Английский язык Рекомендовано учебнометодическим объединением высших учебных заведений Республики Беларусь по химикотехнологическому образованию в качестве учебнометодического пособия для студентов высших учебных заведений,
 Скачать 309.23 Kb.
|
|
Part 3. Student Life Ex. 1. Make sure you know the meaning of the following words: house v., facility n., contest n., party n., discotheque n., competition n., arrange v., hostel n., opportunity n., improve v., health n., canteen n., cafe n., cater v., provide v., artistic a., creative a., skill n., amateur n., winner n., art n., enjoy v., topical a., prominent a., personality n., show n., folk a., performance n., team n., compete v., recreation n., aspiring a., athlete n., annually adv., perfection n., achievement n., wrestling n., bow-shooting n., races n., hold v. Ex. 2. Practice the pronunciation of the following words: theatrical, performance, discotheque, folk, instrumental, orchestra, prominent, personality, athlete, qualification, perfection, arm-wrestling, weight lifting, unarmed combat, judo, tourism, championship, free-style wrestling, Greco-Roman wrestling, bow-shooting, rock-climber. Ex. 3. Answer the following questions: 1. What are the characteristics of a campus university? 2. How can students spend their free time in hostels after classes? 3. What famous amateur groups are there at the University? 4. Are you fond of singing or dancing? 5. Do you want to take part in performances? 6. Do you participate in theatrical shows, concerts, folk performances? 7. Are you fond of sports? 8. How can you characterize the University opportunities for sport, recreation, fitness? 9. What groups of sport perfection are organized at the University? 10. Are you a member of one of them? 11. What is your favorite kind of sport? 12. Do you know the winners of Republican student games? 13. Are you going to take part in some interfaculty competitions? Ex. 4. Read and translate the following text: The University is a modern campus university with all its academic buildings, most of its student housing (five hostels) and all student support facilities (Internet Club, computer classes, branches of the library, a billiard playing room) of the campus itself. Various kinds of contests, parties, round tables, discotheques, sport competitions and games are arranged in hostels after classes. Students have an opportunity to improve their health in the medical centre of the University. A canteen, a bar and a cafe also cater for the needs of students. The University provides talented students with facilities to develop their artistic and creative skills. Such amateur groups as Prize winner of international art festival "Roon", professor vocal group "Akavita", winner of republican festivals folk student theater "Kolokol", vocal-instrumental group "Faculty", folk instrumental orchestra, dance group enjoy great popularity. Students in the campus housing also organize lively social activities and the teaching staff joins with students in planning programs of these activities. They organize topical parties, round tables with prominent personalities of the state, theatrical shows, concerts, folk performances, contests, festivals. The performance of the club of witty youth has become an annual event of note. The University team competes with teams of other Belarusian Universities. The University opportunities for sport, recreation, fitness and health are great for both aspiring athletes and average students, depending on their health, physical abilities and sport qualifications. The students are provided with facilities for 16 kinds of sport. Annually about 350 students study in groups of sport perfection in 16 kinds of sport: football, volleyball, basketball, arm-wrestling, weight lifting, unarmed combat, judo, Greco-Roman wrestling, chess, Chinese Gymnastics (Ushu), tourism, swimming and table tennis. The students of the BSTU enjoy great popularity for their sport achievements both in our Republic and abroad. Our University has trained winners and prize-winners of international competitions, world and European championships. The University teams in free-style wrestling, Greco-Roman wrestling, mini-football, bow-shooting, chess, hockey, skiing races, basketball, handball, arm-wrestling and weight lifting were winners of Republican student games. Interfaculty competitions in various kinds of sport are held at the University annually. Tourist trips, football fan clubs, a rock-climber circle and P. T. groups are organized at the University. Ex. 5. Complete each sentence using a word derivationally related to the word given in brackets: Sport is probably as old as the humanity itself. It has been developing with the developing and ... of the mankind (grow). All over the world people of ... ages are very fond of sports and games (differ). Sport not only helps people to become strong and to develop physically but also makes them more organized and better disciplined in their ... activities (day). We all need to exercise. The best exercise is one which involves in repeated ... (move). It's so nice to go to the skating-rink on a ... sunny day (frost). ... sports and games are popular with my friends (differ). We have fine teams at our University and different kinds of . take place here (compete). And now a few words about our physical training lessons: in winter our physical . lessons are held out-of-doors (train). Ex. 6. Match the words to their definitions:
people to read, study, or use;
Ex. 7. Insert prepositions where necessary: Faculty ... Social Professions began working ... 1968. There are four departments . this faculty: amateur performances, sports, foreign languages, computer and information technology. The graduates . these departments become managers . social work, coaches . some kinds of sports, reviewer-translators of scientific and technical literature. Apart ... this, students get skills and knowledge . computer modeling, programming and Internet. Ex. 8. Substitute the words in italics by their synonyms: A multilevel system of training specialists (in accordance with international standards) has been developed and led to the decrease of state expenditures on education and the increase of payable enrollment of students to the University. The educational process aims are:
The educational programs are spread along the lines of student interests in four directions: human and social studies, fundamental and professional disciplines, special subjects, specialized projects. Ex. 9. Prove whether the following statements are true or false using the information from the text: 1. The University opportunities for sport, recreation, fitness and health are great only for aspiring athletes. 2. The University provides talented students with facilities to develop their artistic and creative skills.
Ex. 10. Work in groups. Give a brief survey of the topic "Our University" (the key words are given): 1930 - to found; 1934 - to rename; 1941 - to evacuate; 1946 - to transfer; 1946 - to train; 1961 - to be inspired; 1968 - to organize; 1980 - to award; 1993 - to grant; 1997 - to certify; 2000 - to found; 21 century - to continue; 2004 - to grant; 2004 - to certify; 2005 - to celebrate. Ex. 11. Work in pair's. Speak on the topic "Our University" according to the following plan: 1. History of the University development. 2. Structure of the University. 3. Organization of the educational process. 4. Scientific work at the University. 5. International contacts. 6. Student life. Ex. 12. Work in groups. Find out from your partners what they would like to change at the University. Ex. 13. Write a composition on one of the following topics:
Ex. 14. Write a letter to your friend who is going to enter the BSTU next year about your first impressions of student's life in Minsk. UNIT 3. THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND Part 1. Geographical Outline of Great Britain Ex. 1. Make sure you know the meaning of the following words: consist v., make up v., rocky a., resemble v., coast n., evidence n., shallow a., separate v., separate a., melt v., level n., rise v., drown v., shelf n., surround v., wide a., narrow a., profitable a., regular a., shape v., shape n., indent v., numerous a., gulf n., bay n., harbour n., peninsula n., cape n., submerge v., surface n., develop v., hill n., mountain n., route n., link v., advantage n., create v., favour n., determine v., fast a., remain v., scenery n., spoil v. Ex. 2. Practice the pronunciation of the following words and proper names: Europe, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, London, Cardiff, Edinburgh, Belfast, an isle, an island, North - Northern, Norway - Norwegian, the English Channel, the Strait of Dover, mountain - mountainous, the Thames, the Severn, the Trent, Cumbria, Lake District, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Sheffield. Ex. 3. Answer the following questions: 1. In what part of the world is Great Britain situated? 2. What are in your opinion the advantages and disadvantages of the geographical position of Great Britain? 3. What does the abbreviation "UK" mean? 4. What is the capital of England (Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland)? 5. Why are the isles where Great Britain is situated called British? 6. Why is it annoying for many British people when foreigners call them the English? 7. What educational centres of Great Britain do you know? Ex. 4. Have you ever visited Great Britain or read interesting information about its places of interest? If so, tell your friends about these places and convince them to visit these places too. Ex. 5. Read and translate the following text: England, Britain, Great Britain, the British Isles, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK for short) - these different names are sometimes used to mean the same thing and they are frequently used wrongly. Strictly speaking, England, Britain and the British Isles ought to be used as geographical names. And the official name of the state situated on the British Isles is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (it comprises England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland). The British Isles lie to the north-west of the continent of Europe and consist of two main islands: the larger of which is Great Britain, the smaller is Ireland. Great Britain is made up of England, Wales and Scotland; Ireland comprises Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. These two and over 500 small islands are known collectively as the state - the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The total land area of the UK is 244.1 square km, it is the 75th place among other countries of the world. Many years ago the British Isles formed a part of the continent. The rocky highlands of Scotland, for example, resemble the Norwegian coast. Another evidence that the islands were the part of the continent is the shallowness of the water between them and the mainland. The main separation took place thousands of years ago, after the last Ice Age, when the ice melted, the level of the oceans rose and drowned the low-lying coastlands. The north-west and the west of Great Britain is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean. In the west the country is washed by the Irish Sea. The eastern coast is open to the waters of the North Sea. The south-eastern part of Great Britain is separated from France by the English Channel which is in its widest part 220 km wide, and in the narrowest, what is called the Strait of Dover, - only 32 km. So, the islands have always had easy and mainly profitable contacts with mainland Europe. Great Britain is very irregularly shaped; being deeply indented by the numerous gulfs of the sea, no part of the country is more than 120 km from the sea. So the British Isles are known for their greatly indented coastline. Therefore there are many bays and harbours, peninsulas and capes on the coast, which were formed as a result of the raising and submerging of the land surface in the process of the geological development of the island. The island of Great Britain is quite distinctly divided into two parts; the mountainous Highlands (north and west) and the Lowlands, sometimes hilly (south and east). The most important sea routes pass through the English Channel and the North Sea linking Europe with America and other continents. The advantageous geographical position of Great Britain created favourable conditions for the development of shipping, trade and the economy as a whole. The rivers of Great Britain are short and of no great importance as waterways, their direction and character are determined by the position of the mountains. The busiest of them is "the Farther of London", the Thames, the longest is the Severn which is a little over 200 miles. The Trent is the fastest. The rivers seldom freeze in winter, most of them remain ice-free but they are not navigable for ocean ships. England has no large lakes. But the Lake District in the north-western part of the country is known for its beauty. The Lake District is the central mountainous area of Cumbria in the Northwest and has some of England's most beautiful scenery. Several other names are used to describe this area, for example Lakeland, and the English Lakes. Since the Lake District is a National Park, there is special control over building there to make sure that the beauty of the countryside is not spoiled. There are 16 lakes there. Ex. 6. Complete each sentence using a word derivationally related to the word given in brackets. 1. The islands of Great Britain, Ireland and over 500 small ones are known . as one state (collective). 2. The . mountains of Scotland are located in the northern part of the island and are called the Highlands (rock). 3. The rocky highlands of Scotland bear some . to the Norwegian coast (resemble). 4. Another evidence that the islands were a part of the continent is the . of the water between them and the mainland (shallow). 5. The ... of the mainland and the islands took place after the last Ice Age (separate). 6. Over 500 islands in the system of the British Isles lie on the . shelf (continent). 7. The islands have many . contacts with mainland Europe (profit). 8. The coasts of Great Britain are very . shaped (irregular). 9. Many bays and harbours were formed in the process of the geological ... of the island (develop). 10. The ... part of Great Britain is called the Highlands (mountain). Ex. 7. Match the words to their definitions:
14) strait k) stretch of water joining two seas; l) place of shelter for ships; m) area of land almost surrounded by water and projecting far into the sea; n) rather a large area of water enclosed by land. Ex. 8. Insert prepositions where necessary: The four parts . the UK represent four nations which are distinct . each other ... almost every aspect ... life. They were different racially. The people . Ireland, Wales and highland Scotland belonged . the Celtic race, those . England and lowland Scotland were mainly . Germanic origin. This difference was reflected . the languages they spoke, . their different economic, social and legal systems. The long centuries ... contact ... the people . the four nations . the British Isles have limited their significant differences. But they have not completely disappeared, and the Welsh, Scottish and Irish people feel their identity very strongly. England has always played the most powerful role . the history . the British Isles. That is why foreigners usually call all British people "English". But this irritates the people who live . Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland who are not English and who still feel different . the English. Ex. 9. Substitute the words in italics by their synonyms: London draws people from all over the world. Some come on business, some come to study, to work or on holiday. London is naturally a very English city, yet it is the least typical of Britain as it is very cosmopolitan, containing goods, food, entertainment, as well as people, from many countries of the world. There is much in London which fascinates visitors: the splendour of the royal palaces and the Houses of Parliament, the dignity of St. Paul's Cathedral and numerous monuments, historic buildings, and parks. Ex. 10. Read the information below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space: All . of the United Kingdom have a temperate . , with plentiful rainfall all year .. The temperature varies with the seasons but seldom . below -10°C or ... above +35°C. The prevailing wind is from the southwest, bearing frequent spells of mild and wet . from the Atlantic Ocean. Eastern parts are most sheltered from this wind and are therefore the . . Atlantic currents, warmed by the Gulf Stream, bring . winters, especially in the west, where winters are also . , especially over high ground. Summers are warmest in the south east of England, being . to the European mainland, and . in the north. Snow can . in winter and early spring, though it rarely settles to any great . away from high ground. Ex. 11. Prove whether the following statements are true or false using the information from the text: 1. The word England is often used when people want to name the state situated on the British Isles and they are right. 2. The British Isles comprise only two large islands. 3. The UK is situated on the continent of Europe. 4. There is much evidence that the British Isles were the part of the continent. 5. The geographical situation of Great Britain is very advantageous. 6. The British Isles are known for their greatly indented coastline. 7. There is a fairly wide network of rivers in the British Isles. 8. The Lake District is situated in the South of England. 9. The British climate is very severe. Ex. 12. Complete the sentences below. Give extended answers: 1. The text is devoted to ... . 2. The text gives (presents, provides) information regarding ... . 3. At the beginning of the text special attention is paid to ... . 4. The text goes on saying that ... . 5. Further the text contains a detailed description of . . 6. Besides some factual information is given concerning . . 7. In conclusion the text reads that . . 8. On reading the text we realise the fact that ... . 9. Moreover we clearly understand that ... . Ex. 13. Work in groups. Find out from your partners:
Ex. 14. Explain why:
Ex. 15. Prove that:
Ex. 16. Imagine that:
Ex. 17. Write a short essay on one of the following topics:
Great Britain;
|