косвенная речь. косвенная речь согласование времен. Косвенная речь и согласование времён

• Название: Косвенная речь и согласование времён
• Анкор: косвенная речь
• Дата: 18.05.2022
• Размер: 1.09 Mb.
• Имя файла: косвенная речь согласование времен.ppt
• Тип: Рассказ; #537292

Косвенная речь и согласование времён

Reported Speech and Sequence of Tenses


Когда рассказчик передает речь другого человека словами самого этого человека, без изменений, дословно – это прямая речь (Direct Speech). Когда же он излагает чужую речь своими словами, то это косвенная речь (Reported Speech). Чужая речь при этом немного изменяется.


Direct Speech:
Tom said “I am feeling ill”.
Reported Speech:
Tom said that he was feeling ill.

При переводе из прямой речи в косвенную нужно:

Изменить личные и притяжательные местоимения.
Изменить форму глагола-сказуемого в придаточном предложении, соблюдая правило согласования времён (если сказуемое главного предложения имеет форму прошедшего времени)

Прямая речь	Косвенная речь
write	wrote
wrote	had written
will write	would write
is writing	was writing
was writing	was writing/ had been writing
have written	had written
had written	had written
have been writing	had been writing

Прямая речь	Косвенная речь
Present Simple	Past Simple
Present Progressive	Past Progressive
Present Perfect	Past Perfect
Present Perfect Progressive	Past Perfect Progressive
Past Simple	Past Perfect
Past Perfect	Past Perfect
Past Progressive	Past Perfect Progressive
Past Perfect Progressive	Past Perfect Progressive
Future	Future-in-the-Past

Лексические изменения при переводе прямой речи в косвенную

here	there
this/that	these/those
today	that day
ago	before
now	then
tomorrow	The next day
yesterday	the day before
last night	the previous night

Verbs to say/to tell

to say – сказать
Sasha said: ”I am from Russia”.
Sasha said to Mike: ”I am from Russia”.
to tell – сообщать, рассказывать
Sasha told Mike that he was from Russia.

Перевод утверждений (statements) в косвенную речь

Direct Speech:
Tom says to Sasha :”You are a good sportsman now”.
Reported Speech:
Tom said that Sasha was a good sportsman then.

Перевод вопросов (questions) в косвенную речь

Общие (General):
Sasha asked: ”Do you like Atlanta?”
He asked me if (whether) I liked Atlanta.
Специальные (Special)
He asked: ”When shall we meet tomorrow”.
He asked when we should meet the next day.

Reported Speech

Приказания, команды, просьбы
(Orders, commands, requests)
Sasha said to me :”Give me your telephone number”
He asked me to give him my phone number.

Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech

Jimmy said, “My brother is learning to drive”.
Nick said, “I come home by tram every day”.
Bob said, “My uncle has just arrived from Paris”.
The teacher told the students, “I haven’t read you papers yet”.
Mary said, “I don’t want to wear my old dress”.


The farmer said that he hadn’t grown any wheat since 1975.
My sister said that she hadn’t got a watch.
She said that her children were playing in the garden.
I told him that I hadn’t seen his brother for a long time.
The teacher told his students that he was going to give them a test.


Peter asked:”Who has taken my book?”
I asked my mother: “What did the teacher say?”
He asked Roger: “When do you usually get up?”
I asked the gardener: “What are you planting here this year?”
The policeman asked: “Who left this car here?”


He asked his friend: “Do you like the wine?”
I asked my sister: “Did you leave the book at home?”
He asked his wife: “Is the baby asleep?”
I asked the old gentleman: “Are you feeling tired?”
I asked Frank: “Did you buy a new car?”