Практика перевода_сем. 5 (2). Семинар 5 Лексические переводческие трансформации. Трансформации добавления и опущения. Замены и их виды
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Практика перевода Семинар 5 Лексические переводческие трансформации. Трансформации добавления и опущения. Замены и их виды дифференциация, конкретизация (значений), б) генерализация (значений), смысловое развитие, в) антонимический перевод, г) целостное преобразование, компенсация потерь в процессе перевода. Литература. 1. Семенов А.Л. Основы общей теории перевода и переводческой деятельности.– М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2008, Гл. 4 2. Комиссаров В.Н. Теория перевода. М., «Высшая школа». 1990, Гл. VII. 3. Бархударов Л.С. Язык и перевод. М.: Международные отношения, 1975. – сс. 210 – 231. I. Переведите предложения, используя прием добавления при передаче выделенных слов и словосочетаний. 1. If convicted, he could face life in prison. 2. Safety and environmental considerations have kept restructuring costs high. 3. It is general knowledge that Susan has already confessed to the crime. 4. Georgine hesitated, then shook her head. 5. He was wearing a velvet jacket with frogged fastening, reminiscent of a Victorian smoking jacket. 6. Do you know what I'd really like now? What I need is a good strong black coffee. There's a chance of any, I suppose? 7. We heard small arms fire, but the resistance fought back. 8. United Airlines was forced to seek new financing after the Government denied its bid for $1 bn loan guarantee. 9. De Beers yesterday admitted that production problems had left it unable to keep up with raising gem demand. 10. The policeman wavedmeon. II. Переведите предложения, используя прием опущения при переводе выделенных слов и словосочетаний. 1. The Liberal Democrats have to fight for each and every seat and about the only weapon they have in that fight is their membership. 2. The Japanese have a strong aesthetic sense: they beautify, embellish, adorn and decorate everything they touch. 3. The present urgency, while not as great to you personally, warrants an equal sacrifice of your comfort, and convenience. 4. Nowadays society is more complex and government listens mainly to specialized opinion, which requires MPs to concentrate on a small number of issues and causes. 5. Even the ebullient Dr. Benson was remote and withdrawn. 6. Dr. Kennedy remained stiff and unbending. 7. Commander David Tucker, the head of the anti-terrorist squads said the bombs were unjustifiable, dangerous and destined to injure and maim and disrupt London. 8. Despite the chaos and disruption of London's busy streets, thousands of commuters struggled into work. 9. Once I turned back to music I really and truly enjoyed, then a kind of success came. 10. He apologized for his wife who was not able to come and call on us. III. Переведите предложения, используя прием генерализации при передаче выделенных слов или словосочетаний. 1. То each one he nodded, his usual eighth-of-an inch nod, then turned to me and demanded, "The refreshments, Archie?" 2. I didn't see him that evening because mother wanted me to drive down to Wiltshire with her to spend the Saturday night and Sunday with my brother. 3. Blair was determined to put every ounce of influence and political capital into one more push for a workable two-state solution. 4. She walked up the lane to the place where she had parked the Yamaha. 5. What Tale was taking wasn't coffee. He had just grasped the bottle of Courvoisier and was about to tip a further measure into the already half-full glass. 6. The Liberal Democrats are disproportionately middle-class. Three quarters work (or before retirement worked) in a salaried occupation. Only one in twenty is working class. 7. Even serious broadsheets have carried a story about a fly in a boxed lunch. IV. Переведите предложения, содержащие отрицание, используя прием антонимического перевода. 1. Не suffered from anorexia, an eating disorder, which is rare in young men but not unknown. 2. The lieutenant was known as a stickler for discipline and a bit pompous with it; but he was not an unpopular officer. 3. His appearance was never less than dignified. He was tall with a face of surprising ascetism. 4. He was not unenthusiastic about science and technology. 5. They were not unhelpful but seemed to take it axiomatic that he was stupid and idle. 6. I remember when Sarah was no more than a schoolgirl she could swim across the lake. 7. He took the cake to the bird table, not without an uneasy glance back to see if anyone was watching him. 8. Young women are not invulnerable, but heart disease typically strikes women in their late 50s or 60s. That's about ten years later than it does men. 9. Dealing with football fans required different methods. But it cannot be impossible to devise ways of dealing with them. 10. Exhausted though I was, I had never felt less like sleep in my life. |