Елена Музланова, Елена Кисунько Английский язык Экспрессрепетитор для подготовки к егэ Грамматика и лексика ведение
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Елена Музланова, Елена Кисунько Английский язык: Экспресс-репетитор для подготовки к ЕГЭ: «Грамматика и лексика» ВЕДЕНИЕ Предлагаемый сборник тестовых заданий предназначен для формирования и контроля грамматических и лексических навыков и ориентирован, главным образом, на учащихся 10–11 классов и абитуриентов. Он поможет качественно подготовиться к итоговой государственной аттестации в форме ЕГЭ. В пособие включен обширный лексический и грамматический материал, что позволяет использовать его на различных этапах обучения в школах с углубленным изучением языка, лицеях и гимназиях, а также при подготовке к экзаменам на получение международных сертификатов и к вступительным экзаменам в вузы. Основная цель сборника – закрепить, обобщить и систематизировать знания, умения и навыки, приобретенные учащимися в рамках базового курса, а также овладеть определенным количеством нового материала в соответствии с требованиями государственного стандарта к надбазовому уровню владения иностранным языком. Пособие составлено в соответствии с кодификатором элементов содержания по английскому языку, подготовленным Федеральным институтом педагогических измерений (ФИПИ). Каждый из разделов посвящен формированию одного из навыков, проверяемых на ЕГЭ. В разделах представлен краткий теоретический материал по теме, а также разнообразные задания для формирования и закрепления лексико-грамматических навыков. Сборник включает более 200 многоуровневых тестов, расположенных в порядке нарастания сложности, которые помогут прочно усвоить лексику и наиболее важные аспекты грамматики. Поскольку в разделе «Грамматика и лексика» Единого Государственного Экзамена проверяется умение применять полученные знания при работе с иноязычными текстами, то в конце каждого раздела приводятся лексико-грамматические задания на базе аутентичных текстов, при работе с которыми учащиеся овладевают различными аспектами иноязычной культуры. Раздел «Exam Practice» включает все типы лексико-грамматических заданий, входящих в ЕГЭ: определение требуемой грамматической формы заданного слова; определение однокоренного слова; выбор правильного варианта из четырех предложенных. Эти задания составлены на основе аутентичных материалов, максимально приближенных к формату единого государственного экзамена… Итоговый тест содержит 25 заданий, что позволяет легко оценить знания: 23–25 баллов – «отлично», 18–22 балла – «хорошо», 13–17 баллов – «удовлетворительно». Весь комплекс тестов имеет одну цель: активировать лексико-грамматический материал, изученный ранее на уроках, и подготовить учащихся к успешной сдаче единого государственного экзамена по английскому языку. Все тесты снабжены ключами, что позволяет использовать сборник для самоконтроля и самостоятельного изучения английского языка. Представленные в пособии тестовые задания были апробированы в московских школах и с успехом применяются на практике. Надеемся, что оно окажется полезным не только учащимся и учителям, но и всем желающим самостоятельно изучить английский язык. При подготовке данного пособия автором были использованы следующие издания: 1. Luke Prodromou. Grammar and Vocabulary for First Certificate. – Pearson Education Limited, 2000. 2. Luke Prodromou. Rising Star. An Intermediate Course – Macmillan, 2005. 3. Michael Harris, David Mower, Anna Sikorzynska. Opportunities. – Pearson Education Limited, 2006. 4. N. Kenny, L. Luque – Mortimer. First Certificate Practice Tests. – Pearson Education, 2000. 5. Raymond Murphy. Englisc Grammar in Use. – Cambridge University Press, 1995. 6. Virginia Evans. Round-Up. – Pearson Education Limited, 1994. 7. Ионина А.А., Саакян А.С. Английская грамматика XXI века. Учебное пособие по английскому языку. – М.: Издательство «Менеджер», 2006. – 400 с. 8. Демоверсии ЕГЭ по английскому языку. – www.fipi.ru. 1. NOUNS 1.1. SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS Nouns are made plural by adding  Irregular plurals   Test 1. Write the plural of the following nouns. 1. church – 8. woman – 15. radio — 2. difficulty – 9. deer – 16. ox — 3. mouse – 10. leaf – 17. fish — 4. month – 11. goose – 18. wolf — 5. child – 12. potato – 19. country — 6. roof – 13. foot – 20. tooth — 7. boy – 14. dress – 21. curriculum — Test 2. Write the plural of the following nouns. 1. nanny – 8. radio – 15. violin — 2. father-in-law – 9. train robbery – 16. wife — 3. headache – 10. painkiller – 17. medium — 4. dictionary – 11. bush – 18. mouse — 5. pincushion – 12. pen-friend – 19. godfather — 6. hold-up – 13. video – 20. wish — 7. hoof – 14. pillowcase – 21. phenomenon — Test 3. Write the plural of the following nouns. 1. deer – 8. sheep – 15. datum — 2. lady – 9. species – 16. Eskimo — 3. roof – 10. day – 17. leaf — 4. chief – 11. family – 18. life — 5. studio – 12. dish – 19. zero — 6. zoo – 13. paw – 20. buffalo — 7. bus – 14. fork – 21. criterion — Test 4. Write the plural of the following nouns. 1. trout – 8. baby – 15. vowel — 2. composer – 9. handkerchief – 16. buzz — 3. insect – 10. church – 17. glass — 4. oasis – 11. memo – 18. man — 5. analysis – 12. ball game – 19. goose — 6. bacterium – 13. passer-by – 20. foot — 7. waiter – 14. letdown – 21. volcano — Test 5. Write the plural of the following nouns. 1. bench – 8. scarf – 15. fruit — 2. celebrity – 9. belief – 16. swine — 3. louse – 10. sheep – 17. activity — 4. bath – 11. half – 18. thief — 5. woman – 12. tomato – 19. kilo — 6. cliff – 13. means – 20. party — 7. play – 14. photo – 21. appendix — 1.2. COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS Nouns can be countable (those that can be counted) or uncountable (those that can’t be counted). Uncountable nouns take a singular verb. The most common uncountable nouns are: • Mass nouns: fluids (blood, tea, coffee, milk etc), solids (bread, butter, china, coal, food, fruit, glass, ice, iron, fish [meaning food], etc), gasses (air, oxygen, pollution, smoke, smog, etc), particles (corn, dust, flour, hair, pepper, rice, salt, sand, etc). • Subjects of study: chemistry, economics, literature, mathematics, physics, etc. • Languages: Chinese, English, French, etc. • Games: billiards, chess, golf, soccer, tennis, etc. • Diseases: flu, measles, mumps, etc. • Natural phenomena: darkness, hail, heat, rain (but: the rains = season of continuous rain in tropical countries), humidity, thunder, snow, etc. • Some abstract nouns: accommodation, advice, anger, applause, assistance, behaviour, business, chaos, countryside, courage, damage, dirt, education, evidence, housework, homework, information, intelligence, knowledge, luck, music, news, peace, progress, seaside, shopping, traffic, trouble, truth, wealth, work, etc. • Collective nouns: baggage, cutlery, furniture, jewellery, luggage, machinery, money, rubbish, stationery, etc. • Many uncountable nouns can be made countable by adding a partitive: a piece of paper/cake/advice/information/furniture; a slice/loaf of bread; a(n) item/piece of news, etc. • Some nouns take only a plural verb. These are objects consisting of two parts: garments (pyjamas, trousers, etc), tools (scissors, etc), instruments (binoculars, compasses, spectacles, etc), or nouns such as: arms, ashes, barracks, clothes, congratulations, earnings, (good) looks, outskirts, people, police, premises, riches, stairs, surroundings, wages, etc. • Group nouns refer to a group of people. These nouns can take either a singular or a plural verb depending on whether we see the group as a whole or as individuals. Such group nouns are: army, audience, class, club, committee, company, council, crew, crowd, headquarters, family, jury, government, press, public, staff, team, etc. The team was the best. (the team as a group) The team were all given medals. (each member separately as individuals) • With expressions of duration, distance or money meaning ‘a whole amount’ we use a singular verb: Two years is long to wait. Three miles is a long way to go. Nine thousand pounds is a high price to pay. Test 6. Fill in: is or are. 1. Your trousers _____ in the wardrobe. 2. Where______ his scissors? 3. There_____ a lecture on history today. 4. The shopping________ heavy. 5. Where_____ my gloves? 6. This information______ correct. 7. His hair_____ brown. 8. My socks_____ in the drawer. 9. Our furniture_____ very cheap. 10. His accommodation_____ luxurious. 11. Evidence_____ needed before the trial can continue. 12. The news_____ very exciting. 13. Mumps_____ a common illness among children. 14. My glasses_____ on the table. 15. Chinese_____ difficult to learn. 16. Where_____ the kitchen scales? 17. Billiards_____ a popular game. 18. His work_____ very interesting. 19. People_____ starving in some countries. 20. Education_____ the key to his success. Test 7. Fill in: is or are. 1. Where_____ your trousers? 2. Could you tell me where_____ the scissors? 3. Tonight, there _____ athletics on TV. 4. Money_____ easy to spend and difficult to save. 5. Gloves_____ worn in cold weather. 6. This student’s knowledge_____ amazing. 7. Love_____ reason for much happiness. 8. This bread_____ stale. 9. Your jeans_____ on the chair. 10. His baggage_____ too heavy to carry. 11. Her advice _____ very interesting. 12. Mathematics_____ his favourite subject. 13. Measles_____ a common illness. 14. The glasses_____ on the table. 15. My sister’s hair_____ long. 16. Their bathroom scales_____ quite accurate. 17. Darts _____ a popular game in Britain. 18. This work_____ too hard. 19. People_____ unhappy with the new tax system. 20. The police_____ near. Test 8. Choose the correct form of the verb. 1. Economics (is/are) his favourite subject. 2. The trousers he bought for her (doesn’t/don’t) fit her. 3. The police (want/wants) to interview men about the robbery. 4. Physics (was/were) my best subject at school. 5. Can I borrow your scissors? Mine (isn’t/aren’t) sharp enough. 6. The news (wasn’t/weren’t) as bad as we expected. 7. Where (does/do) your family live? 8. Four days (isn’t/aren’t) long enough for a good holiday. 9. He can’t find his binoculars. Do you know where (it is/they are)? 10. Do you think the people (is/are) happy with the government? 11. (Does/Do) the police know how the accident happened? 12. She doesn’t like hot weather. Twenty-eight degrees (is/are) too warm for her. 13. The staff at school (is/are) not happy with their new working conditions. 14. Thirty thousand pounds (was/were) stolen in the robbery. 15. Two years (is/are) a long time to be without job. 16. Five miles (is/are) a long way to walk every day. 17. I need more money. Six pounds (is/are) not enough. 18. These species (is/are) very rare. 19. My hair (is/are) dark brown. 20. His watch (need/needs) repairing. Test 9. Choose the correct form of the verb. 1. All of her belongings (was/were) in a suitcase. 2. Athletics (is/are) very popular nowadays. 3. Aerobics (do/does) people a lot of good. 4. Chocolate (makes/make) you put on weight. 5. Most people (enjoy/enjoys) Easter. 6. The money she makes (is/are) enough for her. 7. The police (is/are) looking for the murderer. 8. His good looks (get/gets) him what he wants. 9. The government (is/are) passing new laws. 10. Her knowledge of English (is/are) very good. 11. Measles, which (is/are) a children’s disease, (is/are) dangerous for adults. 12. The audience (was/were) given free tickets. 13. The economics (is/are) very interesting. 14. His death (was/were) a great shock. 15. Fish (is/are) easy to look after as pets. 16. Radio news (give/gives) us less information than television news. 17. The stairs to the ground floor (was/were) over there. 18. The information (was/were) very helpful. 19. His glass (is/are) on the table. 20. There (is/are) toast on the dish. 2. PRONOUNS  2.1. PERSONAL PRONOUNS Test 1. Fill in the correct personal pronouns. 1. She is very handsome. I envy______. 2. They are not reliable. He doubts ______. 3. I taught her.______ learned it from ______. 4. We asked for his advice.______ advised______ not to come. 5. He dislikes her, and______ hates ______, it’s evident. 6. You should be there on time. I want______ to come on time. 7. She is from England,______ gave me lessons in English. 8. They are our friends. We invited______ to the party. 9. He wrote this letter. I recognized______ by his handwriting. 10. ‘Did you see the snake?’ ‘Yes, I saw______ and ______saw______.’ 11. ‘Where’s Tom?’ ‘That’s ______over there.’ 12. ‘Where’s my map?’ ‘I left ______on the desk.’ 13. Look at that bird. ______always comes to my window. 14. ‘What time is ______?’ ‘______ is four.’ 15. ‘Who is that?’ ______‘ ’s me.’ 16. Hi, it is so nice to see ______again. 17. ______doesn’t matter. 18. I like when ______’s warm. 19. I find______ difficult to explain anything to him. 20. You are not guilty of ______, are you? Test 2. Fill in the correct personal pronouns. 1. Who is that woman? Why are you looking at ______? 2. Do you know that man? I work with ______. 3. I’m talking to you. Please listen to ______. 4. These books are interesting. Do you want to look at ______? 5. He likes that camera. He’s going to buy ______. 6. Where are the tickets? I can’t find ______. 7. We’re going out. You can go with ______. 8. I don’t like dogs. I’m afraid of ______. 9. Where is he? I want to talk to ______. 10. These plums are bad. Don’t eat ______. 11. I want those pencils. Please give______ to ______. 12. They want the money. Please give______ to ______. 13. He wants the key. Please give______ to______. 14. He never drinks milk. He doesn’t like ______. 15. I often go to the parties. ______like ______. 16. ‘Where are my glasses?’ ‘______ are on the table.’ 17. Where’s Dan? I want to talk to ______. 18. We’re going shopping. Do you want to go with ______? 19. I want to see him but______ doesn’t want to see ______. 20. I don’t know those people. Do you know ______? 2.2. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS Test 3. Fill in the correct possessive pronouns. 1. This book belongs to me. This is ______book. 2. The man put______ hand into pocket. 3. The cat ate______ food. 4. She took out______ purse and gave it to me. 5. My husband never wears______ glasses. 6. This is their car. That other car is______ too. 7. May I introduce to you one of______ colleagues? 8. There were a lot of people coming back from ______work. 9. Every season is beautiful in ______own way. 10. They would like a house of______ own. 11. I’ll try______ best, I promise. 12. Each country has______ own customs. 13. He cut______ finger this evening. 14. Lend me______ pen, I’ve lost ______. 15. They’re going to London with some students of ______. 16. This is not my pencil, ______is red. 17. I haven’t got a pen. Can you give me ______? 18. Take off______ coat, please. 19. I saw them. This is______ car. 20. Ann is married.______ husband works in a bank. Test 4. Fill in the correct possessive pronouns. 1. They have two children but I don’t remember______ names. 2. I often see that man but I don’t know______ name. 3. Pete is a teacher but______ sister is a nurse. 4. Do you like______ job? 5. Do you think that most people are happy in ______jobs? 6. Put on______ hat when you go out. 7. We are going to invite all______ friends to the party. 8. ______favourite sport is tennis. She plays a lot in summer. 9. He didn’t have an umbrella, so she gave him ______. 10. He was very happy because we invited him to stay with us in______ house. 11. You’ll give me your address and I’ll give you ______. 12. I gave him my address and he gave me ______. 13. I saw Liz and Philip with______ son, Bill. 14. He invited Ann with ______parents. 15. We live with ______parents. 16. Oxford is famous for______ university. 17. I can’t find ______ticket. 18. The County of Kent is famous for______ gardens. 19. My sister plays tennis too but______ favourite sport is basketball. 20. Mr and Mrs Brown live in Paris but______ son lives in London. |