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учебник по английскому. УЧЕБНИК. Сборник упражнений по всем разделам английской грамматики. Упражнения основаны на несложной лексике. Они содержат достаточно материала для запоминания основных грамматических форм и выработки навыков их применения.


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НазваниеСборник упражнений по всем разделам английской грамматики. Упражнения основаны на несложной лексике. Они содержат достаточно материала для запоминания основных грамматических форм и выработки навыков их применения.
Анкоручебник по английскому
Дата11.06.2022
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Имя файлаУЧЕБНИК.doc
ТипСборник упражнений
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ParticipleIи ParticipleII.

1. a) A letter sent from St. Petersburg today will

be in Moscow tomorrow.

  1. He saw some people in the post office send­ing telegrams.

  2. When sending the telegram, she forgot to write her name.

2. a) Some of the questions put to the lecturer

yesterday were very important.

  1. The girl putting the book on the shelf is the new librarian.

  2. While putting the eggs into the basket, she broke one of them.

3. a) A fish taken out of the water cannot live.

  1. A person taking a sunbath must be very care­ful.

  2. Taking a dictionary, he began to translate the text.

4. a) A line seen through this crystal looks double.

  1. A teacher seeing a mistake in a student's dictation always corrects it.

  2. Seeing clouds of smoke over the house, the girl cried, "Fire! Fire!"

5. a) The word said by the student was not correct,
b) The man standing at the door of the train

carriage and saying goodbye to his friends is a well-known musician.

Причастие309

с) Standing at the window, she was waving her hand. 6. a) A word spoken in time may have very im­portant results.

  1. The students speaking good English must help their classmates.

  2. The speaking doll interested the child very much.

  3. While speaking to Nick some days ago, I for­got to ask him about his sister.

Упражнение 380

Выберите из скобок требующуюся форму причас­тия.

1. a) The girl (writing, written) on the blackboard

is our best pupil, b) Everything (writing, written) here is quite right.

2. a) We listened to the girls (singing, sung) Rus-

sian folk songs, b) We listened to the Russian folk songs (sing­ing, sung) by the girls.

3. a) The girl (washing, washed) the floor is my

sister, b) The floor (washing, washed) by Helen looked very clean.

4. a) Who is that boy (doing, done) his homework

at that table? b) The exercises (doing, done) by the pupils were easy.

5. a) The house (surrounding, surrounded) by tall

trees is very beautiful, b) The wall (surrounding, surrounded) the house was very high.

310 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Причастие

311


  1. Read the (translating, translated) sentences once more.

  2. Name some places (visiting, visited) by you last year.

  3. I picked up the pencil (lying, lain) on the floor.

  4. She was reading the book (buying, bought) the day before.




  1. Yesterday we were at a conference (organizing, organized) by the pupils of the 10th form.

  2. (Taking, taken) the girl by the hand, she led her across the street.

  3. It was not easy to find the (losing, lost) stamp.

  4. I shall show you a picture (painting, painted) by Hogarth.

  5. Here is the letter (receiving, received) by me yesterday.

  6. Do you know the girl (playing, played) in the garden?

  7. The book (writing, written) by this scientist is very interesting.

  8. Translate the words (writing, written) on the blackboard.

  9. We could not see the sun (covering, covered) by dark clouds.

  10. The (losing, lost) book was found at last.

  11. (Going, gone) along the street, I met Mary and Ann.

  12. Look at the beautiful flowers (gathering, gath­ered) by the children.

  13. His hat (blowing, blown) off by the wind was lying in the middle of the street.

  14. "How do you like the film?" he asked, (turn­ing, turned) towards me.

  15. When we came nearer, we saw two boys (com­ing, come) towards us.

  16. I think that the boy (standing, stood) there is his brother.

Сравните употребление Present Participle и Perfect Participle

buying покупая having bought купив

Упражнение 381

Раскройтескобки, употребляяглаголыв Present Participle или Perfect Participle.

1. (to do) his homework, he was thinking hard. 2. (to do) his homework, he went for a walk. 3. (to sell) fruit, he looked back from time to time, hop­ing to see his friends. 4. (to sell) all the fruit, he went to see his friends. 5. (to eat) all the potatoes, she drank a cup of tea. 6. (to drink) tea, she scald­ed her lips. 7. (to run) in the yard, I fell and hurt my knee. 8. (to look) through some magazines, I came across an interesting article about UFOs. 9. (to write) out and (to learn) all the new words, he was able to translate the text easily. 10. (to live) in the south of our country, he cannot enjoy the beauty of St. Petersburg's White Nights in summer. 11. (to talk) to her neighbour in the street, she did not no­tice how a thief stole her money. 12. (to read) the story, she closed the book and put it on the shelf.

  1. (to buy) some juice and cakes, we went home.

  2. (to sit) near the fire, he felt very warm.



«1

Формы причастия




Active

Passive

Present Perfect Past

writing having written

being written having been written written

312 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Причастие313




Как переводить разные формы причастия на русский язык

Формы причастия

Как их переводить

причастием

деепричастием

reading

читающий

читая

having read



прочитав

being read

читаемый

(т. е. который читают)

будучи читаемым

(т. е. когда его читали), будучи прочитанным

(т. е. когда его прочи­тали)

having been read



будучи прочитанным

(т. е. когда его прочитали)

read

прочитанный



building

строящий

строя

having built



построив

being built

строящийся

(т. е. который строят)

будучи строящимся

(т. е. когда его строили) будучи построенным

(т. е. когда его построили)

having been built



будучи построенным

(т. е. когда его построили)

built

построенный



Упражнение 382

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастия.

1. The boy lay sleeping when the doctor came. 2. The broken arm was examined by the doctor.

3. While being examined, the boy could not help cry­ing. 4. Having prescribed the medicine, the doctor went away. 5. The medicine prescribed by the doctor was bitter. 6. The dress bought at the department store was very beautiful. 7. While using a needle, you should be careful not to prick your finger. 8. While crossing the street, one should first look to the left and then to the right. 9. People watching a perform­ance are called an audience. 10. Being very ill, she could not go to school. 11. The first rays of the ris­ing sun lit up the top of the hill. 12. The tree struck by lightning was all black and leafless. 13. Being busy, he postponed his trip. 14. The door bolted on the inside could not be opened. 15. Having been shown the wrong direction, the travellers soon lost their way. 16. The room facing the garden is much more comfor­table than this one. 17. Having descended the moun­tain, they heard a man calling for help. 18. Flushed and excited, the boy came running to his mother. 19. He stood watching the people who were coming down the street shouting and waving their hands.

Обратите внимание на способы перевода на английский язык русских причастий

CD

S 1-

о

СО

о.

П.

действи­тельный залог

несовер­шенный вид

бросающий, бросавший

throwing

нельзя1

совершен­ный вид

бросивший

нельзя1

страда­тельный залог

несовершен­ный вид

бросаемый

being thrown

совершен­ный вид

брошенный

thrown

1 Действительное причастие совершенного вида (а также не­совершенного вида прошедшего времени) может быть переве­дено на английский язык только придаточным определитель­ным предложением (who threw, who has thrown, who had thrown).

314 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Причастие

315




Обратите внимание на способы перевода на английский язык русских деепричастий:

О

S

1-о

СО

о.

с.

G) G)

d

действи­тельный залог

несовершен­ный вид

бросая

throwing

совершен­ный вид

бросив

having thrown

страда­тельный залог

несовершен­ный вид

будучи бросаемым

being thrown

совершен­ный вид

будучи брошенным

being thrown having been thrown

Упражнение 383

Переведите следующие русские причастия и де­епричастия на английский язык.

Приносящий, принесенный, принося, принеся, переводящий, переведенный, переводя, переведя, давая, написав, читающий, берущий, данный, про­читав, сделанный, пьющий, сказанный, будучи по­терянным, нарисовав, написавший, делая, взятый, взяв, рисуя, выпитый, сделав, идя, пишущий, про­читанный, дав, рисующий, делающий, нарисован­ный, выпив, говорящий, беря, написанный, читая, идущий, дающий, сказав, сидевший, посмотрев, бу­дучи забыт, строящий, строящийся, играя, поиграв, рассказанный, рассказавший, видя, принесший, будучи принесенным, построенный, продав.

Упражнение 384

В следующих предложениях употребите, где возмож­но, причастия вместо глаголов в личной форме. Из­меняйтеконструкциюпредложения, гденеобходимо.

1. When he was running across the yard, he fell. 2. When I was going home yesterday, I kept think-

ing about my friend. 3. He put on his coat, went out and looked at the cars which were passing by. 4. She closed the book, put it aside and looked at the children who were running about in the yard. 5. As the book was translated into Russian, it could be read by everybody. 6. As we were given dictionar­ies, we managed to translate the article easily. 7. As soon as I have done my homework, I shall go for a walk. 8. As soon as I have bought the book, I shall begin reading it.

Упражнение 385

Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся фор­му причастия.

1. (to write) in very bad handwriting, the letter was difficult to read. 2. (to write) his first book, he could not help worrying about the reaction of the critics. 3. (to spend) twenty years abroad, he was happy to be coming home. 4. (to be) so far away from home, he still felt himself part of the family. 5. She looked at the enormous bunch of roses with a happy smile, never (to give) such a wonderful present be­fore. 6. (not to wish) to discuss that difficult and painful problem, he changed the subject. 7. (to translate) by a good specialist, the story preserved all the sparkling humour of the original. 8. (to ap­prove) by the critics, the young author's story was accepted by a thick magazine. 9. (to wait) for some time in the hall, he was invited into the drawing room. 10. (to wait) in the hall, he thought over the problem he was planning to discuss with the old lady. 11. They reached the oasis at last, (to walk) across the endless desert the whole day. 12. (to lie) down on the soft couch, the exhausted child fell asleep at once. 13. She went to work, (to leave) the child with the nurse. 14. (to phone) the agency, he left (to say) he would be back in two hours.


317
316 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Упражнение 386

Замените выделенные части предложений при­частными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо.

1. When he arrived at the railway station, he

bought a ticket, walked to the platform and boarded the train. 2. As he was promised help, he felt calmer. 3. After he was shown in, he was told to take off his coat and wait for a while. 4. Robin-son started the building of the house at once and finished it before the season of rains set in. 5. He poured out a cup of coffee, sat down in an armchair and looked at the wom­an who was sitting opposite him. 6. When he had left the house and was crossing the street, he suddenly stopped as he remembered that he had forgotten to phone his friend. 7. He looked at me and hesitated: he did not know what to say. 8. As he had long lived in those parts and knew the place very well, he easily found his way to the marketplace. 9. He has no lan­guage problems, because he has been studying En­glish for a long time. 10. After I had written this exer­cise, I began to doubt whether it was correct. 11. Take care when you cross the street. 12. Students should always be attentive when they are listening to the lec­turer. 13. There are many students who study music. 14. Don't you feel tired after you have walked so much?

Упражнение 387

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя тре­бующуюся форму причастия.

1. Артистка, рассказывающая детям сказки по радио, знаменита на всю страну. 2. Ребенок всег­да с интересом слушает сказки, рассказываемые няней. 3. Рассказывая ребенку сказки, она гово­рит разными голосами, имитируя героев сказок. 4. Рассказав ребенку сказку, она пожелала ему

Причастие

спокойной ночи. 5. Сказка, рассказанная няней, произвела на ребенка большое впечатление. 6. Моя бабушка, рассказавшая мне эту сказку, живет в маленьком домике на берегу озера.

Упражнение 388

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя тре­бующуюся форму причастия.

1. Мальчик, бегущий мимо дома, вдруг остано­вился. 2. Будучи очень занят, он не сразу услы­шал меня. 3. Услышав шаги, он поднял голову. 4. Выпив чашку чая, она почувствовала себя луч­ше. 5. Играя в саду, дети не заметили, что стало темно. 6. Подойдя к двери, он открыл ее. 7. Том по­дошел к смеющейся девочке. 8. Он положил на стол смятое письмо. 9. Плачущая девочка была голод­на. 10. Бабушка смотрела на детей, играющих во дворе. 11. Она любит смотреть на играющих детей. 12. Сделав уроки, дети пошли гулять. 13. Лежа на диване, он читал книгу. 14. Принеся свои игрушки в комнату, ребенок начал играть. 15. Прочитав мно­го книг Диккенса, он хорошо знал этого писателя.

Независимый причастный оборот (NominativeAbsolute
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