Методическое пособие по практике основного иностранного языка (английский) для направления 050100 Педагогическое образование

• Название: Методическое пособие по практике основного иностранного языка (английский) для направления 050100 Педагогическое образование
• Анкор: CInema and Theatre.docx
• Дата: 29.01.2017
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• Имя файла: CInema and Theatre.docx
• Тип: Методическое пособие; #965
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Part 1 of Text 1:

1. 
   When did the era of realistically moving photographs begin?
   Who managed to substitute an eye-piece by a projector?
   
2. 
   What are the distinctive features of the first one-reel films?
   
3. 
   Who is the creator of the first “space travel” film?
   
4. 
   When did the first feature films appear?
   What country/city gained the position of the largest film industry?
   
5. 
   In what way did the Soviet cinema develop?
   

9. Read Part 2 of Text 1 and fill in the gaps (1-7) with the following word combinations:

the musical film; global appeal; the stringent limitations; total changeover; the “Vitaphone” system; the classic movie stars; orchestral scores.

Part 2.The sound era. Further development

Experimentation with sound film technology, both for recording and playback, was virtually constant throughout the silent era. Eventually, in 1926, Hollywood studio Warner Bros. introduced (1) ____________, producing short films of live entertainment acts and public figures and adding recorded sound effects and (2) ____________ to some of its major features. During late 1927, Warners released The Jazz Singer, which was mostly silent but contained the first synchronized dialogue (and singing) in a feature film. The trend convinced the largely reluctant industrialists that “talking pictures”, or “talkies”, were the future.

The change was remarkably swift. By the end of 1929, Hollywood was almost “all-talkie”, with several competing sound systems.
(3) ____________ was slightly slower in the rest of the world, principally for economic reasons. Cultural reasons were also a factor in countries like China and Japan, where “silences” co-existed successfully with sound well into the 1930s.

Thus began what is now often called “The Golden Age of Hollywood”, which refers roughly to the period beginning with the introduction of sound until the late 1940s. The American cinema reached its peak of efficiently manufactured glamour and (4) ____________ during this period. The top actors of the era are now thought of as
(5) ____________, such as Clark Gable, Katharine Hepburn, Humphrey Bogart and the greatest box office success of the 1930s, child performer Shirley Temple.

Creatively, however, the rapid transition was a difficult one. The films were full of static, stagey “talkies” as actors in front of and behind the camera struggled with (6) ____________ of the early sound equipment and their own uncertainty as to how to use the new medium. Many major silent filmmakers and actors were unable to adjust and found their careers ended.

Most obviously, sound benefited different genres. (7) ____________ was born; the first classic-style Hollywood musical was The Broadway Melody (1929). Nowadays, the idea of a film with no sound is only absurd to us. On the whole, synchronous sound emphasized the importance of films as an art form.

(http://www.filmbug.com/dictionary/moviehistory.php)
10. Answer the following questions taking into account the information given in Part 2 of Text 1:

1. 
   When and why did “the sound era” begin?
   
2. 
   What does “The Golden Age of Hollywood” mean?
   
3. 
   Can you describe the transition from “the silences” to “the talkies”?
   

11. Paraphrase the following sentences using the new vocabulary:

1. 
   The Lumières are world-widely recognized as Europe’s main producers partially due to their shooting of short episodes. 2) There were many actors who took park in this film, many of them quite famous, that is why when the film became available to the public, the reception was positive, and many people were eager to watch the film in the cinema. 3) Sound became simultaneous with the image only after the invention of the “Vitaphone” system. 4) This scene was filmed several times, because of the thrilling trick the actor performed jumping from the rooftop. 5) Probably most of Charlie Chaplin’s movies were received with flying colours. 6) The music in the film created the right atmosphere, but because I watched it with the Russian translation most of that was lost, it’s a shame they don’t show films in the original with the printed translation of the words of a foreign film that are shown at the bottom of the picture in the cinema. 7) Since 1920s all “talkies” have been of the same length and based on a thoroughly prepared script. 8) Unfortunately for the producers of the series, the written form of their last episode became known to the public, which is why they had to come up with some new ending, and that’s the reason for so many negative critical appraisals of it.
   

12. Prepare a summary of both parts of Text 1 (see Appendix 1). Mention the names in bold, try to use the new vocabulary and some additional information from Video 1.
Video
VIDEO 1

13. For further extension of your knowledge watch an extract from the documentary entitled “Side by Side” (2012) produced by Keanu Reeves on the history of filmmaking. Read the following information before watching Video 1:

• 
  DP (= a director of photography) –is the chief over the camera and lighting crews working on a film;
  

14. Answer the questions:

1. 
   What does a standard camera use?
   
2. 
   What’s meant by “dailies” in this movie?
   
3. 
   Why the directors with digital cameras don’t use “Cut!”?
   How were the computer programs for editing adopted?
   
4. 
   What is CGI?
   

15. Fill in the gaps with the words or word combinations from the film. Read the sentences beforehand!

1. 
   One of the simplest definitions of ____________ is the number of pixels that is recorded by the camera – the higher it is the more ____________.
   
2. 
   The first HD ____________ was shot in 2002.
   
3. 
   The final cut is determined by the director and the ____________, as well as the colour timers who became more involved in the ____________, especially with the advent of colour film.
   
4. 
   The ____________ photochemically adjusts the balance of green, blue, red and brightness after the movie is shot and
   edited.
   
5. 
   In digital colour correction the colourist can change any kind of hue inside the so-called ____________.
   
6. 
   Thomson Viper HD camera was able to shoot scenes
   in ____________.
   
7. 
   Genesis, created by the partnership of Panavision and Sony, was the first ____________ for shooting feature films.
   
8. 
   The RED 1’s resolution, the way ____________, proved it was of the new generation of digital cameras.
   
9. 
   Silicon Imaging (SI-2K) is a ____________ with a computer at the back of it.
   
10. 
    Furthermore even when it was off the ____________, or the steady cam, or off the crane it no longer connected to the cameraman’s body, thus enabling him to be more free and creative, ____________ during the scene.
    

16. Match the speakers’ names from the left column (1-6) with their points of view from the right column (a-f).

Vincent Pace James Cameron Joel Schumacher Barry Levinson Bradford Young David Lynch

The more digital gadgets are developed, the less collective watching the films is; It’s easier to say than actually write a script; Nowadays, unfortunately, not every feature film has an excuse for applying 3D techniques; All at once 3D motion pictures became box office successes; The more digital gadgets are developed, the less amazing cinema-going is; Operating a 3D camera is more complicated than the audience believes, at the same time it cannot limit your imagination.

Writing
17. Read the following quotations about filmmaking. Which one do you like? Write an essay based on the one you’ve chosen.

1) “People sometimes say that the way things happen in the movies is unreal, but actually it’s the way things happen to you in life that’s unreal. The movies make emotions look so strong and real, whereas when things really do happen to you, it’s like watching television – you don’t feel anything.” (Andy Warhol, American artist, film director)

2) “I believe that filmmaking – as, probably, is everything – is a game you should play with all your cards, and all your dice, and whatever else you’ve got. So, each time I make a movie, I give it everything I have. <...> I think everyone should do everything they do that way.”(Francis Ford Coppola, American film director)

3) “Film is incredibly democratic and accessible, it’s probably the best option if you actually want to change the world, not just re-decorate it.” (Banksy, British graffiti artist)

4) “I always hope that if one million people see my movie, they see one million different movies.” (Quentin Tarantino, American film director, actor)

5) “A film is – or should be – more like music than like fiction. It should be a progression of moods and feelings. The theme, what’s behind the emotion, the meaning, all that comes later.” (Stanley Kubrick, American film director)


LESSON 2. PROFESSIONS AND EQUIPMENT
Brainstorming
Discuss the following questions in your group:

1. 
   How often do you watch movies in the original? Do you watch them in any other language aside from Russian and English?
   
2. 
   Do you think that acting is a skill acquired through training or more of a natural talent?
   
3. 
   Which profession related to the film industry is interesting to you? What are the pros and cons of it?
   

Vocabulary

Director Producer Location Manager Scriptwriter Director of Photography Art Director Props Master Gaffer Film Editor Production Manager Sound Recordist Cameraman camera crew star (v), starring co-star crowd scene microphone clapper, clapperboard

sound analog digital camera lens focus zoom tripod camera platform/dolly shot a close-up long shot tracking shot lights exterior lighting natural light artificial light light stand/spotlight

1. Read the definitions and give the equivalents from the active vocabulary.

1. 
   A camera shot in which the cameraman follows a specific person or event in the action;
   
2. 
   A three-legged stand for supporting a camera or other devices;
   
3. 
   The light-gathering device of a camera;
   
4. 
   A pair of hinged boards that are struck together at the beginning of filming to synchronize the starting of picture and sound machinery;
   
5. 
   A film sequence photographed continuously by one camera;
   
6. 
   To have a principal role in a film, play, or other show;
   
7. 
   A camera shot that changes smoothly from a long shot to a close-up or vice versa;
   
8. 
   A picture in a film that shows a lot of details because it is taken very near to the subject.
   

2. Match the word (1-9) with its definition (a-i).

Art Director Director Director of Photography Gaffer Location Manager Producer Production Manager Scriptwriter Props Master

a person who is responsible for all operations concerning camera work and lighting during the production of a film; a person who is responsible for providing all the necessary props for the film; a person responsible for finding the actual shooting locations; a person responsible for the financial and managerial aspects of the making of a film; a person responsible for the sets and costumes in a film; a person who writes a script for a film; a person who decides how a film will appear on stage or screen, and who tells the actors and technical staff what to do; a person responsible for managing all issues of production below the actual directing of the film or video, like budgeting, making sure the film is completed on schedule; the chief electrician in a film or television production unit.

3. Make up 5 sentences in Russian and 5 sentences in English using the active vocabulary from Lesson 1 and Lesson 2 for your group-mates to translate.
4. Find as many words from Lesson 1 and Lesson 2 as possible in the table below.

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Reading
5. Read Text 2 carefully. Choose the correct title for each phase of the filmmaking process from the list given below:

• 
  Production
  
• 
  Idea and Development
  
• 
  Distribution
  
• 
  Post-Production
  
• 
  Pre-Production
  

6. Find the equivalents of the following expressions in Text 2, give the Russian translation:

1) trouble	3) future (adj.)	5) essential
2) the previous phase	4) a chain of sketches	6) unnatural

TEXT 2. THE FILMMAKING PROCESS
The filmmaking process is commonly divided into five phases. Working according to these phases helps to do the job in a logical order, with as little complications as possible, since each stage of the process is based on the successful completion of its predecessor.

Phase 1: ____________________________________

Finding the concept for the film is the core of the whole filmmaking process. But once an idea excites a film director, he will develop it so it forms the foundation of the would-be film. This phase of the process helps to understand exactly what and how to shoot.

Next, a screenwriter (may be the very same director) creates the script developing characters, dialogues, sights and sounds. In some cases, a graphic storyboard is also provided by him.

Finally, the producer of the project has to be sought for financing the work.

Phase 2: ____________________________________

Casting for the film crew takes place. As the face of your film, the actors are crucial for its box office success. Actors usually have some time to make researches of their characters and understand them. Then the first rehearsals are conducted.

The director and the production managers plan the schedule for getting all the wanted audio and visual materials. Also, the budget is taken care of. The art director and the camera crew find locations, design and construct sets, plan basic camera movement and come up with Plan Bs in case things don’t go as planned (e.g. weather problems).

Phase 3: ____________________________________

On this phase shooting and recording take place. A large part of the film crew participates in this stage, making sure that the script is being followed accurately and that the materials are of the best possible quality.

The cameraman makes his first appearance. When recording it is also important to keep lighting – both natural and artificial – in mind, as it helps to convey the film’s atmosphere to the audience. That’s where the gaffer plays an important role. The sound recordist is in charge of the unwanted noise recorded on the sensitive microphones.

Phase 4: ____________________________________

This phase works with the raw material of a film. Editing is the process of going through the footage, cutting and re-arranging it, discarding what is not needed and making sure that what remains tells the story clearly. This is time to insert visual FX and the soundtrack.

Color corrections are made and sometimes a narration is added. This is the time to title the film. Although all those things may seem as “final touches”, they have a great influence on the film’s atmosphere and message.

Phase 5: ____________________________________

This is the process in which the film reaches the audience, and is therefore the final peak of the whole filmmaking process. It is done either by a theatrical distribution or for home viewing, such as DVD releases.

(http://www.filmmaking.com/the-process)
7. Use the information about the phases of filmmaking given in Text 2 and make up a dialogue:

• 
  point out which one of the phases is the most complex and time-consuming to your mind;
  
• 
  share your ideas with your partner;
  
• 
  give reasons for your choice describing the phase and the actions undertaken during it.
  

8. Prepare a summary of Text 2 (see Appendix 1). Mention all the phases; try to use the new vocabulary.
9. Translate the sentences below from Russian into English:

1. 
   Но стоит только какой-либо идее зацепить режиссера, и он непременно будет развивать ее, формируя основу будущего фильма. 2) Крупный план – это отличный способ привлечь зрителя к деталям или качественной игре актера, именно поэтому работа главного оператора очень важна и его роль является неотъемлемой в процессе съемок. 3) Перед первыми репетициями актеры обычно тратят некоторое время на изучение своих героев и их понимание. 4) Имя сценариста можно найти в финальных титрах вместе с именем художника-постановщика, а также список актеров снимавшихся в главных ролях, и даже названия композиций использованных в фильме. 5) Арт-директор и съемочная команда ищут место съемок, разрабатывают и конструируют декорации, планируют главные движения камеры и подготавливают запасной план на тот случай, если что-то пойдет не так. 6) Свет играет большую роль в процессе съемок, именно поэтому, создатели фильма не могут полагаться на естественное освещение, и вынуждены использовать искусственное. Безусловно монтажер может добавить эффекты уже после завершения съемок, однако, лучше заранее предусмотреть наличие необходимого света, иначе вся сцена может быть испорчена. 7) Осветитель выполняет настолько же важную роль, насколько и звукооператор, отвечающий за нежелательные шумы, записанные чувствительными микрофонами. 8) Зная, что камера плохо держится на штативе, ты все равно оставил ее без присмотра, и теперь у нее сломана линза, на ее замену придется потратить немалые деньги.
   

10.Read the following quotations about acting. Translate them into Russian. Which one do you like? Prepare a 2-minute speech based on it mentioning why you agree or disagree with it. Try to connect your monologue to some ideas or facts from the texts in Lesson 1 or Lesson 2.

1) “Actors and musicians – they’re saints to me. <...> I’m speaking of those who won’t accept a useless life, just because they were born to it. <...>They work, they sacrifice, they do things...” (Anne Rice, American writer)

2) “I’m not a film star, I am an actress. Being a film star is such a false life, lived for fake values and for publicity.” (Vivien Leigh, British actress)

3) “If you have to have a job in this world, a high-priced movie star is a pretty good gig.” (Tom Hanks, American actor)

4) “In the language of an actor, to know is synonymous with to feel.” (Constantin Stanislavski, Russian theatre director, actor)

5) “I know very little about acting. I’m just an incredibly gifted faker.” (Robert Downey Jr., American actor)
Listening
11. Do you know the following stars? Add a correct proper name to each photograph. What are they famous for?

_______________	_______________	______________

If you don’t recognize them, return to this task after listening to Audio 1, Audio 2, Audio 3.
AUDIO 1

(interview by Joe McCabe, “FEARnet”)
12. Read the following information before listening to Audio 1:

• 
  ‘Archie’ – an American comic book about teenage life;
  
• 
  Chris (= Christopher Nolan) – a British film director.
  

13. Listen to Audio 1. Choose whether the following statements are true or false, explain your choice:

1) The speaker wasn’t fond of comic books in his childhood.	T / F
2) The speaker’s sisters enjoyed reading ‘Batman’.	T / F
3) For a certain period of time the actor had a thought of turning down the role of the Joker.	T / F
4) Tim Burton asked the star to act in his film.	T / F
5) Chris was open for the actor’s interpretations.	T / F
6) The speaker cared to explain the difference from Jack Nicholson’s portrayal of the character.	T / F

14. Listen to Audio 1 one more time. Check your answers to ex. 12. Guess who the speaker is.
AUDIO 2

(interview by Peter Travers, “Rolling Stone Movies”)
15.Read the following information before listening to Audio 2:

• 
  Martin Freeman – a famous actor;
  
• 
  Mark (= Mark Gatiss) – an English screenwriter;
  
• 
  Steven (= Steven Moffat) – a famous series producer;
  
• 
  Limelight – the focus of public attention;
  
• 
  Asperger’s (= Asperger’s syndrome) – a rare and relatively mild autistic disorder characterized by awkwardness in social interaction, pedantry in speech, and preoccupation with very narrow interests.
  

16. Listen to