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  • Passive Voice употребляется, когда

  • В новом предложении дополнение становится подлежащим.

  • Такие слова как people (вообще), they, somebody и т.п. опускаются. e.g. Alexander Bell invented the telephone.

  • Когда мы хотим узнать, кто/что совершил действие, то вопрос в пассивном залоге задается следующим образом: Who/What … by e.g. Who was the TV invented by

  • The police arrested the thieves. Sam hates people telling him what to do. Maria writes the ‘Fifi Fairy’ books. Jack should make an apology.

  • (parking/not allow). This is very serious, (something/need do/ immediately). Please go now. (I want/leave alone). Have you heard the news (Mayor/shoot).

  • (cinema complex/build/next May). They will build a new hospital next month. They cleaned the room this morning.

  • Careless drivers can cause accidents. A loud noise woke them up last night. In the USA, they hold Presidential elections every four years.

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    Пассивный залог Английский язык. Be V3 Present Simple


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    АнкорПассивный залог Английский язык
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    #595829

    Passive Voice Страдательный залог

    Passive Voice образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be и 3 формы смыслового глагола V3

    Be + V3

    Present Simple

    Present Simple

    Present Continuous

    Past Simple

    Past Continuous

    Present Perfect

    Past Perfect

    Future Simple

    Future Perfect

    Infinitive

    Modal Verbs

    He makes tea.

    He is making tea

    He made tea.

    He was making tea.

    He has made tea.

    He had made tea.

    He will make tea

    He will have made tea.

    He has to make tea.

    He must make tea.

    Tea is made.

    Tea is being made.

    Tea was made.

    Tea was being made.

    Tea has been made.

    Tea had been made.

    Tea will be made.

    Tea will have been made.

    Tea has to be made.

    Tea must be made.

    Passive Voice употребляется, когда

    e.g. My car was stolen. (неизвестно)

    The church was built in 1815. (неважно)

    He has been arrested. (очевидно)

    e.g. The car hasn’t been cleaned. (более вежливо)

    You haven’t cleaned the car. (менее вежливо)

    e.g. 30 people were killed in the earthquake.

    e.g. The new library will be opened by the Queen.


    подлежащее
    глагол
    дополнение
    исполнитель

    активный
    Picasso
    painted
    that picture

    пассивный
    That picture
    was

    painted
    by Picasso

    В новом предложении дополнение становится подлежащим.
    Форма активного залога глагола меняется на форму пассивного залога, а исполнитель действия (бывшее подлежащее) вводится при помощи предлога by или опускается. После модальных глаголов (will, can, must, have to, should, may, ought to) используется be + V3 .

    e.g. You can use the machine for cutting bread.

    The machine can be used for cutting bread.



    Кто/что совершает действие – предлог by + исполнитель
    Чем пользуется исполнитель - предлог with + инструмент/материал/составная часть

    e.g. A cake was made by Tina.

    It was made with eggs, flour and sugar.



    Мы упоминаем исполнителя действия в предложении в пассивном залоге лишь в том случае, если это дает дополнительную информацию. Если исполнитель неизвестен, неважен или очевиден, то он не упоминается.
    Такие слова как people (вообще), they, somebody и т.п. опускаются.

    e.g. Alexander Bell invented the telephone.

    The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell.

    Somebody pushed him.

    He was pushed.



    Когда мы хотим узнать, кто/что совершил действие, то вопрос в пассивном залоге задается следующим образом: Who/What … by?

    e.g. Who was the TV invented by?

    What was the fire caused by?

    Если глагол в активном залоге имеет два дополнения, то подлежащим обычно становится дополнение-одушевленное существительное:

    e.g. I sent her some roses.

    She was sent some roses. (обычно)

    Some roses were sent to her. (редко)



    Someone stole my brother’s bike yesterday.
    I made this soup with carrots and coriander.
    Who is catering Pam’s party?
    They will have finished their house by May.
    The police arrested the thieves.
    Sam hates people telling him what to do.
    Maria writes the ‘Fifi Fairy’ books.
    Jack should make an apology.

    Form sentences using the passive.

    E.g. I think there’s somebody behind us. We are being followed.


    He’s very angry, (hate/keep waiting).
    It’s private parking, (parking/not allow).
    This is very serious, (something/need do/ immediately).
    Please go now. (I want/leave alone).
    Have you heard the news? (Mayor/shoot).
    Stella didn’t go to the party, (she/not/invite).
    Can I help you, sir? (No, thanks/l/serve).
    He hasn’t received the parcel, (it may/send/ wrong address).
    They pulled down the old factory, (cinema complex/build/next May).


    They will build a new hospital next month.
    They cleaned the room this morning.
    She didn’t invite us to the wedding.
    You can’t use cameras inside the museum.
    The Prime Minister will open the new hospital on Monday.
    Careless drivers can cause accidents.
    A loud noise woke them up last night.
    In the USA, they hold Presidential elections every four years.
    They will translate his book into Portuguese.
    They found the minister guilty of fraud.

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