англ. Методические указания и контрольные задания по английскому языку для студентов заочного обучения
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ВАРИАНТ 2.I. Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием ‘">Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –S и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т. е. служит ли оно: 1. показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite; 2. признаком множественного числа имени существительного; 3. показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного. (См. образец выполнения 1 в варианте 1) 1. Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles. 2. Northern Ireland occupies the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland. 3. St. Paul’s Cathedral was built in the 17th century by the architect Christopher Wren. 4. Agatha Christie’s plots always mislead the reader and keep him in suspense. 5. The Englishman prefers his own house to an apartment in a block of flats. II. Прочитайте, перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык оборота there + be. 1. There are millions of stars within our galaxy. 2. There will be a sale in this supermarket. 3. Since 1960s there has been an increasing tendency for population to move from city centers to the countryside. III. Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите данные предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения. 1. The more electricity you use, the higher your bill will be. 2. His drawings are as perfect as his instructor’s. 3. No sooner had he started out for California than it started to rain. 4. Honesty is the best policy. 5. Of two evils choose the least. IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений. 1. Have you got any luggage? Let me help you. 2. “Would you like to eat something?” asked Tom. 3. Nobody came to visit him while he was in hospital. V. Прочитайте, перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму, указав его инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык. (См. образец выполнения 2 в варианте 1) 1. All historical places of London are in the West End. 2. Recently BBC experts have invented a new system that lets the deaf understand television programmes. 3. The student will begin to work as an apprentice to a trained worker next week. 4. In three months he will have been here for a year. 5. In 1620 a ship named the “Mayflower”, brought 120 Englishmen to the rocky coast of America. VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите следующий текст. New York - or the Big Apple, as people call it - is the chief city and port of the USA. It has a population of nearly eight million people, and is the sixth largest city in the world. New York stands at the mouth of the River Hudson in New York State. It has five boroughs - Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, Staten Island and the Bronx. All the boroughs except the Bronx are on islands. Manhattan is the oldest part of the city, and is the country's commercial centre. It is well-known for its art galleries, and has two universities. New York is especially famous for its skyscrapers - particularly The Empire State Building and the United Nations Headquarters. The main industries of the city are clothing, publishing, textiles, food processing and luxury goods. Just a few statistics give an idea of what life in New York is like: for example, the city has a hundred hospitals, ninety-one colleges, universities and technical schools, and over two thousand schools. The city employs forty thousand teachers, twenty-five thousand policemen and thirteen thousand firemen. And in their free time New Yorkers have a choice of fifteen television stations and thirty-nine radio stations. ВАРИАНТ 3.I. Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –S и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т. е. служит ли оно: 1. показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite; 2. признаком множественного числа имени существительного; 3. показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного. (См. образец выполнения 1 в варианте 1) The island of Great Britain has the length of 974 kilometres and the width of 531 kilometres. The warm Gulf Stream brings warm south-west winds that raise winter temperatures. Trafalgar Square is named in the memory of admiral Nelson’s victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Agatha Cristie’s language is simple and good. The city of Montreal covers 70 square miles. II. Прочитайте, перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык оборота there + be. 1. There were rosy-cheeked dolls hiding behind the green leaves of the Christmas tree. 2. There are two trends in the 21st century fashion that will most probably continue in the future. 3. There must be an equilibrium between demand for and supply of goods. III. Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите данные предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения. 1. I can’t run as fast as he. 2. The salary of a manager is higher than that of a secretary. 3. The more you study the smarter you will become. If you are interested in further details ask the head of the office. That was the most difficult case in his practice. IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений. 1. Is there any letters for me? 2. I can’t talk to you now. I have got no free time. 3. Some of the people he worked with were very friendly. V. Прочитайте, перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму, указав его инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык. (См. образец выполнения 2 в варианте 1) I now you are taking an advanced geography course now. Like it or not, television has been the supreme holiday attraction ever since it upstaged the cinema by showing old films. During the apprenticeship period the student will begin to earn money. He will have left for Kiev by Saturday. The Pilgrims arrived to America and founded their colony in 1020. VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите следующий текст. INTRODUCTION TO THE WWW AND THE INTERNET Millions of people around the world use the Internet to search for and retrieve information on all sorts of topics in a wide variety of areas including the arts, business, government, humanities, news, politics and recreation. People communicate through electronic mail (e-mail), discussion groups, chat channels and other means of informational exchange. They share information and make commercial and business transactions. All this activity is possible because tens of thousands of networks are connected to the Internet and exchange information in the same basic ways. The World Wide Web (WWW) is a part of the Internet. But it's not a collection of networks. Rather, it is information that is connected or linked together like a web. You access this information through one interface or tool called a Web browser. The number of resources and services that are part of the World Wide Web is growing extremely fast. In 1996 there were more than 20 million users of the WWW, and more than half the information that is transferred across the Internet is accessed through the WWW. By using a computer terminal (hardware) connected to a network that is a part of the Internet, aid by using a program (software) to browse or retrieve information that is a part of the World Wide Web, the people connected to the Internet and World Wide Web through the local providers have access to a variety of information. Each browser provides a graphical interface. You move from place to place, from site to site on the Web by using a mouse to click on a portion of text, icon orregion of a map. These items are called hyperlinks or links. Each link you select represents a document, an image, a video clip or an audio file somewhere on the Internet. The user doesn't need to know where it is, the browser follows the link. ВАРИАНТ 4. I. Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –S и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т. e.служит ли оно: 1. показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite; 2. признаком множественного числа имени существительного; 3. показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного. (См. образец выполнения 1 в варианте 1) 1. The total area of the United Kingdom is 242000 square kilometers. 2. The USA borders on Canada in the north and on Mexico in the South. 3. The Nelson’s Column stands in the middle of Trafalgar Square. 4. It’s pleasant to read Agatha Christie’s books in the original. 5. Everyone knows that Sochi is one of the cities situated on the Black Sea coast. II. Прочитайте, перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык оборота there + be. 1. There were many people in the shops yesterday. 2. There are various forms of money in the modern economy. 3. There have recently been offered nationwide programmes of evironmental protection. III.Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите данные предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения. 1. It was the most boring film I have ever seen. 2. I feel much better today than I did last week. 3. Of the three books, this one is the most interesting. 4. The smaller the garden is, the easier it is to look after it. 5. These shoes cost as much as mine. IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений. 1. I got the book without any difficulty. 2. I don’t know about it, ask somebody else. 3. There is no uniform school organization or curriculum in the USA. V. Прочитайте, перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму, указав его инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык. (См. образец выполнения 2 в варианте 1) 1. Now she is having difficulty in putting facts in order. 2. It has been raining since early morning. 3. What will you be doing at 4.30 tomorrow afternoon? 4. By two o’clock the student will have finished the translation of the text. 5. By the 16th century a new economic system had replaced feudalism. VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите следующий текст. History books record that the first film with sound was The Jazz Singer in 1927. But sound films, or "talkies", did not suddenly appear after years of silent screenings. From the earliest public performances in 1896, films were accompanied by music and sound effects. These were produced by a single pianist, a small band, or a full-scale orchestra; large movie theaters could buy sound-effects machines. Research into sound that was reproduced at exactly the same time as the pictures - called "synchronized sound" - began soon after the very first films were shown. With synchronized sound, characters on the movie screen could sing and speak. As early as 1896, the newly invented gramophone, which played a large disc carrying music and dialogue, was used as a sound system. The biggest disadvantage was that the sound and pictures could become unsynchronized if, for example, the gramophone needle jumped or if the speed of the projector changed. This system was only effective for a single song or dialogue sequence. In the "sound-on-film" system, sounds were recorded as a series of marks on celluloid which could be read by an optical sensor. These signals would be placed on the film alongside the image, guaranteeing synchronization. Short feature films were produced in this way as early as 1922. This system eventually brought us "talking pictures". ВАРИАНТ 5. I. Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –S и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно: 1. показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite; 2. признаком множественного числа имени существительного; 3. показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного. (См. образец выполнения 1 в варианте 1) 1. Great Britain is one of the most densely populated countries of Europe. 2. Moscow covers an area of about 880 square kilometers. 3. George Stephenson’s early locomotives were used to carry loads in coal mines. 4. The Tretyakov Gallery is Russia’s biggest and most important museum of Russian art. 5. The water of Black Sea contains many chemical substances. II. Прочитайте, перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык оборота there + be. 1. There are many good hotels in the town. 2. There may be a number of ways of solving this problem. 3. There will be a lot of guests at the party on Sunday. III. Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите данные предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения. 1. My book is as interesting as yours. 2. No animal is so long as King Kong. 3. He drives more cautious than Bob. 4. Actions speak louder than words. 5. The earlier we leave, the sooner we will arrive. IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений. 1. Have you got any questions? 2. He knew nothing about that accident. 3. We must buy something for his birthday. V. Прочитайте, перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму, указав его инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык. (См. образец выполнения 2 в варианте 1) 1. The world sea surrounds the earth and belongs to us all. 2. My brother has been taking music lessons for three years now. 3. Ann is going to enter the university. 4. Have you ever seen the ancient stone carvings? 5. The main ideas were set forth in the statement which had appeared in the press the day before. VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите следующий текст. HISTORY AND FUTURE OF THE INTERNET The Internet technology was created by Vinton Cerf in early 1973 as part of a project headed by Robert Kahn and conducted by the Advanced Research Projects Agency, part of the United States Department of Defence. Later Cerf made many efforts to build and standardise the Internet. In 1984 the technology and the network were turned over to the private sector and to government scientific agencies for further development. The growth has continued exponentially. Service-provider companies that make «gateways» to the Internet available to home and business users enter the market in ever-increasing numbers. By early 1995, access was available in 180 countries and more than 30 million users used the Internet. The Internet and its technology continue to have a profound effect in promoting the exchange of information, making possible rapid transactions among businesses, and supporting global collaboration among individuals and organizations. More than 100 million computers are connected via the global Internet in 2000, and even more are attached to enterprise internets. The development of the World Wide Web leads to the rapid introduction of new business tools and activities that may lead to annual business transactions on the Internet worth hundreds of billions of dollars. All sorts of things are available on the WWW. One can use Internet for recreational purposes. Many TV and radio stations broadcast live on the WWW. Essentially, if something can be put into digital format and stored in a computer, then it's available on the WWW. You can even visit museums, gardens, cities throughout the world, learn foreign languages and meet new friends. And, of course, you can play computer games through WWW, competing with partners from other countries and continents. Just a little bit of exploring the World Wide Web will show you what a lot of use and fun it is. КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ 2 Для выполнения контрольного задания 2 необходимо проработать следующие разделы курса: 1. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты. 2. Система времен в пассивном залоге. 3. Особенности употребления пассивного залога в английском языке по сравнению с русским. Многофункциональность глаголов to be и to have. |