История. Методические указания и контрольные задания для студентов заочной формы обучения по всем специальностям
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III. Переведите на русский язык. 1. The teacher is always listened to carefully. 2. This book is much spoken about. 3. The old parents will be looked after. 4. His wife will be operated on. 5. The keys are being looked for everywhere. 6. She must go. She is being waited for. 7. The girl was often laughed at. 8. My friend can always be relied on. IV. Преобразуйте следующие предложения из действительного залога в страдательный. They have looked for the letter everywhere. 2. Our friend had visited us. 3. We will have papered the room by 12 tomorrow. 4. I published the article two years ago. 5. Some people don’t look after their pets properly. V. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите на русский язык. ( смотрите вариант 1) 4 КУРС МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ ПО ВЫПОЛНЕНИЮ ДОМАШНЕЙ КОНТРОЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ № 4 Чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу № 4 необходимо усвоить следующие темы курса английского языка: Условные предложения. Типы вопросов. Задание5. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите на русский язык. ТЕКСТ №1 -для нефтяных специальностей- ТЕКСТ №2 - для специальностей «Экономика…» и «Страховоедело» - ТЕКСТ №3 -для специальности «Программирование…» ТЕКСТ №4 - для специальности «Техническое обслуживание….» Контрольная работа № 4 по английскому языку для студентов 4 курса заочного отделения Вариант 1 I. Употребите нужную форму сослагательного наклонения в придаточном предложении. 1. Mother would take me with her if I ____. a) had wanted b) wanted c) would want 2. He would have told you the whole story if it ____ worth of it. a) were b) had been c) was 3. She would have understood this grammar rule if the teacher ___ it properly. a) have explained b) would explain c) had explained II. Употребите нужную форму сослагательного наклонения в главном предложении. 1. If she had known that you were ill she ____ to see you. a) would come b) will come c) would have come 2. If I knew that it was sli ppery I ____. a) didn’t drive b) wouldn’t have driven c) wouldn’t drive 3. If you had followed the instructions you ____ a bad mark. a) wouldn’t get b) won’t get c) wouldn’t have got 4. If I had got up early I ____ the bus. a) would catch b) would have caught c) caught III. Поставьте глагол в скобках в нужную форму сослагательного наклонения. 1. If I (know) about the film, I would have watched it. 2. If she didn’t call me, I (not know) about your arrival. 3. If he (to let to know) about the meeting yesterday, I (come). 4. If I (be) you, I would have seen them off. 5. You wouldn’t have had so many accidents if you (drive) more carefully. IV. Переведите предложения на русский язык 1. If you learn the words, you will write the test well. 2. If you worked better, you would get a higher salary. 3. If he got seriously ill, I would be very sorry. 4. Will you tell him the truth, if he asks you? 5. If he were at home he would answer the phone. 6. My favourite team wouldn’t have lost the last game, if they had trained more. V. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите на русский язык. 1. Для нефтяных специальностей- What Can be Made From One Barrel of Oil? 2.Для специальностей «Экономика…» и «Страховоедело» - 3.Для специальности «Программирование…» 4. Для специальности «Техническое обслуживание….» ТЕКСТ №1 The history of oil barrel. (Для нефтяных специальностей) Oil Barrel In the worldwide oil industry, an oil barrel is defined as 42 US gallons, which is about 159 liters. Oil companies that are listed on American stock exchanges typically report their production in terms of volume and use the units of bbl, Mbbl (one thousand barrels), or MMbbl (one million barrels) and occasionally for widest comprehensive statistics the Gbbl (or sometimes Gbl) denoting a billion. The measurement of an “oil barrel” originated in the early Pennsylvania oil fields. The Drake Well, the first oil well in the US, was drilled in Pennsylvania in 1859, and an oil boom followed in the 1860s. When oil production began, there was no standard container for oil, so oil and petroleum products were stored and transported in barrels of different shapes and sizes. Some of these barrels would originally have been used for other products, such as beer, fish, molasses or turpentine. Both the 42-US-gallon (159 l) barrels (based on the old English wine measure), the tierce (159 litres) and the 40-US-gallon (151.4 l) whiskey barrels were used. Also, 45-US-gallon (170 l) barrels were in common use. The 40-gallon whiskey barrel was the most common size used by early oil What Can be Made From One Barrel of Oil? Many people think of crude oil as a thick, black liquid that is used to source our unquenchable thirst for gasoline. However, the reality is that each barrel of oil is refined to be used in a variety of applications that includes fuel, cosmetics, plastics, rubber, and candle wax. Here is everything that can be made from just one barrel of oil: Enough gasoline to drive a medium-sized car over 450 km (280 miles). Enough distillate fuel to drive a large truck for almost 65 km (40 miles). If jet fuel fraction is included, that same truck can run nearly 80km (50 miles). Nearly 70 kWh of electricity at a power plant generated by residual fuel. About 1.8 kg (4 lbs) of charcoal briquettes. Enough propane to fill 12 small (14.1 ounce) cylinders for home, camping or workshop use. Asphalt to make about 3.8 L (one gallon) of tar for patching roofs or streets. Lubricants to make about a 0.95 L (one quart) of motor oil. Wax for 170 birthday candles or 27 wax crayons. But that’s not all. After producing all of the above products, there’s also enough petrochemicals leftover to be used as a base for one of the following: • 39 polyester shirts; • 750 pocket combs; • 540 toothbrushes; • 65 plastic dustpans; • 23 hula hoops; • 65 plastic drinking cups; • 11 plastic telephone housings; • 135 four-inch rubber balls. Oil has thousands of applications. The above serves as one example of how a barrel could be used, but here’s a list of many other oil applications. It includes everything from guitar strings to antihistamines. Whatever your opinion is of fossil fuels, it’s still pretty astonishing what can be produced out of each barrel of oil. ТЕКСТ №2. Marketing As defined by the committee on definitions of the American Marketing Association, marketing is "the performance of business activities directed toward and incident to, the flow of goods and services from producer to consumer or user." Today discovering demand, managing demand, and physically supplying demand constitute the three major divisions of Marketing effort undertaken by many firms. Marketing management approached this status in the 1950's when the General Electric Company enunciated a policy declaring that "marketing begins with the consumer." By discovering and filling unmet wants, its marketing program was designed to produce what General Electric could sell because customers had certain unmet wants. Subsequently, having what you could sell instead of trying to "high pressure" customers into buying what you have required provided the use of marketing research and environment "scanning" of conditions affecting business. The key concept of market selection and product planning is the Product Life Cycle. It predicts that any product passes through various stages between its life and death (introduction - growth - maturity - decline). So companies can make better marketing decisions if they find out where each of their product stands in its life cycle. ТЕКСТ №3. «INTRODUCTION TO THE WWW AND THE INTERNET». Millions of people around the world use the Internet to search for and retrieve information on all sorts of topics in a wide variety of areas including the arts, business, government, humanities, news, politics and recreation. People communicate through electronic mail (e-mail), discussion groups, chat channels and other means of informational exchange. They share information and make commercial and business transactions. All this activity is possible because tens of thousands of networks are connected to the Internet and exchange information in the same basic ways. The World Wide Web (WWW) is a part of the Internet. But it's not a collection of networks. Rather, it is information that is connected or linked together like a web. You access this information through one interface or tool called a Web browser. The number of resources and services that are part of the World Wide Web is growing extremely fast. In 1996 there were more than 20 million users of the WWW, and more than half the information that is transferred across the Internet is accessed through the WWW. By using a computer terminal (hardware) connected to a network that is a part of the Internet, and by using a program (software) to browse or retrieve information that is a part of the World Wide Web, the people connected to the Internet and World Wide Wide Web t  hrough the local providers have access to a variety of information. Each browser provides a graphical interface. You move from place to place, from site to site on the Web by using a mouse to click on a portion of text, icon or region of a map. All sorts of things are available on the WWW. One can use Internet for recreational purposes. Many TV and radio stations broadcast live on the WWW. Essentially, if something can be put into digital format and stored in a computer, then it's available on the WWW. You can even visit museums, gardens, cities throughout the, world, learn foreign languages and meet new friends. And of course you can play computer games through WWW, competing with partners from other countries and continents. ТЕКСТ №4. The Attack on Britain's Environment Most of the Western nations have the same basic environmental problems, but they take different forms in each country. Here you can read about some of the dangers facing Britain's environment. Air Pollution One of Britain's environmental successes has been the control of air pollution, especially in London. Thirty years ago hundreds of people died every year from the dreadful London smogs. Since then London and some other cities have become "smokeless zones", areas where no coal fires are allowed. But now the increase in traffic is threatening serious air pollution in our cities again. Noise Pollution Traffic and aircraft can cause serious noise pollution. Aircraft are very noisy when they take off and the noise spreads over a wide area. Heathrow airport, near London, is one of the busiest airports in the world. Planes are only allowed to take off and land at Heathrow between six in the morning and eleven at night, but during the day fifty planes take off and land there every hour. Water Pollution There has been bad pollution of Britain's rivers, and the government has tried to stop it. There are now strict laws against water pollution, though it still quite often happens accidentally. Britain and France share the problem of oil pollution from the Channel. This has caused great damage to beaches and wildlife. Cars and Roads The need for new roads causes great environmental difficulties. They often spoil the countryside and bring noise and air pollution to thousands of homes. Since 1958 the population of Britain has increased by 11 per cent, but the number of cars has increased by 400 per cent. Cars cause other problems too: thousands of people die in car accidents; car parks use valuable space in towns and cities; cars use a lot of our limited amount of oil. Friends of the Earth suggest that the bicycle is the best way to travel because it's cheap, quiet and riding it keeps you healthy. However, there are far fewer cyclists in Britain than in some other European countries, so our roads aren't built for cycling. It can be dangerous to cycle in large cities as British motorists don't seem to notice cyclists. Some people think that only buses and bicycles should be allowed in our city centres. Контрольная работа № 4 по английскому языку для студентов 4 курса заочного отделения Вариант 2 I. Употребите нужную форму сослагательного наклонения в придаточном предложении. 1. I wouldn’t have translated the text if I ____ all the grammar rules concerning conditional sentences. a) didn’t know b) haven’t known c) hadn’t known 2. She would have understood this grammar rule if the teacher ___ it properly. a) have explained b) would explain c) had explained 3. He would have told you the whole story if it ____ worth of it. a) were b) had been c) was II. Употребите нужную форму сослагательного наклонения в главном предложении. If she works hard, she_______ English well. a) will know b) had known c) was know 2. If they are hungry, they _______their lunch. a) had have b) will have c) have been 3. If you had followed the instructions you ____ a bad mark. a) wouldn’t get b) won’t get c) wouldn’t have got 4. If I had got up early I ____ the bus. a) would catch b) would have caught c) caught III. Поставьте глагол в скобках в нужную форму сослагательного наклонения. 1. If mum were in, she (answer) the phone. 2. If you (pass) your examination, I would give you a present. 3. I wouldn’t have taken the dictionary home if I (know) that it was the only one you had. 4. If he knew that the road was dangerous he (not drive). 5. I would have helped them if I (be) you. IV. Переведите предложения на русский язык. 1. If I were you I wouldn’t find fault with him. 2. If I had had more time, I would have made a larger cake. 3. If you were younger, you couldn’t go to see this film. 4. If I meet him, I shall ask him to see to the tickets. 5. If I were you, I wouldn’t have my hair cut. 6. If the weather were fine tomorrow I would go to the country. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите на русский язык. ( смотрите вариант 1) . |