Английский. КЗ_по_англ.яз_для_ИДО_кадастр (1). Методическое письмо для студентов заочного и дистанционного отделений, изучающих
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Спряжение глагола ‘to be’
а) словарное значение – ‘быть кем-то’, ‘чем-то’;‘находиться где-то’; б) вспомогательный глагол для образования а) Passive Voice; б) Continuous Tense; в) модальное значение долженствования; г) глагол-связка в именном составном сказуемом. 1. A standard is defined by the British Standards Institution (BSI) as ‘a published document that contains precise criteria designed to be used consistently as a rule, guide line, or definition’ 2. My friend will be a photographer. 3. The townwas destroyed by the earthquake. 4. This firmis designing a new type of TV sets. 5. The students are to be at the lecture. 6. The three weeks before mid-June, are the best for making climbing on Everest. 7. Another serious problem was the corruption among some members of the government. Глагол ‘TO HAVE’
1. They have (have got) five children. 2. The secretary hasn’t finished her work yet. 3. I have my TV set repaired. 4. They don’t have to devorce (разводиться). 5. They have lived in this town for 30 years. 6. I use a computer for my job, and I have to have a lot of meetings with all the other people who work with me. 7. Though the unemployed have so far been concentrated on middle and old-age groups in Japan, we now find that a growing number of youth cannot find jobs after graduation from high schools. Глагол ‘TO DO’
IV. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на многофункциональность глагола ‘todо’:а) словарное (смысловое) значение – «делать», «выполнять»; б) вспомогательный глагол, формы: (do, does, did) для образования вопросительной и отрицательной форм в Present и PastIndefinite; в) для замены смыслового глагола во избежание повторения; г)усилительный глагол, формы: (do, does, did) перед инфинитивом смыслового глагола. 1. They didn’t have a good time. 2. I don’t like to do such exercises. 3. You do write a letter to him. 4. Did they leave for Moscow?” Yes, they did. 5. The first computers (like Colossus) did not have computer chips; they used glass tubes. 6. Because today’s computer chips are so fast, modern PCs can do amazing things. V. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения прилагательных; подчеркните в предложениях формы сравнения (таблица с. 21).1. He often spends more money than he earns (зарабатывает). 2. The more he studies the problem, the more he likes it. 3. Your translation is better than mine. 4. Mount Everest, is the world’s highest peak. 5. This method of work is the most efficient. 6. The possibilities of this enterprise are much greater than those of this one. 7. The availability of smaller, more powerful and less expensive computing equipment made electronic data processing within the reach of small business and the home user. VI. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод личных, неопределённых и отрицательных местоимении, (таблица с. 29). 1. He earns some extra money teaching computer studies at a private computer school. 2. Give me something to eat, I’m very hungry. 3. Nobody will do this work better than this specialist. 4. The doctor could not consult anybody on that day. 5. No one heard anything about the expedition. 6. The book is somewhere on the shelf (полка). 7. Creative resources can now be accessed anywhere in the world. VII. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на особенности определений, выраженных именем существительным. 1. There are many picture galleries and museums in this small town. 2. He teaches computer studies. 3. The laboratory equipment was very modern. 4. The first boat competition was organized in the 19th century. 5. The ridge (череда гор, хребет) divides the Arctic Ocean into two major basins, and it influences water circulation, and ice movement. 6. The design of an information system produces the details that state how a system will meet the requirements identified during systems analysis. 7. Data base development requires experienced personnel. VIII. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на многофункциональность местоимения “it”:а) личное местоимение 3-го лица ед. ч. (он, она, оно) заменяет ранее упомянутое неодушевлённое существительное; б) указательное местоимение «это» (синоним местоимения this); в) прямое дополнение, если “it” следует за сказуемым; г) формальное подлежащее в безличных предложениях (в этом случае “it” не переводится); д) “it” – в составе усилительной конструкции, itis … that, who, which (обычно переводят ’именно‘). 1. It is our institute that trains specialists in the field of optics, cartography and geodesy. 2. We knew everything about it. 3. The scope of economics is indicated by the facts with which it deals. 4. It is known that he was a professional musician. 5. The method makes it possible to obtain interesting results. 6. Henry Ford built a hospital in Detroit. It had the highest standard of comfort and equipment. 7. It is in our teens that we learn about the staples that make our financial diet – the basics that will apply throughout our life. IX. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его форму и видо-временнуюформу и залог.1. Sorry I’m late. I got held up in the traffic. 2. The solution of the problem will require concentrated efforts of many research scientists (учёных-исследователей). 3. Many bridges, tunnels and signaling systems are now reaching a dangerous state of fatigue and are considered too expensive to replace. 4. New technologies were being invented and applied to the manufacture of cotton and wool, iron, transportation and agriculture at that time. 5. An extensive programme of cleaning and restoration of historic buildings especially in towns, where centuries of grime (грязь) have been deposited, has been under way for several years. 6. There are several techniques for protecting oneself from radiation, that have been worked out by our specialists. 7. The structures humans build undergo chemical and physical weathering, just as rocks and minerals do. Задание: переведите текст ‘English as a world language’ устно, а подчеркнутые предложения – письменно, с. 21; выполните грамматический анализ по заданиям, предложенным преподавателем. |