Активный залог. Активный залог (active voice)
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Активный залог (active voice) Категория залога показывает, производит ли действие лицо (предмет), выраженное существительным или местоимением в функции подлежащего, или же оно само испытывает на себе чье-либо действие. В английском языке существует два вида залога: активный залог (действительный) и пассивный залог (страдательный). Активный залог (active voice) показывает, что лицо или предмет, выраженное подлежащим, само производит действие: Sam baked a big cake. Сэм испек большой пирог. В примере выше лицо, выраженное подлежащим (Sam) самостоятельно производит действие (baked), т.е. является активным. Таким образом, можно сказать, что предложение в целом употреблено в активном залоге. Другие примеры предложений в активном залоге: Jeremy opened the present. Джереми открыл подарок. Susan found her car keys. Сьюзен нашла свои ключи от машины. 1. I am sorry that you do not read English novels; if you read them, I would lend you some very interesting ones. 2. You say that you did not read yesterday's papers; if you had read them, you would have seen the announcement of Professor Х's coming to our town. 3. Не is not ill: if he were ill, he wouldn't play tennis so much. 4. Не was not ill last week: if he had been ill, he wouldn't have taken part in the football match. 5. How slippery it is! If it didn't rain, it wouldn't be so slippery. 6. I am glad I was able to attend the lecture yesterday. Would you have been displeased if I hadn't come? 7. Let's take а taxi to the railway station: we have а lot of luggage. If we didn't have so much luggage, we would walk. 8. Stop working and let's go inside: it is too dark. If the evening weren't sо dark, we would continue the work. 9. I don't believe you: you only say that you want to know languages. If you were really interested in languages, you would study them. |