Англ про станки. Ответы на вопросы по английскому (1). 1. What is mechanical processing (machining) What methods based on mechanical processing do you know Describe each of them briefly
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1. What is mechanical processing (machining)? What methods based on mechanical processing do you know? Describe each of them briefly. Что такое механическая обработка (механообработка)? Какие методы, основанные на механической обработке, вы знаете? Опишите каждый из них вкратце. Mechanical processing is the processing of steel products and other materials by mechanical action using a cutter, drill, milling cutter and other cutting tools. The main methods of blade processing are turning, drilling, milling, planing and stretching. The classification of processing methods is based on the type of tool used and the kinematics of movements The grinding method. technological method of processing with the help of abrasive tools, the cutting elements of which are solid grains of abrasive materials. Grinding is most often performed at the final stage of processing 2. What is electrical, chemical and heat treatment? How do you apply these methods? What processes does this imply? Describe each in a brief. Что такое электрическая, химическая и термическая обработка? Как вы применяете эти методы? Какие процессы это подразумевает? Опишите каждый в краткий. 1)Electroerrosion is a processing method in which metal layers corrode under the influence of an electric current. 2)Chemical treatment-a type of treatment in which the object of labor is treated with chemistry to create a corrosion-resistant layer. 3) Heat treatment – temperature treatment in which the object of labor is heated and then cooled in various ways to change its operational characteristics. 3. What is casting and welding? What methods based on them do you know? Describe each of them briefly. Чтотакоелитьеисварка? Какие методы, основанные на них, вы знаете? Опишите каждый из них вкратце. 1) Casting is a method in which liquid metal is cast into molds to obtain blanks for labor products. 2)Die casting is a casting method in which metal is poured into a disposable mold that melts or burns in the process. 3)Permanent mold casting is a method in which metal is poured into metal molds with or without pressure. 4)Welding is a method of joining two parts to create an object of labor, at the junction the parts melt, which creates an indissoluble joint. 5)Arc welding is a welding method in which metal is heated by an electric arc formed between the object of labor and the electrode. 6)Argon welding is a welding method in which the electrode is made of tungsten that does not melt in an electric arc 4. What is pressure treatment? What methods based on this do you know? Describe each of them briefly. Что такое обработка давлением? Какие методы, основанные на этом, вы знаете? Опишите каждый из них вкратце. 1)Pressure treatment is a treatment in which metal is formed without cutting and with minimal volume consumption. 2)Rolling is a pressure treatment method in which a metal ingot is rolled between two rollers under pressure, as a result, the shape of the rollers is pressed into the metal, they receive rods, sheets and similar products. 3) Stamping is a processing method in which a stamp is pressed into a sheet, rod or other workpiece that forms metal into the shape of a stamp. 2. 1. What is a machine? Give a definition. What does this include? Чтотакоестанок? Дайте определение. Что это включает в себя? A machine is a machine used in industry for processing various materials, or a device for performing any work. The machine has a drive (mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic), with the help of which the movement is transmitted to the working organs (the complex of these movements is called shaping movements). 2.2. What characteristics of the machine do you know? Describe them. Какие характеристики станка вы знаете? Опишите их. 1. Processing speed. It depends on the speed of rotation of the spindle and the linear movement of the caliper. 2. The power of the spindle motor. It determines the efficiency of work. 3. Dimensions of the workpiece to be processed. The maximum diameter and the maximum length are limited. 4. Positioning accuracy. It defines the accuracy class of processing and the accuracy of repetitions. 2.3. What are the main machines you know? Describe them. Какие основные станки вы знаете? Опишите их. 1)The lathe is designed for cutting workpieces made of metals, wood and other materials in the form of bodies of rotation. Lathes perform roughing and finishing turning of cylindrical, conical and shaped surfaces, threading, trimming and processing of ends, drilling. 2) Drilling machine - designed to produce through and blind holes in solid material, for finishing, boring holes formed in the workpiece in some other way, for cutting internal threads. 2. 4. What special purpose machines do you know? Describe them. Какие машины специального назначения вы знаете? Опишите их. Specialized machines are machines on which it is possible to perform a limited number of operations on parts of the same name. These include machines for processing pipes, couplings, crankshafts. сварка - Welding литьё- Casting обработка давлением- Pressure treatment точение / токарная обработка- Turning токарный станок- lathe отверстие- hole резьба- thread штамп - punch фрезерование / обработка фрезой – Milling заготовка – blank сверление - drilling бурение, высверливание- Boring шлифование- grinding |