Кубышко МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ По обучению устным разговорным темам. Кубышко МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ По обучению устным разговорным тем. Методические указания по обучению устным разговорным темам Для студентов 1 курса

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UNIT III

EDUCATION IN RUSSIA

I. Vocabulary list

1. сompulsory – обязательный
2. to complete – заканчивать
3. grade – степень
4. to leave – уходить, оставлять
5. gymnasium – гимназия
6. college – колледж
7. citizen – гражданин
8. right – право
9. to guarantee – гарантировать
10. to incorporate – соединять
11. kindergarten – детский сад
12. crèche – детские ясли
13. certain – определенный
14. lyceum – лицей
15. tuition – обучение
16. free of charge – бесплатный
17. free-paying – платный
18. choice – выбор
19. to enter – поступать
20. vocational - профессиональный

21. receive – получать

22. certificate – удостоверение, свидетельство

II. Text

EDUCATION IN RUSSIA

In the Russian Federation the school education is compulsory. Pupils begin to go to school at the age of six or seven. When they complete high grades they can either continue to study at school for 2 years, or go to a professional schools where they study not only main subjects, but are able to learn some professions. When school pupils leave school they can try to continue their education in institutes or universities.

There are many types of schools in Russia: specialized, polytechnical, musical, art and others. Nowadays some new types of schools appeared: gymnasiums and colleges. Citizens of Russia have the right to education which is guaranteed by the Constitution. The public educational system in our country incorporates pre-school, general school, specialized secondary and higher education.

Pre-schools consist of kindergartens and crèches. Children there learn reading, writing and arithmetic. But pre-school education isn’t compulsory-children can get it at home.

Compulsory education is for children from 6 (7) to 17 years of age. There are various types of schools: general secondary schools, schools specializing in a certain subject, high schools, lyceum and so on. Tuition in most of them is free of charge, but some new types of schools are free-paying. The term of study in a general secondary school is 11 years and consists of primary, middle and upper stages.

After the 9^th form pupils have to take examinations. Also they have a choice between entering the 10^th grade of a general secondary school and entering a specialized secondary or vocational school.

Persons who finish the general secondary school, receive a secondary education certificate, giving them the right to enter any higher educational establishment. Entrance examinations are held in July and August. Institutions are headed by rectors; the faculties are headed by the deans. One has to study in the institute for 5 years. Higher educational institutions train students in one or several specializations.
III. Give English equivalents to the Russian words and phrases

1. школьное образование
2. обязательный
3. ходить в школу
4. продолжать учиться
5. профессиональная школа

6. заканчивать школу

7. специализированный

8. политехнический

9. музыкальный

10. художественный

11. гимназии и колледжи

12. право на образование

13. дошкольный

14. детский сад
15. детские ясли
16. лицей
17. бесплатный
18. платный
19. сдать экзамены
20. свидетельство о среднем образовании
21. высшее учебное заведение
22. вступительные экзамены
23. обучать

IV. Make up sentences

1. Compulsory, to be, in, Russian Federation, the, school, education.
2. Many types, school, to be, there of, schooling, Russia in.
3. Citizens, Russia, right, to have, of, the, to, education.
4. Crèches, kindergarten, pre – schools, consist, of, and.
5. Some, types, of, new, schools, free – paying, to be.
6. Entrance, July, August, examinations, to be, to hold, in, and.
7. To study, to have, in, for, the, institute, years, five.

V. Answer the following questions

1. Is the school education in Russia compulsory?
2. How many types of schools are there in Russia?
3. What new types of schools appeared nowadays?
4. Is the right to education guaranteed by the Constitution in our country?
5. What kind of pre – schools do you know?
6. Are they compulsory?
7. When do children begin to go to school?
8. Is the tuition free of charge in our country?
9. What choice does the 9^th former have?
10. What kind of document does the person who finishes the general secondary school receive?
11. How many years do students study to get a higher education?

VI. Speak about
1) Secondary education

2) Higher education. Using the following words and word combinations:

a) School education, to go to school, at the age of, to complete, types of school, tuition, free of charge, free – paying, to consist, primary, middle, upper stages, choice 10^th grade, vocational school;

b) Person, finish, general secondary school, receive, certificate, the right to enter, higher educational establishment, entrance examinations, to hold, to be headed, rector, dean, faculty, train, specialist.

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