Топики по английскому языку. Топики Тексты для чтения Экзаменационные вопросы Цветкова И. В. Клепальченко И. А
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MY MEALS It goes without saying that I prefer to have meals at home. At the weekend I like to get up late and have a good breakfast of scrambled eggs, or pancakes, or something like that. But on weekdays I'm always short of time in the morning. So I just have a cup of strong tea or coffee and a couple of sandwiches. As I spend a lot of time at school (usually eight or nine hours) it's necessary to have a snack at midday just to keep me going. That's why I have to go to the school canteen to have lunch. Our school canteen leaves much to be desired. It has become a tradition with our canteen to serve chops and watery mashed potatoes every day with a glass of cocoa or stewed fruit. But I enjoy my evening meal at home. My mother is a wonderful cook and her dinners are always delicious and various. To begin with, we usually have some salad - - tomato and cucumber salad or mixed salad (I like it very much). For the first course we have some soup — noodle, mushroom or cabbage soup, or maybe some fish soup for a change. For the main course we have meat, chicken or fish dishes, for example, steak or fried fish with spaghetti or potatoes (boiled or fried). We also have a lot of vegetables — green peas, carrots, tomatoes, cucumbers. I prefer meat to fish but my mother makes me eat fish from time to time. She says it's good for my brains. For dessert we have some fruit, fruit juice or just a cup of tea with a slice of cake. On Sundays we sometimes go to McDonald's. I like everything there: cheeseburgers, hamburgers and Big Macs, apple pies and fruit cocktails. But unfortunately we can't afford to go there very often, because it's rather expensive for a family and besides, they say it's not very healthy to eat at McDonald's. Vocabulary it goes without saying само собой разумеется couple ['1<лр1] пара, два to prefer [pitfe:] предпочитать, отдавать sandwich ['sanwid3] бутерброд, сандвич предпочтение to have a snack перекусить scrambled eggs rskraembld 'egzl яичница pancakes [-paenkeiks] блины, оладьи to keeP smb 8ОШ« Д™ поддержания сил short of time не хватает времени canteen [kaen'ti:n] столовая leaves much to be desired [di'zaiad] оставляет желать лучшего to serve ['S3:v] обслуживать, подавать a chop котлета watery ['wo:tri] водянистый mashed f'maejt] potatoes картофельное пюре cocoa f'kaukau] какао stewed fruit ['stju:d 'fru:t] компот delicious [di'lijas] вкусный various [vearias] разнообразный to begin with для начала salad f'saelad] салат tomato [ta'ma:t9u] помидор cucumber ['kju:kamba] огурец mixed [mikst] смешанный noodle ['nurdlj soup куриный суп с лапшой mushroom ['rmjru:m] soup грибной суп cabbage ['ksebidj] soup щи for a change для разнообразия steak [steik] кусок мяса, лангет, бифштекс spaghetti [spa'geti] спагетти to boil [boil] варить to fry [frai] жарить green peas [pi:z] зеленый горошек carrot ['kaerat] морковь to make smb do smth заставлять кого-либо делать что-либо from time to time время от времени brain [brein] мозг dessert [di'za:!] десерт juice [d3u:s] сок slice [slais] ломтик, кусочек cheeseburger ['tji:zb3:ga] чизбургер (бутерброд с бифштексом и сыром) hamburger ['МзетЬз:дэ] гамбургер (булочка с руб- леным бифштексом) Big Mac [,big 'maek] Биг Мак (фирменное название многослойного бутерброда) apple pie [pai] пирог (пирожок) с яблоками fruit cocktail ['kokteil] фруктовый коктейль unfortunately [An'fortjhitii] к сожалению to afford [a'fo:d] позволять себе they say говорят... it's not very healthy [tieiei] зд. вредно для здоровья Questions 1. How many meals a day do you usually have? 2. What do you usually have for breakfast? 3. Where do you have lunch (dinner)? 4. How many courses does your lunch (dinner) usually consist of? 5. What is your favourite dish? 6. What vegetables do you like? 7. What do you usually have for dessert? 8. How often do you eat out? 9. Have you ever eaten at McDonald's? 10. Some people say that eating at a restaurant is a waste of money. Do you agree? 11. Can you cook? 12. Do you agree that the best cooks in the world are men? AT THE DOCTOR'S Is there anything more important than health? I don't think so. "Health is the greatest wealth," wise people say. You can't be good at your studies or work well when you are ill. If you have a headache, heartache, toothache, backache, earache or bad pain in the stomach, if you complain of a sore throat or a bad cough, if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold in your head, or if you suffer from high or low blood pressure, I think you should consult a doctor. The doctor will examine your throat, feel your pulse, test your blood pressure, take your temperature, sound your heart and lungs, test your eyes, check your teeth or have your chest X-rayed. After that he will prescribe some treatment, pills, tablets or some other medicine which we can buy at the chemist's. He will recommend you to stay in bed for some time, because there might be serious complications. The only thing you have to do is to follow his recommendations. Speaking about doctors' recommendations, I can't help telling you one funny story. An old gentleman came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He complained of weakness, insomnia, memory loss and serious problems with his heart, lungs and liver. The doctor examined the patient and said that no medicine could cure his desease. Do you want to know what the doctor's advice was? He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest. He also advised him to eat a lot of meat, drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks. In other words, the doctor recommended him to follow the rule: "Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is." The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn't smoke more than one cigarette a day. A month later the gentleman came into the doctor's office. He looked cheerful and happy. He thanked the doctor and said that he had never felt a healthier man. "But you know, doctor," he said, "it's not easy to begin smoking at my age." Vocabulary health [helG] здоровье wealth [we!6] богатство wise [waiz] мудрый to be good at studies хорошо учиться headache ['hedeik] головная боль heartache ['ha:teik] боль в сердце toothache ['tu:Oeik] зубная боль backache ['bsekeikj боль в спине или в пояснице earache f'iareik] боль в ухе bad pain сильная боль stomach ['st/unak] желудок; живот to complain [kam'plein] of жаловаться на sore throat [.so: 'Graut] боль в горле cough [kof] кашель to run a high temperature ['tempritfa] иметь высокую температуру bad cold in one's head сильная простуда to suffer ['SAfa] from страдать от blood pressure ['blAd ,preja] кровяное давление to consult [kan'sAlt] a doctor обратиться к врачу to examine [ig'zaemin] осмотреть to feel one's pulse [рл!з] проверить пульс to test one's blood pressure измерить кровяное давление to take one's temperature измерить температуру to sound one's heart and lungs [IAQZ] прослушать сердце и легкие to test one's eyes проверить зрение to check one's teeth проверить зубы to have one's chest X-rayed ['eksreidj сделать рентген грудной клетки to prescribe [pri'skraib] прописать (лечение), выписать (рецепт) treatment ['trhtmantj лечение pill пилюля tablet ['taeblit] таблетка medicine ['medsan] лекарство at the chemist's ['kemistsj в аптеке complication [jompli'keijn] осложнение to follow one's recommendations следовать рекомендациям I can't help telling я не могу не рассказать weakness ['wi:knis] слабость insomnia [irrsomnia] бессоница memory loss потеря памяти liver [live] печень patient ['peifantj пациент to cure [kjua] излечивать desease [di'zhz] болезнь quiet f'kwaiat] тихий, спокойный to have a good rest хорошо отдохнуть to take long walks много ходить пешком rule [ru:l] правило Eat at pleasure ['р!езэ], drink with measure ['meja] and enjoy life as it is. Ешьте вволю, пейте в меру и наслаждайтесь жизнью. to be well хорошо себя чувствовать to smoke [smauk] курить cheerful ['tfiaful] бодрый at my age [eid3] в моем возрвсте Questions 1. Do you agree with the saying "Health is the greatest wealth"? 2. The doctor recommended his patient to follow the rule: "Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is." What do you think of this piece of advice? 3. When were you last ill? What did you complain of? 4. Did you see the doctor? 5. Did you have to stay in bed? 6. What treatment did the doctor prescribe? 7. How long did it take you to get well? 8. Have you ever had complications after a disease? Which did you take harder, the disease itself or the complications after it? 9. What do you usually do when you have a headache? 10. How often do you go to the dentist to check your teeth? 11. How long does it usually take you to recover from cold? 12. Have you ever been operated on? Was it serious? Hobbies and Pastimes HOBBIES Hobbies differ like tastes. If you have chosen a hobby according to your character and taste you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting. Hobbies are divided into four large classes: doing things, making things, collecting things, and learning things. The most popular of all hobby groups is doing things. It includes a wide variety of activities, everything from gardening to travelling and from chess to volleyball. Gardening is one of the oldest of man's hobbies. It's a well-known fact that the English are very fond of gardening and growing flowers, especially roses. Both grown-ups and children are fond of playing different computer games. This is a relatively new hobby but it's becoming more and more popular. Making things includes drawing, painting, making sculpture, designing costumes, handicrafts. Two of the most famous hobby painters were President Eisenhower and Sir Winston Churchill. Some hobbyists write music or play musical instruments. Almost everyone collects something at some period in his life: stamps, coins, matchboxes, books, records, postcards, toys, watches. Some collections have no real value. Others become so large and so valuable that they are housed in museums and galleries. Many world-famous collections started in a small way with one or two items. People with a good deal of money often collect paintings, rare books and other art objects. Often such private collections are given to museums, libraries and public galleries so that others might take pleasure in seeing them. No matter what kind of hobby a person has, he always has the opportunity of learning from it. By reading about the things he is interested in, he is adding to what he knows. Learning things can be the most exciting aspect of a hobby. Names Eisenhower ['aiznhaua] Эйзенхауэр (президент Winston Churchill [,winsten 'tfaitjil] Уинстон Черчилль США с 1953 по 1961г.; знаменитый генерал (известный политический деятель, премьер-министр американской армии во время IIмировой войны) Великобритании во время IIмировой войны) Vocabulary character ['kaerakta] характер taste [teist] вкус according [a'ko:dio] to по, согласно to include [in'klu:d] включать variety [va'raiati] разнообразие activity [aek'tiviti] занятие gardening f'ga:dnio] садоводство grown-up [удгэип'лр] взрослый (человек) relatively ['retetivli] относительно, сравнительно drawing [-dro:ig] рисование painting ['peintiij] живопись sculpture ['skAlptJa] скульптура to design [di'zain] создавать, моделировать, конструировать costume ['kostju:m] одежда, костюм handicraft ['haendikrarft] ремесло, ручная работа hobbyist f'hobiist] любитель, человек имеющий определенное хобби to collect [ka'lekt] собирать stamp марка coin монета matchbox спичечный коробок record ['reko:d] пластинка postcard ['paus(t)ka:d] почтовая открытка value [vaelju:] ценность valuable ['vaeljuabl] ценный, дорогой to house [hauz] помещать, размещать in a small way в малом масштабе, понемногу item ['aitam] предмет a good deal of много rare [геэ] редкий private ['praivit] частный, личный to take pleasure in получать удовольствие от no matter what kind of hobby a person has чем бы человек ни увлекался opportunity [ppa'tju:niti] возможность to add добавлять exciting [ik'saitirj] увлекательный, захватывающий aspect f'aespekt] аспект, сторона Questions 1. Tastes differ. Can you say the same about hobbies? 2. Have you chosen a hobby according to your character and taste? 3. Which hobby groups do you know? 4. The most popular hobby group is doing things, isn't it? What kind of activities does this group include? 5. What do you know about gardening? 6. Do you like computer games? 7. Are you fond of making things? 8. Do you know any famous hobbyists? 9. Have you ever collected anything? 10. What can be collected? 11. Do you know of any private collections that were given to museums or art galleries? 12. Do you agree that learning can be the most exciting aspect of a hobby? MY FRIEND'S HOBBY My friend Nick is very busy and he doesn't have much time to spare. But he's got a lot of hobbies and interests. Five years ago Nick was fond of collecting stamps. His hobby helped him to learn a lot about other countries and other peoples' traditions, the world's flora and fauna. Maybe that's why he was good at geography and biology at school. He used to bring the albums to school and we examined his stamps with great interest and envy. Sometimes he exchanged stamps with his schoolmates. When Nick was in the tenth form his parents bought him a compact disc player and Nick decided to collect compact discs. Today, he has got more than one hundred CDs of his favourite groups and singers! I think that he is very proud of his collection. Every time Nick buys a new CD he carefully studies the information printed on disc booklets. He also tries to find out everything about the singers he likes. That's why he reads a lot of specialised magazines and books on the history of rock. Nick never misses MTV shows — he thinks he must keep up with the news in the world of music. He says he likes all types of music except "rave". He even writes letters to some fan-clubs in other countries, so he has to brush up his English. Nick never misses a concert of his favourite group. He brings his compact discs to the concert and asks the singers for their autographs. But in spite of his new hobby, Nick sometimes sits in his room and looks through his albums of stamps (with his earphones on, of course). Names MTV [,em ti: 'vi:] = music television (24-часовой музыкальный канал американского телевидения) Vocabulary time to spare ['spea] свободное время flora f'fkxra] растительный мир fauna ['fo:na] животный мир to be good at быть способным к envy f'envi] зависть to exchange [iks'tjeind3] обмениваться schoolmates школьные друзья compact disc ['kompaekt 'disk] player проигрыватель компакт-дисков booklet ['buklit] вкладыш (к компакт-дискам) specialised ['spejalaizd] специализированный to keep up with быть в курсе, не отставать rave [reiv] рейв (музыкальный стиль) to brush up освежать (в памяти), восстанавливать fan-club клуб любителей (той или иной группы) autograph ['o:tsgra:f] автограф Questions 1. Nick doesn't have much time to spare, does he? 2. Why was he good at geography and biology at school? 3. What is his new hobby? 4. Why does Nick try not to miss MTV shows? 5. Do you think his English is good? 6. Have you ever written a fan letter to your favourite singer? 7. Are you fond of listening to music? 8. What kind of music do you prefer? 9. Do you play any musical instruments? 10. Have you ever collected anything? 11. What is your hobby? 12. What is your best friend's hobby? 13. Which of your friends collects stamps (records, compact discs, etc)? 14. Do you watch MTV? 15. How do you usually spend your leisure (['1езэ] досуг) time? |