41. Задание 41 № 9158 Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||