Англ.Куклина А.И. Киреева Л.В. Английский язык. Английский язык
 Скачать 1.13 Mb.
|
|
Федеральное агентство по образованию Сибирский государственный аэрокосмический университет имени академика М. Ф. Решетнёва АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Сборник упражнений по основным разделам грамматики Красноярск 2009 УДК 802.0(075.8) Рецензент доцент кафедры английской филологии КГПУ им В.П.Астафьева. к.ф.н Агапова С.А. доцент кафедры английского языка КГПУ к.ф.н. Е.Н.Белова Ст. преподаватель кафедры английской филологии КГПУ А.В.Коршунова (Сибирский государственный аэрокосмический университет имени академика М. Ф. Решетнева) Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета СибГАУ Английский язык: Сборник упражнений по основным разделам грамматики / сост. А. И. Куклина, Л. В. Киреева; Сибирский государственный аэрокосмический. университет. – Красноярск, 2009. – 160 с. Сибирский государственный аэрокосмический университет имени академика М. Ф. Решетнева, 2009 ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ Грамматика является наиболее важным видом деятельности в изучении любого иностранного языка. Именно знания в области грамматики мы используем во всех остальных видах деятельности при изучении любого иностранного языка, и при отсутствии знаний в этой области все остальные виды деятельности теряют свой смысл. Данный сборник предназначен для студентов начальных курсов неязыковых специальностей и является дополнением к учебнику Т. Ю. Поляковой, Е. В. Синявской и др. «Английский язык для инженеров», но он также может использоваться в самостоятельной работе студентов и как дополнительный материал к любому из существующих курсов обучения английскому языку. При использовании данного сборника в аудиторной работе с группой студентов предполагается, что преподаватель предварительно объясняет тот грамматический материал, упражнения на который даны в сборнике. Большой объем и разнообразие предлагаемых в сборнике упражнений предполагают, что он может использоваться как для аудиторной, так и для внеаудиторной работы студентов, т.к. сборник не содержит ключей к упражнениям. Основная цель данного сборника – помочь студенту овладеть как навыками перевода, так и навыками устной и письменной английской речи. Сборник строится из 16 разделов, в каждом из которых даны упражнения на отработку основных грамматических явлений, встречающихся в бытовой и деловой разговорной речи. Этим определяется выбор лексики (ядро школьной лексики и общеупотребительная разговорная бытовая и деловая лексика). Упражнения строятся по принципу «от простого – к сложному». Каждый раздел начинается с упражнения на перевод с английского языка на русский, затем идут подстановочные упражнения все большей степени сложности, упражнения на отработку грамматических явлений в устной речи, и заканчивается раздел переводом русских предложений на английский язык, что способствует развитию навыка правильно и грамотно выражать свои мысли на английском языке как в устной, так и в письменной форме. Составители сборника надеются, что он поможет студентам овладеть практическим знанием грамматики английского языка, которое в современных условиях так необходимо любому специалисту с высшим образованием. 1. Основные части речи и некоторые базовые конструкции английского языка 1.1 Артикли (Articles) 1. Прочтите следующие слова и предложения, обращая внимание на безударность артикля и слитное произнесение с существительным. a pen, a pencil, a book, a school, an institute, a computer, a desk, a mouse, a keyboard, an exercise, an inch, a film, an engineer, a disk, a university, an exam, a term, an end, a desktop computer, a difficult exam, an interesting exercise, a software engineer, an operating system. It’s a book. It’s an interesting book. It is a computer. It’s a desktop computer. It’s an easy exam. It’s an autumn term. He is an applications programmer. It’s a hard disk. He is a good student. He has a notebook. She has a camera. 2.Употребите a или an.
guestion
problem
3. Ответьте на вопросы, используя данные слова с a или an. Animal, bird, flower , fruit , musical instrument , planet, river , tool, game, vegetable. 1. a duck? It’s a bird. 6. a hammer? It …. 2. the Nile? It …. 7. a carrot? It …. 3. a rabbit? It …. 8. Mars? It …. 4. tennis? It …. 9. a trumpet? It …. 5. a rose? It …. 10. a pear? It …. 4. Догадайтесь о профессии людей. Используйте a / an. 1. (a book) He is a writer. 2. (a plane) He …. 3. (a newspaper) He …. 4. (a shop) She …. 5. (a photo) He …. 6. (a picture) She …. 7. (a piano) She …. 8. (a taxi) He …. 5. Напишите, кем были эти люди по профессии. 1. Beethoven? He was a composer. 5. Marilyn Monroe? 2. Shakespeare? He was … . 6. Elvis Presley? 3. Albert Einstein? 7. Van Gogh? 4. John Kennedy? 6. Определите, место артикля a/an в предложениях. 1. (I bought newspaper) I bought a newspaper. 2. (We went to party last night) 3. (My brother is artist) 4. (It’s beautiful day today) 5. (I ate sandwich and apple) 6. (Britain is industrial country) 7. (I had bath this morning) 8. (Barbara works in office) 9. (It’s very difficult question) 10. (We stayed at expensive hotel) 7.Некоторые из данных слов – исчисляемые, некоторые – неисчисляемые. Используйтеснимиa / an, гденеобходимо. sugar cup sand tea hat salt credit card umbrella money car soap toothpaste letter toothbrush 8. Используя данные слова, составьте словосочетания с a … . of … . ипереведитеих. bar cup loaf bread milk tea a bottle glass piece of chocolate paper water bowl jar piece honey soup wood Example: a bottle of milk 9. Вставьте a / an, где необходимо.
long dark hair and … blue eyes. She’s got …. long legs, and she’s very pretty. She’s wearing …. blue dress today. She’s got …. nice voice. 10. Дайте краткое описание вашего друга, используя слова упражнения 8. 11. Используйте a или an в тех предложениях, которые неверны. 1. Jim goes everywhere by bike. He hasn’t got car. … a car …. 2. Ann was listening to music when I arrived. … right … . 3. We went to very nice restaurant last weekend. 4. I clean my teeth with toothpaste. 5. I use toothbrush to clean my teeth. 6. Can you tell me if there’s bank near here? 7. My brother works for insurance company in London. 8. I don’t like violence. 9. Can you smell paint? 10. We need petrol. I hope we come to petrol station soon. 11. I wonder if you can help me. I have problem. 12. John has got interview for job tomorrow. 13. Liz doesn’t usually wear jewellery but yesterday she was wearing necklace. 14. I think volleyball is very good game. 12. Закончите предложения, используя одно из данных слов. Используйте a/an, где необходимо. accident, biscuit, blood, coat, decision, electricity, key, letter, moment, music, question, sugar. 1. It wasn’t your fault. It was … . 2. Listen! Can you hear …? 3. I couldn’t get into the house because I didn’t have …. 4. It’s very warm today. Why are you wearing …? 5. Do you take … in your coffee? 6. Are you hungry? Would you like … with your coffee? 7. Our lives would be very difficult without …. 8. I didn’t phone them. I wrote … instead. 9. The heart pumps … through the body. 10. Excuse me, but can I ask you …? 11. I’m not ready yet. Can you wait …, please? 12. We can’t delay much longer. We have to make … soon. 13. Переведите следующие словосочетания на английский язык, употребляя неопределенный артикль, где необходимо. Плохой план, красный карандаш, старый мужчина, черный хлеб, маленькая карта, красивый галстук, белый сахар, легкий урок, прекрасный день, полезный совет, нужная информация, трудолюбивый ученик, крепкий кофе, большой город, трудный вопрос, быстрое решение, интересный фильм, прочные знания, важное задание. 14. СоставьтепредложениясвыражениемWould you like a/an …?илиWould you like some …? 1. (cheese) Would you like some cheese? 2. (coffee) …? 3. (apple) ….? 4. (juice) 5. (chocolate) 6. (cake) 7. (chicken) 15. Используйте a/an или some, где необходимо. 1. I’ve seen … good films recently. 2. What’s wrong with you? Have you got … headache? 3. When I was … child, I used to be very shy. 4. Would you like to be … actor? 5. What … beautiful garden! 6. … birds, for example the penguin, cannot fly. 7. It’s a pity we haven’t got … camera. I’d like to take … photograph of that house. 8. I’m going shopping. I want to buy … new shoes. 9. You need … visa to visit … countries, but not all of them. 10. I need … money. I want to buy … food. 11. We met … interesting people at the party. 12. I’m going to open … window to get … fresh air. 13. We talked to her and she gave us … very good advice. 14. She didn’t eat much for lunch – only … apple and … bread. 15. I want to write … letter. I need … pen and … paper. 16. We live in … big house. There’s … nice garden with … beautiful trees. 16. Прочтите следующие слова и предложения, обращая внимание на произношение определенного артикля. Переведите на русский язык. the table, the blackboard, the classroom, the window, the door, the institute, the end, the apple, the old man, the task, the equipment, the case, the monitor, the system board, the command, the image, in the bag, in the table, on the shelf, on the screen, on the blackboard. This is a classroom. The classroom is big. This is a task. The task is difficult. That is an apple. The apple is green. The equipment is new. The table is in the classroom. The blackboard is on the wall. The book isn’t on the table. It’s on the shelf. The computer is on the desk. The image is on the monitor. 17. Вставьте a/an или the в следующих предложениях. 1. I wrote to her but … letter never arrived. 2. What is … name of this village? 3. Jane is … very nice person. You must meet her. 4. Montreal is … large city in Canada. 5. What is … largest city in Canada? 6. Can you turn on … radio, please? I want to listen to some music. 7. Tom is in … bathroom. He’s having … bath. 8. This is … nice room, but I don’t like … colour of … carpet. 9. We live in … old house near … station. It’s two miles from … centre. 10. This morning I bought … newspaper and … magazine. … newspaper is in my bag but I don’t know where I put … magazine. 11. I saw … accident this morning. … car crashed into … tree. … driver of … car wasn’t hurt but … car was badly damaged. 18. Используйтеa/an или the в предложениях. 1. a. This house is very nice. Has it got … garden? b. It’s a beautiful day. Let’s sit in … garden. c. I like living in this house but it’s a pity that … garden is so small. 2. a. Can you recommend … good restaurant? b. We had dinner in … very nice restaurant. c. We had dinner in … most expensive restaurant in town. 3. a. She has … French name but in fact she’s English, not French. b. What’s … name of that man we met yesterday? c. We stayed at a very nice hotel – I can’t remember … name now. 4. a. There isn’t … airport near where I live. … nearest airport is 70 miles away. b. Our plane was delayed. We had to wait at…. airport for three hours. c. Excuse me, please. Can you tell me how to get to … airport? 5. a. “Are you going away next week?” “No, … week after next.” b. I’m going away for … week in September. c. George has a part-time job. He works three mornings … week. 19. Вставьте a/an или the, где нужно. 1. Would you like apple? … an apple …. 2. How often do you go to dentist? 3. Could you close door, please? 4. I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to do that. It was mistake. 5. Excuse me, where is bus station, please? 6. I’ve got problem. Can you help me? 7. I’m just going to post office. I won’t be long. 8. There were no chairs, so we had to sit on floor. 9. Have you finished with book I lent you? 10. My sister has just got job in bank in Manchester. 11. Alan is best player in our football team. 12. Yesterday I bought jacket and shirt. Jacket was cheap but shirt was expensive. 20. Используйте the или a/an, где необходимо. 1. A: Where did you have … lunch? B: We went to … restaurant. 2. A: Did you have … nice holiday? B: Yes, it was … best holiday I’ve ever had. 3. A: Where’s … nearest shop? B: There’s one at … end of this street. 4. A: Do you often listen to … radio? B: No. In fact I haven’t got …radio. 5. A: Would you like to travel in … space? B: Yes, I’d love to go to … moon. 6. A: Do you go to … cinema very often? B: No, not very often. But I watch a lot of films on … television. 7. A: It was … nice day yesterday, wasn’t it? B: Yes, it was beautiful. We went for a walk by … sea. 8. A: What did you have for … breakfast this morning? B: Nothing. I never eat …. breakfast. 9. A: Can you tell me where … . Room 25 is, please? B: It’s on … second floor. 10. A: We spent all our money because we stayed at … most expensive hotel in town. B: Why didn’t you stay at … cheaper hotel? 21. Используйтеthe,гденужно. 1. I haven’t been to … cinema for ages. 2. I lay down on … ground and looked up at … sky. 3. Sheila spends most of her free time watching … television. 4. … television was on but nobody was watching it. 5. Have you had … dinner yet? 6. Mary and I arrived at … same time. 7. You’ll find … information you need at … top of … page 15. 8. Peru is … country in South America. … capital is Lima. 22. Используйте a/an или the, где необходимо. Если предложение верно, то напишите “right”. 1. Sun is star. … The sun is a star. … . 2. Tim lives in small village in country. 3. Moon goes round earth every 27 days. 4. What is highest mountain in world? 5. I’m fed up with doing same thing every day. 6. It was very hot day. It was hottest day of year. 7. I don’t usually have lunch but I always eat good breakfast. 8. If you live in foreign country, you should try and learn language. 9. We missed our train because we were waiting on wrong platform. We were on Platform 3 instead of Platform 8. 23. Закончите предложения, используя нужный предлог (to / at / in / for) и одно из следующих слов. Используйтесловаболее, чемодинраз. bed, home, hospital, prison, school, university, work 1. Two people were injured in the accident and were taken … to hospital .… 2. In Britain, children from the age of five have to go … . 3. Mark didn’t go out last night. He stayed … . 4. I’ll have to hurry. I don’t want to be late …. 5. There is a lot of traffic in the morning when everybody is going … . 6. Cathy’s mother has just had an operation. She is still … . 7. When Julia leaves school, she wants to study economics … . 8. Bill never gets up before 9 o’clock. It’s 8.30 now, so he is still … . 9. If you commit a serious crime, you could be sent … . 24. Закончите предложения данными словами, используя the, где необходимо. 1. (school) a. Every term parents are invited to … the school … to meet the teacher. b. Why aren’t your children at … school … today? Are they ill? c. When he was younger, Ted hated … . d. What time does … start in the morning in your country? e. – How do your children get home from … ? By bus? – No, they walk. … isn’t very far. f. What sort of job does Jenny want to do when she leaves … ? g. There were some people waiting outside … to meet their children. 2. (university) a. In your country, do many people go to … ? b. If you want to get a degree, you normally have to study at … . c. This is only a small town but … is the biggest in the country. 3. (hospital) a. Nora works as a cleaner at … . b. When Ann was ill, we all went to …. to visit her. c. My brother has always been very healthy. He’s never been in … . d. Peter was injured in an accident and was kept in … for a few days. 4. (church) a. John’s mother is a regular churchgoer. She goes to … every Sunday. b. John himself doesn’t go to … . c. John went to … to take some photographs of the building. 5. (prison) a. In many places people are in …. because of their political opinions. b. The other day the fire brigade were called to …. to put out a fire. c. The judge decided to fine the man $500 instead of sending him to … . 6. (home / work / bed) a. I like to read in … before I go to sleep. b. It’s nice to travel around but there’s no place like … ! c. Shall we meet after …. tomorrow evening? d. If I’m feeling tired, I go to … early. e. What time do you usually start …. in the morning? f. The economic situation is very bad. Many people are out of … . 7. (sea) a. There’s a nice view from the window. You can see … . b. It was a long voyage. We were at … . for four weeks. c. I love swimming in … . 25. Закончите предложения данными словами. Используйте the, где нужно. (the) basketball (the) questions (the) history (the) hotels (the) meat (the) lies (the) information (the) patience (the) people (the) water (the) grass (the) spiders 1. My favourite sport is … basketball… . 2. … . The information … we were given wasn’t correct. 3. Many people are afraid of … . 4. A vegetarian is somebody who doesn’t eat … . 5. The test wasn’t very difficult. I answered all …. without difficulty. 6. Do you know … who live next door? 7. … is the study of the past. 8. George always tells the truth. He never tells … . 9. We couldn’t find anywhere to stay in the town. All …. were full. 10. … in the pool didn’t look very clean, so we didn’t go for a swim. 11. Don’t sit on …. It’s wet after the rain. 12. You need …. to teach young children. 26. Выберите правильный вариант. 1. I’m afraid of dogs / the dogs. 2. Can you pass salt / the salt, please? 3. Apples / The apples are good for you. 4. Look at apples / the apples on that tree! They’re very big. 5. Women / The women live longer than men / the men. 6. I don’t drink tea / the tea. I don’t like it. 7. We had a very nice meal. Vegetables / the vegetables were especially good. 8. Life / The life is strange sometimes. Some very strange things happen. 9. I like skiing / the skiing but I’m not very good at it. 10. Who are people / the people in this photograph? 11. What makes people / the people violent? What causes aggression / theaggression? 12. All books / All the books on the top shelf belong to me. 13. Don’t stay in that hotel. It’s very noisy and beds / the beds are very uncomfortable. 14. A pacifist is somebody who is against war / the war. 15. First World War / The First World War lasted from 1914 until 1918. 16. One of our biggest social problems is unemployment / the unemployment. 17. Ron and Brenda got married but marriage / the marriage didn’t last very long. 18. Most people / The most people believe that marriage / the marriage and family life / the family life are the basis of society / the society. 27. Закончите предложения, используя the и одно из прилагательных. injured, homeless, poor, rich, sick, unemployed, young 1. … have the future in their hands. 2. Ambulances arrived at the scene of the accident and took … to hospital. 3. Life is all right if you have a job, but things are not so easy for … . 4. Julia has been a nurse all her life. She has spent her life caring for … . 5. In England there is an old story about a man called Robin Hood. It is said that he robbed … and gave the money to … . 6. Sometimes … can’t find food and shelter and often have to sleep in the streets. 28. Используйтеthe, еслинужно. 1. Who is …. Doctor Johnson? 2. I was ill, so I went to see …. doctor. 3. … President is the most powerful person in … United States. 4. … President Kennedy was assassinated in 1963. 5. Do you know …. Wilsons? They’re a very nice couple. 6. Do you know …. Professor Brown’s phone number? 29. Используйте the, где необходимо. Если предложение верно, напишите “right”. 1. Everest was first climbed in 1953. 2. Milan is in north of Italy. 3. Africa is much larger than Europe. 4. Last year I visited Mexico and United States. 5. South of England is warmer than north. 6. Portugal is in western Europe. 7. France and Britain are separated by Channel. 8. Jim has travelled a lot in Middle East. 9. Chicago is on Lake Michigan. 10. The highest mountain in Africa is Kilimanjaro. 11. United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 12. Seychelles are a group of islands in Indian Ocean. 13. River Volga flows into Caspian Sea. 30. Вставьте theили ничего с названиями достопримечательностей, гостиниц, аэропортов и т.д. 1. Have you ever been to …. British Museum? 2. …. Hyde Park is a very large park in central London. 3. Another park in central London is …. St James’s Park. 4. …. Grand Hotel is in …. Baker Street. 5. We flew to New York from …. Gatwick Airport near London. 6. Frank is a student at … Liverpool University. 7. If you’re looking for a good clothes shop, I would recommend …. Harrison’s. 8. …. Statue of Liberty is at the entrance to …. New York harbour. 9. You should go to …. Science Museum. It’s very interesting. 10. John works for …. IBM now. He used to work for …. British Telecom. 11. “Which cinema are you going to this evening?” “…. Classic.” 12. I’d like to go to China and see …. Great Wall. 13. Which newspaper shall I buy - …. Independent or …. Herald? |