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Английский методичка. Учебное пособие для развития навыков устной речи на английском языке Омск Издательство Омгту 2009 удк 004 811. 111(075)


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Федеральное агентство по образованию




Государственное образовательное учреждение

высшего профессионального образования

«Омский государственный технический университет»


Т. В. Акулинина, Н. П. Андреева,

Л. Н. Ложникова


ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ

И КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ
Учебное пособие для развития навыков устной речи

на английском языке

Омск

Издательство ОмГТУ

2009

УДК 004:811. – 111(075)

ББК 32.81 + 81.2 Англ-923

А44
Рецензенты:
Т.В. Ощепкова, канд. филол. наук, доцент ОмГПУ;

К.Ю. Симонова, канд. филол. наук, доцент СибГУФК


Акулинина, Т. В.

А44 Информационные технологии и компьютерные системы: учеб. пособие для развития навыков устной речи на ан­гл­и­й­ском языке / Т.В. Акулинина,
Н.П. Андреева, Л.Н. Ложникова. – Омск: Изд-во ОмГТУ, 2009. – 88 с.
ISBN 978-5-8149-0759-2
Учебное пособие содержит оригинальные тексты по специальности на английском языке для студентов II курса факультета информационных технологий и компьютерных систем. Каждый раздел (Unit) содержит познавательный материал для изучения терминологии, словообразования компьютерных терминов, обучения чтению с последующим обсуждением, а следовательно, развитию навыков устной речи по специальности.

Предназначено для студентов II курса дневного отделения факультета информационных технологий и компьютерных систем и аспирантов.

Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета

Омского государственного технического университета

УДК 004:811. – 111(075)

ББК 32.81 + 81.2 Англ-923

ISBN 978-5-8149-0759-2


© ГОУ ВПО «Омский государственный

технический университет», 2009



ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Целью данного пособия является развитие навыков устной коммуникации на английском языке по специальностям факультета, основанных на глубоких знаниях терминологии, использовании творческих заданий при работе с лексическим минимумом по профессиональным темам, а также на использовании разнообразных клише и разговорных формул при обсуждении оригинальных текстов.

При отборе текстового материала в качестве основного критерия послужили информативная ценность текстов и их соответствие интересам студентов данной специальности. Большинство текстов взято из оригинальных английских и американских источников.

Данное пособие представляет собой материал, способствующий взаимосвязанному обучению основным видам иноязычной речевой деятельности, готовит обучаемых к монологической и диалогической речи по темам специальностей для сферы профессионального общения.

Пособие состоит из двух частей. В I часть входят: введение в специальности и 5 разделов (Units) по основным профессиональным направлениям факультета информационных технологий и компьютерных систем. Структура каждого раздела (Unit) включает в себя: вокабуляр, который закрепляется упражнениями; оригинальные тексты, диалоги, которые сопровождаются упражнениями, направленными на выработку умений устной коммуникации. Разделы содержат также и грамматический справочный материал, который затем отрабатывается в упражнениях, направленных на усвоение вокабуляра, а также на развитие коммуникативных навыков. Каждый раздел завершается контрольными вопросами по данной тематике. II часть включает в себя алгоритм составления описательных аннотаций к дополнительным текстам по специальностям факультета, список базовых клише для обсуждения дополнительных текстов, дополнительные оригинальные тексты для внеаудиторной проработки, а также упражнения, способствующие развитию навыков разговорной речи в сфере профессиональной коммуникации. Дополнительные тексты сопровождаются контрольными вопросами.

PART I

INTRODUCTION

The information technologies and computer system facility


  1. Прочитайте и запомните слова и словосочетания:


bachelor – бакалавр

the course of studies – курс обучения

broad engineering educationширокое техническое образование

skills – навыки

to get skills – приобрести навыки

general education subjects – общеобразовательные предметы

both … and – как … так и

algebra of logic – алгебра логики

research of operation – исследование операций

theory of automatic regulation – теория автоматического управления

to train – обучать

to master – осваивать

to get practice – проходить практику

to have practice – проходить практику

to make course projects – делать курсовые проекты

to defend a diploma project – защищать дипломный проект

topic – тема


  1. Установите соответствие между русскими и английскими эквивалентами.


  1. Всестороннее техническое
    образование

  2. Общеобразовательные предметы

  3. Приобрести навыки

  4. Алгебра логики

  5. Теория автоматического
    управления

  6. Осваивать, овладевать

  7. Проходить практику

  8. Тема

  9. Защищать дипломный проект

  10. Обучать






  1. To train

  2. Broad engineering education

  3. To have, to get practice

  4. Theory of automatic regulation

  5. Algebra of logic

  6. To get skills

  7. To master

  8. General educational subjects

  9. Topic

  10. To defend a diploma project




III. Прочитайте следующие интернациональные слова и переведите их на русский язык.

  1. Bachelor

  2. Course

  3. Algebra of logic

  4. Theory

  5. Practice

  6. A diploma project


IV. Составьте предложения.

  1. A diploma project, in the fifth year, to defend.

  2. Last summer, had, students, computer center, practice.

  3. To train, our faculty, specialists, in different fields.

  4. Course projects, usually, have, students, in the fourth year, of their study.

  5. To master, a profession, means, in this field, to get skills.

  6. Is not considered, general educational subject, algebra of logic, to be.

  7. To study, both and, general, subjects, special, subjects, students.

  8. To get, at the university, students, broad engineering education.

  9. Our professor, in the theory of automatic regulation, said, would, that, read, lectures, he.

  10. The research of operation, topic, our, new, is.


V. Переведите и сделайте обратный перевод следующих предложений.

  1. My future speciality is closely connected with the faculty of information technologies and computer systems.

  2. The faculty trains specialists for advanced branches of science and industry.

  3. Our faculty provides broad engineering education and practical skills.

  4. The students study both general educational subjects and engineering ones.

  5. The course of studies for engineers lasts 5 years and for bachelors it lasts 4 years.

  6. To get skills in mastering new methods students have practice both in different laboratories and computer centers.

  7. In the 5th year students can make contracts with industrial and economic enterprises.

  8. In the last year of their studies students are to defend diploma projects.

  9. The students make course projects to acquire profound knowledge in different subjects.

  10. The students of the faculty of information technologies and computer systems take an active part in the world championships on internet.

  11. Our students have all the possibilities to become excellent specialists in different branches of science, information technologies and computer aided design.


VI. Завершите предложения, используя следующие выражения.

5 years, both laboratories and computer centers, make contracts, to acquire profound knowledge, to become excellent specialists, information technologies and computer systems, broad engineering education and practical skills, trains specialists, to defend diploma projects.


  1. The faculty……… for advanced branches of science and industry.

  2. Our faculty provides……………………………………………….

  3. In the last year students are………………………………………..

  4. The students make course projects to……………………………...

  5. The course of studies for engineers lasts…………………………..

  6. To get skills in mastering new methods students have practice……….

  7. In the 5th year students can……………………………………………

  8. Our students have all the possibilities…………………………………….

  9. My future speciality is………………………………………………………

  10. Our faculty provides………………………………………………………..




    1. Прочитайте и переведите словосочетания.

To study in the information technologies and computer systems facility,

To train specialists a course of studies,

To get practical skills,

To design and test computer elements,

To study engineering subjects,

To make new methods,

To have practice at the computing center,

To make course projects,

To make contracts,

To defend a diploma project,

To get necessary data.


    1. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.

  1. What specialists does the faculty of information technologies and computer system train?

  2. What subjects do the students study?

  3. What skills do the graduates get?

  4. How long does the course of studies for engineers last?

  5. What is the course of studies for bachelors?

  6. What about teaching staff?

  7. What does a prediploma practice help to get?


My speciality

I am a student of the Omsk State Technical University. My future speciality is closely connected with the facility of information technologies and computer systems. The faculty trains specialists for advanced branches of science and industry linked with modern information technologies and automatic control.

The faculty provides broad engineering education and practical skills in designing and testing computer elements and systems. The students study both general educational subjects and engineering ones. Among those they study higher mathematics, algebra of logic, machine languages (Pascal, C, C ++), technology of programming, research of operation, theory of cooling, foreign languages, theory of automatic regulation electronics and microelectronics, elements of computers and so on.

In the first year students are divided into engineers and bachelors. The course of studies of engineers lasts 5 years, for bachelors – 4 years. After that bachelors can continue their studies and receive magister diploma.

To get skills in mastering new methods students have practice both in different laboratories and in the university computer center. Some students can do practice with the help of home computers. Our university computing center is equipped with IBM PC 486 computers. These computers have very good software and peripherals.

Besides the students make course projects in all the years to acquire profound knowledge in different subjects.

In the third year students can make contracts with industrial or economic enterprises.

The training of the future specialists is performed by highly qualified teaching staff. The graduates get skills in mastering new methods of system analysis and designing by new information technologies and information processing. They can work in different areas of human activity with modern computers, workstations, computer networks and Internet.

In the last year the students are to defend diploma projects. A prediploma practice helps them to get necessary data for a diploma project, the topic being chosen according to their interests and future work.

The students of the facility of information technologies and computer system take an active part in the world championships on Internet, and they have all the possibilities to become excellent specialists in different branches of science, information technologies and computer aided design.



    1. Запросите дополнительную информацию у своего товарища.

  1. Do you work in Internet?

  2. What do you think new technologies of the information processing?

  3. What computer networks are used in the computing center?

  4. Where do you want to work in future?

  5. What helps you to acquire profound knowledge in different subjects?

  6. What about diploma project?

  7. Do you take part in world championships on Internet?




    1. Перескажите текст.




    1. Представьте, что вы агитируете абитуриента, говорящего только по-английски, подать заявление на вашу специальность, рекламируя ее актуальность. Не пользуясь записями, постарайтесь сказать несколько фраз на эту тему.

Контрольные вопросы

1. What does your future speciality include?

2. In what fields of industry can you be involved after graduating from the university?

3. What is the difference between a specialist and a bachelor?

4. What special subjects do you study?

5. How is the computer center equipped?

6. Where can the students get practical skills?

7. Have you already chosen the topic of your diploma project?

8. What is necessary to take part in the world championships on Internet?

9. Is it difficult to master your speciality?

10. Where would you like to work in future?
Unit 1

Program, design and computer language


  1. Прочитайте и выучите новые термины и терминосочетания:

Programming – программирование

Program – программа

Set of instructions – набор инструкций

Solution – решение

To execute – выполнять

Specific task – определенная задача

Machine code – машинный код

Symbolic languages – символические языки

Assembly language – язык «Ассемблер»

Software – программное обеспечение

Low-level languages – языки низкого уровня программирования

Hardwareаппаратное обеспечение

High-level languages – языки высокого уровня программирования

To resemble – быть похожим

Compiler, interpreter – компилятор, интерпретатор

Fortran – язык программирования для выполнения научных и математических приложений

Cobol – язык программирования, используемый в бизнесе

Basic – язык программирования как обучающий язык

Visual basic – язык программирования, используемый для создания windows-приложений

С – язык программирования, используемый для написания программного обеспечения систем, графиков и коммерческих программ

Java – язык программирования, используемый для работы на
web-страницах

Java applets небольшие программы, которые работают автоматически на web-страницах и позволяют Вам включать музыку и игры

Markup languages – языки, которые используются для создания web-документов

HTML код, используемый для создания web-страниц

Voice XML предлагает доступ в интернет посредством узнавания речи по телефону (Вы можете использовать телефон для доступа к звуковым web-сайтам)

Pascal язык программирования, используемый для обучения основам программирования

Object code код, который преобразует программу в машинный код за один шаг

Markup tags инструкции для форматирования текстовых файлов


  1. У

    1. basic language which consists of binary codes

    2. programming language such as C. Java or Visual BASIC

    3. writing computer programs

    4. low-level language translated into machine code by an assembler

    5. software which converts a source program into machine code

    6. language used to create and format documents for the Web

    7. small self-contained program written in Java


    становите соответствие между терминами программирования и дефинициями.


1. programming

2. machine code
3. assembly language

4. high-level language
5. Java apples
6. compiler
7. markup language



  1. З
    HTML dial VoiceXML commands speech recognition
    аполните пропуски в статье о языке программирования Voice XML словами из рамки.



Internet: Voice recognition takes off

You don't need a sophisticated cell phone to surf the Internet when you're on the road - just your own voice. That's the idea behind a new breed of voice service that is popping up all over the place. Subscribers (1) …………a toll-free phone number and use spoken (2) ……………to listen to anything from weather conditions to stock quotes, or flight information to news stories. Half a dozen of these services – su­ch­ as Audiopoint, BeVocal, TellMe and TelSurf Networks – have already gone live or are testing their systems.

These launches are all happening because two crucial technologies have come of age.

(3) software from companies such as Lucent, Nuance and Speechworks can now understand a wide range of accents and diction without having to be trained to a specific voice. And computer languages such as VoiceXML make it as easy to write voice

services as (4) ……………has made it to write web pages. With (5)……………….the human voice becomes a substitute for a computer mouse and the spoken command for a click. It doesn't, however, call up conventional web pages, but content which is specially composed for a telephone:

sound clips, numbers, music, spoken texts. The Economist


  1. Обратите внимание на слова, данные перед упражнением. Какие это части речи? Обозначьте их: n – существительное, v – глагол, adj. – прилагательное.

Заполните пропуски в предложениях соответствующими частями речи.

Program_____ programmers______ programming_____ programmabl­e­_­_______

1. __________ is the process of venting a program using a computer language.

2. A computer _________ is a set of instructions that tells the computer how to do a specific task.

3. Most computer __________ make a plan of the program before they write it.

4. A _______ keyboard allows the user to configure the layout and meaning of the keys

Compile________ compiler________ compilation_________

5. Programs written in a high-level language require ________ - that is, translation intomachine cone, the language understood by the processor.

6. A source program is converted into machine code by software called a ________

7. Programmers usually ______ then programs to generate an object program and
diagnose possible errors.

Bug ______ debug ______ debugger ________ debugging _______

8. Any error or malfunction of a computer program is known as a ________

9. A ________ is a program used to test and _____________ other programs.

10. The process of going through the code to identify the cause of errors and fixing them is called.


  1. Прочитайте информацию об инфинитиве и составьте предложение.

a). The infinitive

The infinitive with to is used in the following ways:

  • To express purpose

We use symbolic languages to communicate instruction to the computer.

(= in order to communicate...)

Not: ... for to communicate

  • After adjectives

BASIC was widely used in the past because it was easy to learn.

Machine code is too difficult to write.

(= not easy enough to write)

  • After certain verbs (e.g. afford, demand, plan, agree, expect, promise, appear, hope, refuse, arrange, learn, try, decide, manage)

A lot of companies are now trying to develop voice applications for web access.

  • After the object of certain verbs (e.g. advise, encourage, allow, expect, tell, ask, invite, want, enable, order, warn)

HTML allows us to describe how information will be displayed on web pages.

The bare infinitive (without to) is used in the following ways:

  • After modal verbs (e.g. can, could, may, might, will, would, must, should)

Unfortunately, computers can't understand spoken English.

High-level languages must be translated into machine code.

  • After the object with the verbs make and let

Programs make computers perform specific tasks.

b).

  1. not easy / write instructions in COBOL

It's not easy to write instructions in COBOL

  1. expensive / set up a data-processing area

  2. advisable / test the programs under different conditions

  3. unusual / write a program that works correctly the first time it's tested

  4. important / use a good debugger to fix errors

  5. easy/ learn Visual BASIC­




  1. Заполните пропуски соответствующими словами.

  1. We use high-level languages because machine code is too difficult __________ understand and debug.

a. read; b. reading; c. to read;

  1. I went on the course ________ how to be a better programmer.

a. lean; b. to learn; c. for to learn;

  1. I'm not interested in ___________ that computer language.

a. learn; b. learning; c. to learn;

  1. He refuses ____________ the project with me.

a. do; b. doing; c. to do;

  1. The engineers warned the employees not __________ the cables.

a. touch; b. touching; c. to touch;

  1. They may not _________ to the conference.

a. come; b. coming; c. to come;

  1. Spyware can make your PC ___________ more slowly.

a. perform; b. performing; c. to perform;

  1. This program is too slow __________ the simulation.

a. do; b. to do; c. for doing.


  1. Составьте предложение.

  1. Machine code, PC, execute, the only, can, is, directly.

  2. Makes, high-level languages forms, use, easier, which, resembling, programming, English.

  3. Java applets, that automatically on web-pages, run, are, programmes, small.

  4. To create, used, the languages, are called, web-document, markup languages.

  5. Makes, via, speech, recognition, phone, and, content, Internet, accessible, voice XML.


  1. Переведите английские слова и словосочетания.


1. Solution,

2. To execute,

3. Software,

4. Hardware,

5. To resemble,


6. Fortran,

7. Basic,

8. Markup languages,

9. Visual basic,

10. HTML.




  1. Выполните перевод и обратный перевод следующих английских
    выражени­й.


  1. We use symbolic languages to communicate instructions to the computer.

  2. The program is then translated into machine code by a piece of software called an assembler.

  3. To make the program easier to write, software developers designed high-level languages.

  4. Markup languages are used to create web-documents.

  5. Markup tags are used to format and link text files.

  6. HTML allows to describe how information will be displayed on web-pages.

  7. Voice XML is used to create visual application.

  8. Cabol (Common Business Oriented Language) was developed in 1959.

  9. Pascal was created in 1971 and it is used in universities to teach fundamentals of programming.

  10. Java was designed by Sun in 1995 to run on the web.




  1. Завершите предложение, пользуясь подсказкой.

  1. a. Fortran is used for scientific and …

b. Mathematical purposes …


  1. Fortran is a …

  2. High-level programming language …




  1. a. Low-level programming language are closer to …

  1. The hardware …




  1. To make the programs easier to write the software developers designed …

  2. High-level languages …


3. a. Basic was widely used in …

b. Microcomputer programming …
4. a. Pascal is used

b. to teach the fundamentals of programming
5. a. HTML allows to describe how information will be displayed

b. on web pages

6. a. HTML enables use to define our

b. own pages


  1. Прочитайте и переведите термины и терминосочетания.

Set of instructions, markup languages, solution, software, hardware, low-level languages, high-level languages, Visual Basic, C, Java applets, HTML, Fortran, Cobol, assembly language, to execute, symbolic languages, to resemble.


  1. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос: «Сколько языков высокого уровня программирования представлены в тексте?».

Unfortunately for us, computers can't understand spoken English or any other natural language. The only language they can understand directly is machine code, which consists of 1s and 0s (binary code).

Machine code is too difficult to write. For this reason, we use symbolic languages to communicate instructions to the computer. For example, assembly languages use abbreviations such as ADD, SUB, MPY to represent instructions. The program is then translated into machine code by a piece of software called an assembler. Machine code and assembly languages are called low-level languages because they are closer to the hardware. They are quite complex and restricted to particular machines. To make the programs easier to write, and to overcome the problem of intercommunication between different types of computer, software developers designed high-level languages, which are closer to the English language. Here are some examples:

FORTRAN was developed by IBM in 1954 and is still used for scientific and engineering applications.

COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language) was developed in 1959 and is mainly used for business applications.

BASIC was developed in the 1960s and was widely used in microcomputer programming because it was easy to earn. Visual BASIC is a modern version of the old BASIC language, used to build graphical elements such as buttons and windows in Windows programs.

PASCAL was created in 1971. It is used in universities to teach the fundamentals of programming.

C was developed in the 1980s at AT&T. It is used to write system software, graphics and commercial applications. C++ is a version of C which incorporates object-oriented programming the programmer concentrates on particular things (a piece of text, a graphic or a table, etc.) and gives each object functions which can be altered without changing the entire

program. For example, to add a new graphics format, the programmer needs to rework just the graphics object. This makes programs easier to modify.

Java was designed by Sun in 1995 to run on the Web. Java applets provide animation and interactive features a web pages.

Programs written in high-level languages must be translated into machine code by a compiler or an interpreter. A compiler translates the source code into object code - that is, it converts the entire program into machine code in one go. On the other hand, an interpreter translates the source code line by line as the program is running.


It is important not to confuse programming languages with markup languages, used to create web documents. Markup languages use instructions, known as markup tags, to format and link text files. Some examples include:

HTML, which allows us to describe how information will be displayed on web pages.

XML, which stands for EXtensible Markup Language. While HTML uses pre-defined tags, XML enables us to define our own tags; it is not limited by a fixed set of tags.

VoiceXML, which makes Web content accessible via voice and phone. VoiceXML is used to create voice applications that run on the phone, whereas HTML is used to create visual applications (for example, web pages).



< name> Andrea Finch

< homework> Write a paragraph describing the C language



In this XML example we have created two new tags: and .


  1. Прочитайте текст еще раз и ответьте на вопросы.

  1. Do computers understand human languages? Why?/ Why not?

  2. What is the function of an assembler?

  3. Why did software developers design high-level languages?

  4. Which language is used to teach programming techniques?

  5. What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?

  6. Why are HTML and VoiceXML called markup languages?



  1. Заполните пропуски в предложениях.

  1. ________ allows us to create our own tags to describe our data better. We aren't constrainer by a pre-defined set of tags the way we are with HTML.

  2. IBM developed _____ in the l 950s. It was the first high-level language in data processing.

  3. ________ applets are small programs that run automatically on web pages and let you watch animated characters, play games, etc.

  4. ________ is the HTML of the voice web. Instead of using a web browser and a keyboard, interact with a voice browser by listening to pre-recorded audio output and sending, audio input through a telephone.

  5. This language is widely used in the business community. For example, the statement ADDVAT NET-PRICE could be used in a _______ program.




  1. Перескажите текст.




  1. Прочитайте информацию о шагах программирования.

Steps in writing a program

To write a program, software developers usually follow these steps.

  • First they try to understand the problem and define the purpose of the program.

  • They design a flowchart, a diagram which shows the successive logical steps of the program.

  • Next they write the instructions in a high-level language (Pascal, C, etc.). This is called coding. The program is then compiled.

  • When the program is written, they test it: they run the program to see if it works and use special tools to detect bugs, or errors. Any errors are corrected until it runs smoothly. This is called debugging, or bug fixing.

  • Finally, software companies write a detailed description of how the program works, called program documentation. They also have a maintenance program. They get reports from users about any errors found in the program. After it has been improved, it is published as an updated version.




  1. Пользуясь информацией задания XVI, распределите шаги программирования в правильном порядке.

Document and maintain the program

Test the program and detect bugs

Make flowchart

Write code and compile

Analyze the problem

Debug and correct it if necessary

  1. Прочитайте информацию о том, как написать программу, и составьте диалог между разработчиком программного обеспечения и студентами группы подготовительных курсов по работе с компьютером, пользуясь данной информацией.

I’d like to begin the course by giving you a very basic overview of the programming process. We'll then move to the details. So, to write a program, we normally follow these steps:

A program usually provides a solution to a given problem - for example, how to calculate wages and income tax in a big company. First of all, you have to understand exactly what the problem is and define it clearly. This means you have to decide, in a general way, how to solve the problem. The next step is to design a step-by-­step plan of instructions. This usually takes the form of a flowchart, a diagram that uses special symbols to show how the computer works through the program - where it makes decisions, where it starts and ends, where data is input, things like that.

Next, you write the instructions in a programming language, like BASIC, Pascal or C. These computer instructions are called source code. Then you have to use a compiler, a special program that converts the source code into machine code - the only language understood by the processor, which consists of 1 s and Os.

Once you've written the program, you have to test it with sample data to see if there are any bugs or errors. The process of correcting these errors is called debugging. Computer programmers have to find the origin of each error, write the correct instruction, compile the program again, and test it until it works correctly.

Finally, you have to write program documentation, a detailed description of how to use the program. A great program is not much good unless people know how to use it.
Unit 2

Software Engineering

  1. Прочтите и запомните новые термины и терминосочетания.


program code – код программы

to design a solution – спроектировать решение

to clarify the problem – выявить проблему

to test the problem – испытать (проверить) задачу

to document and maintain the problem – задокументировать и обеспечить техническую поддержку программы

form of output – форма вывода

object-oriented programming – объектно-ориентированное программирование;

multimedia data types – типы мультимедийных данных

rectangle – прямоугольник

reusability code – код, который можно использовать вновь

executable modules – исполнительные (рабочие) модули

diverse data types – разнообразные типы (виды) данных

Triangles icon – изображение треугольника

a menu – меню

to synchronize – синхронизировать

Squares – квадраты

Rectangles – прямоугольники

debugging – настройка

user-interface – пользователь интерфейса

polymorphism – полиморфизм

graphical user interface – графический пользователь интерфейс

desktop – фоновый экран, представляющий картинки и файлы

files, folders – файлы

Unix – программное обеспечение Unix

Linux – программное обеспечение Linux

user-friendly – удобный, легкий в использовании

PALM OS – handheld operating system – переносная операционная система

RIM – research in motion

The Symbian OS – операционная система Симбиан, используемая изготовителями телефонов Nokia и Siemens

to launch a program – запустить программу

menu bar – ряд слов меню

scroll bar – горизонтальная или вертикальная полоса

server platform – платформа сервера

dock – набор картинок внизу на экране

applicant software – прикладная программа

operating system – операционная система

system software – системное программное обеспечение


  1. Установите соответствия между терминами на английском и русском языках.


  1. program code

  2. form of output

  3. object-oriented programming

  4. multimedia data

  5. diverse data

  6. rectangles

  7. debugging

  8. user-interface

  9. user-friendly

  10. PALM

  11. to launch a program

  12. menu bar

  13. scroll bar

  14. dock

  15. folders

  16. Desktop



1. файлы

2. запустить программу

3. пользователь интерфейса

4. настройка

5. разнообразные данные

6. объектно-ориентированное программирование

7. мультимедийные данные

8. форма вывода

9. код программы

10. прямоугольники

11. удобный в использовании

12. переносная операционная система

13. ряд слов меню

14. горизонтальная и вертикальная полоса

15. набор картинок внизу на экране

16. фоновый экран с картинками и файлами




  1. Прочитайте следующие интернациональные слова и переведите их на русский язык.

  1. program code

  2. problem

  3. multimedia

  4. synchronize

  5. menu




  1. Составьте предложения.

  1. is, the most, thing, important, in, information technology, object-oriented programming.

  2. refers, in order to, to, to interact computer, with, the term, the standard procedure, that follows, user-interface, the user.

  3. graphical user-interface, in, 1984, appeared, in Macintosh computer.

  4. makes use of, GUI, windows, icons, and pointers.

  5. including, Nokia and Siemens, the Symbian OS, by some, is used, phone makers.

  6. an open-source software, Linux, is.

  7. found, Unix, a multi-user system, is, on mainframes, and workstations.

  8. PALM OS, on PALM, devices, handheld, is used.

  9. might, called, be, an icon, a display screen, on Triangles.

  10. behind, OOP, a third, key feature, polymorphism, is.




  1. Вставьте пропущенные слова в предложения.
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