Робоча програма з порівняльної граматики. Порівняльна граматика 5 курс Зміст курсу Мета курсу

• Название: Порівняльна граматика 5 курс Зміст курсу Мета курсу
• Анкор: Робоча програма з порівняльної граматики.doc
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Тема: Типологія граматичних систем порівнюваних мов.

Лекційні модулі:

1. 
   Аломорфізм та ізоморфізм морфологічних систем.
   

Allomrphisms and isomorphims in the Morphemic structure of English and Ukrainian words. Typology of the parts of speech. Ways of expressing morphological categories. Typological characteristics of notional words. Typological characteristics of functional words.

2. 
   Типологія частин мов.
   

Typological features of the noun. Typology of adjective. Typology characteristics of the verb and verbal. Statives and their Typology characteristics. Modal words, verbs and phrases. Typology characteristics of prepositions, conjunctions, particles, interjections.

3. 
   Типологія граматичних категорій порівнювальних мов.
   

The category of definiteness and indefiniteness. Typology of the adjectives categories. Classes of verbs in English and Ukrainian. Categories of the non-finite forms. Grammatical categories of the verb. Grammatical categories of nominal parts of speech.

4. 
   Типологія словосполучень порівнювальних мов.
   

The word-groups in both contrasted languages . Common features of in the structural forms of word-groups. Simple or elemental word-groups. Word-groups of complicated structure. Word-groups with syndetic and asyndatic connection. Types of word-groups. Co-ordinate word-groups. Subordinate word-groups. Predicative word-groups.

5. 
   Типологія речень порівнювальних мов.
   

Typology of the sentence. The main parts of the sentence. The secondary parts of the sentence. Non-segmentable sentences. Typology of the composite sentences. The compound sentence. The complex sentence. Isomorphic and allomorphic features in the system in the compound sentences in English and Ukrainian.

Семінарські модулі:

SEMINAR № 6

Theme: typology of the morphological systems

1. 
   The dominant morphological and syntactic features distinguishing the structural type of present-day English from the structural type of present-day Ukrainian.
   
2. 
   The morpheme as a typological constant in the contrasted languages. Quantita­tive and qualitative correlation of affixal morphemes in English vs. Ukrainian.
   
3. 
   Types of inflexional morphemes in the contrasted languages.
   
4. 
   "Word classes" vs. the parts of speech in English and Ukrainian.
   
5. 
   Isomorphism and allomorphism in the quantitative representation of morphologi­cal categories and means of their expression in the nominals of the contrasted languages.
   
6. 
   Typological characteristics of the noun (classes, functions, morphological categories, singularia and pluralia tantum nouns) in the contrasted languages.
   
7. 
   Morphological/structural, categorial, functional and other isomorphic and allomorphic features of different classes of adjectives in the contrasted languages.
   
8. 
   The pronoun. Classes of pronouns. Isomorphic and allomorphic features of
   English vs. Ukrainian pronouns.
   
9. 
   The numeral. Classes of numerals and their isomorphic/allomorphic features in the contrasted languages.
   

SEMINAR № 7

Theme:Typological characteristics of functional words

1. The verb. Isomorphism and allomorphism in the classes of verbs. Morphological categories of tense, voice, aspect, person, mood and their realization in the contrasted languages.

2 .Isomorphism and allomorphism in the system of verbals of the contrasted
languages.

3. Typological characteristics of different classes of adverbs; their structural
peculiarities. The origin of some adverbs in English and Ukrainian.

4. Typological characteristics of English vs. Ukrainian statives and their combinability.

5. Typological characteristics of functional parts of speech in the contrasted
languages:

1. 
   semantic groups of modal words and modal expressions .in English and Ukrainian;
   
2. 
   isomorphism and allomorphism in the meaning, structure and functioning of prepositions in the contrasted languages;
   
3. 
   the conjunction. Paradigmatic classes of conjunctions and their morphological structure in English and Ukrainian;
   
4. 
   isomorphic and allomorphic features of different classes of particles in the contrasted languages;
   
5. 
   typological characteristics of interjections/emotives in the contrasted languages.
   

6.Isomorphism and allomorphism in the expression of definiteness and indefiniteness in the contrasted languages.
SEMINAR № 8

Theme: Typology of the syntactic systems

1. 
   Features and phenomena serving as typological constants at the syntactic level in the contrasted languages.
   
2. 
   Isomorphism and allomorphism in the correlation of the means of grammati­cal expressing the syntactic relations in English and Ukrainian.
   
3. 
   Quantitative and qualitative correlation of the means and ways of syntactic connection in present-day English vs. present-day Ukrainian.
   

4. 
   Isomorphism and allomorphism in the types of syntactic processes and in the forms of their realization in the contrasted languages.
   
5. 
   Isomorphism and allomorphism in the nature, structure, and syntactic connection in the types of word-groups of the contrasted languages.
   

4. 
   Common and divergent featues in predicative word-groups of English and Ukrainian.
   

7. 
   Isomorphism and allomorphism in the structure and nature of morphological (paradigmatic) classes of word-groups in the contrasted languages.
   
8. 
   Isomorphic and allomorphic features in the structure and ways of connection in substantival word-groups of the contrasted languages.
   
9. 
   Isomorphic and allomorphic features in the ways of connection and in the structural forms of adjectival, pronominal and numerical word-groups in English vs. Ukrainian.
   

10. 
    Common and divergent features in the forms of connection and in the combinability of components in English and Ukrainian verbal word-groups.
    
11. 
    Isomorphism and allomorphism in the structure, form of connection, and in the combinability of component parts in adverbial and statival word-combinations of the contrasted languages.
    

SEMINAR № 9

Theme: The compound sentence

1.Isomorphic and allomorphic features in English and Ukrainian one- and two-
member sentences.

2. Isomorphism and allomorphism in the nature and structural forms of simple,
formal, expanded/extended and complex parts of the sentence in the contrasted languages.

3.Typological characteristics of the detached, parenthetic and inserted parts of

the sentence in the contrasted languages.

4.Isomorphism and allomorphism in the structural forms and means of
sing the principal parts of the sentence in English and Ukrainian.

5.Typological characteristics of the secondary parts of the sentence. Isomorphism and allomorphism in the structural forms of the object and the attribute in the contrasted languages.

6.Isomorphism and allomorphism in the structural forms of the adverbial
of the sentence in the contrasted languages.
SEMINAR № 10

Theme: Typology of the composite sentence in the contrasted languages. The compound sentence in English and Ukrainian

1. Typology of the complex sentence. Isomorphic and allomorphic features in the structure of N-clauses of the contrasted languages.

2. Isomorphic and allomorphic features in the structures of attributive clauses of the contrasted languages.

3.Typology of adverbial clauses in the contrasted languages.

4. 
   The use of isomorphic and allomorphic (similar and divergent) features and phenomena in phonetics, lexicon and grammar of the contrasted languages in teaching English at school.
   

Модулі самостійної роботи:

1. 
   Ізоморфізм та аломорфізму граматичних категорій.
   
2. 
   Типологія словосполучень зіставлю вальних форм.
   
3. 
   Складні речення. Їх типологія в англійській та українських мовах.
   

Підсумкова тека:

1.Theoretical questions:

10. 
    The dominant morphological and syntactic features distinguishing the structu­ral type of present-day English from the structural type of present-day Ukrainian.
    
11. 
    The morpheme as a typological constant in the contrasted languages. Quantita­tive and qualitative correlation of affixal morphemes in English vs. Ukrainian.
    
12. 
    Types of inflexional morphemes in the contrasted languages.
    
13. 
    "Word classes" vs. the parts of speech in English and Ukrainian.
    
14. 
    Isomorphism and allomorphism in the quantitative representation of morphologi­
    cal categories and means of their expression in the nominals of the contrasted languages.
    
15. 
    Typological characteristics of the noun (classes, functions, morphological cate-
    gories, singularia and pluralia tantum nouns) in the contrasted languages.
    
16. 
    Morphological/structural, categorial, functional and other isomorphic and allo-
    morphic features of different classes of adjectives in the contrasted languages.
    
17. 
    The pronoun. Classes of pronouns. Isomorphic and allomorphic features of
    English vs. Ukrainian pronouns.
    
18. 
    The numeral. Classes of numerals and their isomorphic/allomorphic features in
    the contrasted languages.
    

2. Practical Assignments

Exercise I. Contrast the morphological structure of the English and Ukrainian words below. Identify a) the national and b) the international affixal morphemes them:

ablaze, bedew, degrading, illegally, inter­state, non-smoking, linguistically,

dictator­ship, computerization, employee, exeminee, princeling, sissy, cloudlet, drunkard, slug­gard,


commander-in-chief, merry-go-round, fifty-fifty, willy-nilly.


краще, вводити, зім'яти, антитіло, посія­тися, нереально, диктаторство, недокіс чесність, комп'ютеризація, по-новому, дитяточко,


дрібнесенько, козарлюга, І" сище, здоровило, .щонайкращий, якно новіша, якнайбільше; попоходити, по бігати, перекотиполе, Гнидуб, хоч-не-хоч.

Exercise ІІ. State whether the change of vowels and consonants in the following paradigms of English and Ukrainian verbs, nouns, and adjectives are morphological
correlations or phonetic oppositions

become — became, break — broke, catch— caught, may — might, take — took, find — found, meet'— met, brother — brethren, .goose — geese, man — men, mouse — mice, woman — women.

Буг— бузький, вовк —вовчий, Львів —

Львова, Острог — острозький сніп —

снопи, грек — грецький

Париж — па-ризький, турок —

турецький, птах —

птаство/пташиний,

Exercise ІІІ. Point to the factors facilitating (or otherwise) the identification of the parts of speech in the following English and Ukrainian words/word-forms:

clean, cleaner, cleaning; back, bad, badly;

worse, force, good, goody, better; home,
man, manned; psychology, set; before, must,
near, round, save, start, waste, zip.

добре, краще, .мати, матір,

молода/мо-

лодий, варене/печене; перед

передове,

відживаюче, вчений; батьків,

сестрин;

коло, край, перше, береги, береги, кіль-ка, собі; моя/твоя.

Exercise IV. State the difference (if any) in the expression of the category of number and quantity in the following English and Ukrainian nouns:

the North-West, the South-East; advice, business, courage; finance; archives, arms, customs, foliage, scum; brushwood, oil, sil­ver, carp, pike, salmon, swine; bacillae, erra­ta, radii, termini, outskirts, riches, shorts, tongs, savings, victuals, sweepings; the Netherland, the Bahamas.

північний захід/схід, золото,

срібло, борошно, м'ясо;

білизна, збрід, вїниччя, паліччя

, сміття; гамір, гнів; освіта; про­води, вечорниці; висівки, вишкрібки, цінності; помиї, міліція, Бровари, Суми, Чернівці.

2.Theoretical questions:

1.The verb. Isomorphism and allomorphism in the classes of verbs. Morphological categories of tense, voice, aspect, person, mood and their realization in the contrasted languages.

2.Isomorphism and allomorphism in the system of verbals of the contrasted
languages.

3.Typological characteristics of different classes of adverbs; their structural
peculiarities. The origin of some adverbs in English and Ukrainian.

4.Typological characteristics of English vs. Ukrainian statives and their combinability.

5.Typological characteristics of functional parts of speech in the contrasted
languages:

6. 
   semantic groups of modal words and modal expressions .in English and Ukrainian;
   
7. 
   isomorphism and allomorphism in the meaning, structure and functioning of prepositions in the contrasted languages;
   
8. 
   the conjunction. Paradigmatic classes of conjunctions and their morphological structure in English and Ukrainian;
   
9. 
   isomorphic and allomorphic features of different classes of particles in the contrasted languages;
   
10. 
    typological characteristics of interjections/emotives in the contrasted languages.
    

6.. Isomorphism and allomorphism in the expression of definiteness and indefiniteness in the contrasted languages.
2. Practical Assignments

Exercise I. Find the isomorphic and allomorphic features in the expression of the morphological categories of number, case and gender in the underlined English nominals and in their Ukrainian equivalents in the sentences below:

1. 
   The two were quite unable to do anything.
   (Wells)
   
2. 
   The first was an old woman. (R. Chandler)
   
3. 
   I sympathize with you in your husband's death. (Maugham)
   

4 Young man, you're very ready with your tongue. (Cusack)

5. 
   I've got to see her home. (Maugham)
   
6. 
   That was a great shock to me. (Christie)
   
7. 
   Every family has its own cultural rules...
   (Schimmels)
   
8. 
   Off went the proud Kangaroo on his
   four little legs... (Kipling)
   
9. 
   .Freestone frowned, at the... detestable
   abbreviation oT his Christian name. (Bar-
   stow)
   
10. 
    He asked his tall aunt the Ostrich, why
    her tail-feathers grew just so... and he as­
    ked... the Hippopotamus why her eyes were
    red. (Ibid.)
    

Ці двоє були зовсім не в змозі

зробити.

Перша була вже стара жінка.

Я співчуваю тобі у зв'язку зі смертю твого чоловіка.

Ви, юначе, ніколи не лізете за словом у кишеню.

Я маю подивитись її дім.

То було великимударом для мене.

Кожна родина має свої правила куль­турної поведінки...

І стрибнув Кенгуру на своїх чотирьох ніжках...

Фрістоун нахнюпився,... зачувши огидне скорочення свого імені.

Він запитався у своєї високої тітки Страусихи, чому в неї так росте пір'я..., а в своєї гладкої тітки Гіпопотамихи, чому в неї червоні очі


Exercise II. Using the model below prove the existence of the objective gender (sex) and the non-existence of the morphological gender in the English animate nouns in contrast to the existence of both the genders in their Ukrainian equivalents.

Model: the actor played —the actress played (well). Артист грав — артистка грала (гарно).
director — directrix, emperor — emperatrix, king — queen, hero — heroine; bull — cow, bull-elephant — cow-elephant, dog — bitch,

lion — lioness, billy-goat — nenny-goat, stallion — mare; cock-sparrow — hen-spar- row; drake — duck, gander — goose; sun —
moon, death, love, hotel, ship.

директор — директорка,

імператор — імператорка, король

— королева, гeрой — героїня,

бугай — корова, слон —слониха, пес — сучка, лев — левиця,
цап — коза, жеребець — кобила;

горобець — горобка, качур — качка, гусак — гуска; сонце — місяць, смерть, кохання; готель, корабель.
Exercise III. Point out the difference in the expression of the morphological categories of tense, aspect and mood in the English and Ukrainian verbs in the following sentences:
3.Theoretical questions:

5. 
   Features and phenomena serving as typological constants at the syntactic level in the contrasted languages.
   
6. 
   Isomorphism and allomorphism in the correlation of the means of grammati­cal expressing the syntactic relations in English and Ukrainian.
   
7. 
   Quantitative and qualitative correlation of the means and ways of syntactic connection in present-day English vs. present-day Ukrainian.
   

4. 
   Isomorphism and allomorphism in the types of syntactic processes and in the forms of their realization in the contrasted languages.
   
5. 
   Isomorphism and allomorphism in the nature, structure, and syntactic connection in the types of word-groups of the contrasted languages.
   

4. 
   Common and divergent featues in predicative word-groups of English and Ukrainian.
   

7. 
   Isomorphism and allomorphism in the structure and nature of morphological (paradigmatic) classes of word-groups in the contrasted languages.
   
8. 
   Isomorphic and allomorphic features in the structure and ways of connection in substantival word-groups of the contrasted languages.
   
9. 
   Isomorphic and allomorphic features in the ways of connection and in the structural forms of adjectival, pronominal and numerical word-groups in English vs. Ukrainian.
   

10. 
    Common and divergent features in the forms of connection and in the combinability of components in English and Ukrainian verbal word-groups.
    
11. 
    Isomorphism and allomorphism in the structure, form of connection, and in the combinability of component parts in adverbial and statival word-combinations of the contrasted languages.