Инглиш. Judicial System of the Russian Federation Knowledge Test
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Judicial System of the Russian Federation Knowledge Test 1. The structure of the judicial system of the Russian Federation is determined by.... the Charter Party the Constitution the IMO Convention a Europe agreement 2. Which of the following doesn't the system of arbitration courts of the Russian Federation comprise? the Higher Arbitration Court Arbitration courts of subjects of the Russian Federation the International Arbitration Association Courts of arbitration districts 3. Federal laws concerning general jurisdiction are presented to... . the President of the Russian Federation the Russian Science Academy the Free Enterprise association the State Duma 4. The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is the supreme judicial body for the following cases, except religious criminal administrative civil 5. Judicial power in the Russian Federation is performed only by courts in the per sons of... . teachers and doctors judges and jurors students and professors politicians and leaders 6. Federal constitutional law is an integral part of... . system of knowledge railway system judicial system system of education 7. Which of the given below doesn't ensure the unity of judicial system of the Russian Federation? A) observance of the rules of court procedure b) application of the constitution of the Russian Federation с) acceptance of compulsory execution and judicial decisions d) financing of large corporations and small business 1. Introduction to the Judicial System of the Russian Federation The existing judicial system of the Russian Federation was formed and is being developed as a result of a judicial reform carried out in Russia from the beginning of the 90s with the purpose to create and maintain the judicial power in the state mechanism as an independent branch of power, free from political and ideological bias, independent in its activities from the executive and legislative branches of power. The structure of the judicial system of the Russian Federation and the sphere of activities of its various parts are determined by the Constitution and federal constitutional laws. The judicial system of the Russian Federation consists of: the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and constitutional courts of the republics and other subjects of the Russian Federation. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation considers cases relating to the copmpliance of the federal laws, normative acts of the President of the Russian Federation, the Council of the Federation, the State Duma, the Government of the Russian Federation, constitutions of republics, charters and other normative acts of the subjects of Russian Federation with the Constitution of the Russian Federation four-tiered system of courts of general jurisdiction. Three-tiered system of the military courts is an integral part of it. The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is the supreme judicial body of this branch ; three-level system of arbitration courts with the Higher Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation as a supreme judicial body competent to settle economic disputes and other cases considered by arbitration courts, exercise judicial supervision over their activities according to the federal law-envisaged procedural forms . The system of the arbitration courts comprises: arbitration courts of the subjects of the Russian Federation; courts of arbitration districts (10) and the Higher Arbitration Court. The system of general jurisdiction courts has the following structure: The first tier comprises all general jurisdiction rayon (district) courts-city, intermunicipal and equal to them - acting on the territory of Russia. Middle tier of general jurisdiction courts includes the supreme courts of the republics, kray (regional) , oblast(provincial) courts, city courts of Moscow and St.-Petersburg, courts of autonomous provinces and autonomous districts. The main tier of military courts the military courts of armies, fleets, garrisons and military formations. The middle tier of military courts consists of military courts of the branches of the Armed Forces, military districts, districts of antiaircraft defence, navy and separate armies. The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is the supreme judicial body for all courts of general jurisdiction, both civil and military. Rayon courts form the basis of the system of general jurisdiction courts of the Russian Federation. The law attributes to the jurisdiction of rayon courts all civil cases, overwhelming majority of criminal cases and cases relating to administrative offences. Rayon courts act as a higher judicial instance for the Justices of the Peace operating on the territory of the appropriate judicial district. Justices of the Peace are judges of the subjects of the Russian Federation and form an integral part of the system of courts of general jurisdiction, participating in the work of its bodies. Courts of general jurisdiction: of kray , oblast, city, of autonomous oblast and autonomous districts act as higher instance courts for rayon courts. The courts of this tier of the judicial system are empowered to carry out all the powers of a judicial instance, namely to examine cases as a first instance court in the order of cassation, by way of supervision and upon newly discovered evidence. They work in the following composition: presidium of the court, judicial panel for civil cases and judicial panel for criminal cases. -executive and legislative branches of power - исполнительная и законодательная ветвь власти, - ideological bias - идеологическое предубеждение; - normative acts - нормативные акты; - four-tiered system of courts - четырехуровневая система суда; - law-envisaged -предусмотренные законом; - overwhelming majority - подавляющее большинство, - administrative offences - административные нарушения. Ответ: Sources of law Russian legal system bases on primarily codes and statutes. The Constitution is the primary source of law in Russia. No laws adopted in the Russian Federation may contravene the RF Constitution. There are two types legislation enacted by Federal Assembly: federal laws and federal constitutional laws, which are the second most important sources of law. Russian legal system is not based on judge-made law. The RF Constitution envisaged the drafting of centralized uniform code of law for all the constituent entities. In Russian there are two forms legislation: legislative acts and acts of execution bodies. The existing judicial system of the Russian Federation was formed and is being developed as a result of a judicial reform, carried out in Russia from the beginning of the 90s with the purpose to create and maintain the judicial power in the state mechanism as an independent branch of power, free from political and ideological bias, independent in its activities from the executive and legislative branches of power. In all legal systems there are institutions for creating, modifying, abolishing and applying the law. Usually these take the form of hierarchy of courts. The court is a state body that administers justice on behalf of the state. In Russia there are about 14000 judges in 2500 courts of general jurisdiction on various levels. There are courts of first and second instance. A court in which a case is first heard is called the court of first instance. A court of original jurisdiction is one which first examines a case in substance and brings in a sentence or decision. A court of second instance is one, which examines appeals and protests against sentences and decisions of courts of first instance. Constitutional jurisdiction The Constitutional Court ensures that the laws and other normative acts passed or being considered by the supreme and local legislative branches are constitutional. There are work 19 judges in two chambers of the Court. Constitutional courts of subjects is also belongs to the system of constitutional jurisdiction. General jurisdiction The Supreme Court is the highest judicial body for civil, criminal, family, labor, administrative and other cases. It gives the court interpretation on the issues of court practice. The system of general jurisdiction consists of: Justices of the Peace Rayon Courts Regional Courts the Supreme Court. It deserves mentioning that the structure of military courts includes into system of general jurisdiction. The structure of military courts: Garrison Military Courts Naval Military Courts the Military Collegium of the Supreme Courts. This courts deal on matters of military. The basic judicial body is the district court. It tries both criminal and civil cases. It is also the duty of the district courts to protect the electoral rights of citizens. They are courts of appellate jurisdiction towards the Justice of the Peace. Each of the upper courts performs as an appellate instantion for lower courts. Justices of the peace are judges of the subjects of the RF and form an integral part of the system of courts of general jurisdiction. Arbitrage jurisdiction The Higher Arbitration Court is the highest judicial body for setting economic and business disputes and other cases examined by courts of arbitration. The structure of arbitration courts: Arbitrage Courts of the Subjects Arbitrage Appellate Court Federal Arbitrage Courts of Regions and as I have already sad the highest instance is the High Arbitrage Court. In all courts cases are tried in public. The participants in the trial speak in the open court. The accused is guaranteed the right to defense. The press has the right to be present. Trial is conducted on basis of adversary procedure and equality of the parties. The financial support of courts is provided by the state. All judges of supreme federal Courts are appoint by Federal Council with recommendation of the President. 2. Answer the questions on the text "Introduction to the Judicial System of the Russian Federation" Is the existing judicial system of the Russian Federation an independent branch of power? Does the Russian Federation judicial system follow the activities of executive and legislative branches of power? What is the structure of the Russian Federation judicial system determined by? What does the Russian Federation judicial system consist of? What is the higher Arbitration Court of Russian Federation competent to settle? What cases does the Constitutional Court consider? What is the structure of the system of general jurisdiction courts? 3. Choose the right equivalent
4. Match the given phrases
5. Insert the right word The R.F. judicial system is an branch of power, free from political and ideological . It is independent from the and branches of power. Independent, law court is an important component of a state based on a rule of law. 4. The Court of the R.F. considers cases relating to the compliance of the fed eral laws. It also controls over the laws of the State and constitutions of . They work in the following compositions: of the court, judicial panel for civil cases and judicial panel for criminal cases. 7. of the Peace are judges of the subjects of the R.F. |