СМИ. Практикум по языку сми учебнометодическое пособие авт сост. Вишнякова Е. А., Дроздова Т. В., Конистерова Е. А., Улитина К. А. Тула
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£500 for parking on yellow lines Can the professional reputation of such actors as Stephanie Beacham and John Standing survive such hilarious rubbish as Riders (IVT)? Why on earth did director Gabrielle Beaumont pass such wooden performances? If John Major does not want to restrict the traditional liberty of our citizen with the issue of ID cards, why doesn’t he obstruct Irish people travelling to and from this country by making them apply for visas? This way, a check could be made on those suspected of terrorism more easily. Mrs S.Austin Brighton, East Sussex During her career, she appeared with most of the Hollywood greats, but it wasn’t until 1992 that she won her first and only Oscar. She leaves a husband and three daughters. FOUND: purse and cash in city centre, 28th April. Tel. 290734, evenings. WANTED: Antique and old-fashioned furniture for the export market. Home clearance specialist, established 30 years. Tel 737542 for an offer you can’t refuse. TV VIDEO Sales and Service. Free estimates. White Electronics. Tel. 844521. Today you can do anything you set your mind to. Romance is in the air and the end of the week is good time for investing money. Sheff Wed 1 Leeds 1 David Hirst scored a goal in the last minute to equalize as he warmed up for Wembley last night, but there was a scare for Sheffield Wednesday team-mate Danny Wilson. RIVALS: Richard Wilson (left) as Weldrew and Lovejoy star Ian McShane (right). DOWN 4. Don’t go along with rubbish! (4) 12. Read and translate the text. Find the definition of the word combinations in bold. The definitions are given after the text. Journalists gather news in a number of different ways. They may get stories from pressure groups which want to air their views in public. They seek publicity for their opinions and may hold press conferences or may issue a statement/press release. A person who especially wishes to attract news attention will try to include a sound bite in what they say. It is particularly hard for journalists to get material in the silly season. Journalists also get stories by tapping useful sources and by monitoring international news agencies like Reuters. The more important a story is, the more column inches it will be given in the newspaper. Journalists of different political persuasions often put their own gloss/spin on a story and some journalists gather stories by muck-raking. present a story in a particular way people trying to influence what other people think about particular issue collecting scandal (informal and disapproving) give a formal announcement to the press space short memorable sentence or phase that will be repeated in news bulletins and articles regularly checking express their opinions making use of people or organizations which regularly provide news want to reach a wider audience time of the year, summer in the UK, when there is not much happening and trivial stories end up on the front page meetings to give information to and answer questions from the press 13. Match the two parts of the collocations. Use them in the sentences of your own. air issue muck press pressure silly sound tap groups conference bite season raking sources a statement your views 14. Choose any newspaper (it could be in your own language) and complete the following sentences. The main story today is about ………………………. . The editorial is about ………………………………….. . There are readers’ letters on page …………….. and they deal with the following topics: ……………….. . The most interesting feature is about ………………... . There is some scandal on page ……. , a crossword on page ……… , a cartoon on page ……. And some small ads on page ………….. . The most interesting business story is about …………….. and the largest sports article is about ……………... . The most striking photograph shows ……………… . There are advertisements for ………., …………….. and …………. . An article about …………. on page …………. made me feel ………… . 15. TranslateintoEnglish. Возможно, Англия – единственная страна в мире, где есть такая разнообразная пресса. Центральные ежедневные газеты отличаются характером сообщаемой информации. С одной стороны, существуют газеты полного формата «quality»: The Times, The Independent, The Financial Times, The Guardian. Они сообщают читателям важные политические и другие новости в стране и за рубежом. С другой стороны, существуют газеты для широкой публики и бульварная пресса. Бульварная пресса, среди которой самыми читаемыми являются The Daily Mail, The Daily Mirror, The Sun, ориентируются на эмоциональную подачу материала. Часто говорят, что бульварная пресса скорее развлекает, чем информирует. В ней часто используются крупные заголовки, и чаще всего освещаются события, которые обычно называются новостями первой полосы. Много места отводится светской хронике: частной жизни королевской семьи и кинозвезд, криминальной хронике, рекламе и т.п. Кроме 12 центральных ежедневных газет, которые не выходят по воскресеньям, есть воскресные газеты. Они содержат больше материала для чтения, чем ежедневные издания. Некоторые из них имеют цветные приложения – отдельные цветные журналы, содержащие большие статьи, сопровождаемые фотографиями. Британские газеты принадлежат как частным лицам, так и издательствам. Редакторы газет имеют право абсолютной свободы слова. В Англии есть ряд газет с политическим уклоном. NEWSPAPER STYLE Newspaper style may be defined as a system of interrelated lexical, phraseological and grammatical means as a separate unity that informs and instructs the reader. The vocabulary used in newspaper style is primarily neutral and commonly literary. But this style has some specific features, which define this style and distinguishes it from other styles.
To understand the language peculiarities of the newspaper style it is important to analyse the following basic newspaper genres: Newspaper Style     Headlines Articles Brief News Items Advertisements and Announcements NEWSPAPER HEADLINE ENGLISH The headline is the title given to a news item or a newspaper article. The main function of the headline is to inform the reader briefly of what the news that follows is about. Composing headlines is a real art demanding much creativity on the author's part. They are usually written in a sensational way in order to arouse the reader's curiosity. A. FEATURES OF HEADLINE LANGUAGE
1. Read the headlines taken from American and British newspapers and identify the means employed to make them striking. GOVERNMENT TO SLASH HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEART SWAP BOY BETTER £2M Germs Stolen PC Shot in Bank Raid The golden egg is ready to be hatched All the Word’s in Love With Shakespeare £3M DRUGS SEIZED AT AIRPORT WOMAN QUITS AFTER JOB ORDEAL Crowd Violence Mars Cup Final Why jeopardize the innocent? Other ways exist to fight crime Typhoid Scare in Southwest Money Laundering Probe Focuses on Two Swiss Companies The Life of Edgar Allan Poe, a Hall of Mirrors 2. These headlines were written in a tabloid newspaper about Ancient Greece. Match them with the subjects of their stories and comment on the features of headline language they contain. 1. NUDE SCIENTIST IN BATHTUB SENSATION 2. KING PHIL’S MACEDONIAN MASH-UP 3. MARATHON MAN IN DROP-DEAD DASH 4.GUADRUPLE ROYAL MURDER SENSATION 5. IT’S CURTAINS FOR CORINTH A) Mysterious death of four members of the royal family. B) Philip of Macedonia wins battle against city states of Athens and Thebes. C) Archimedes’ discovery of the laws governing the displacement of water. D) Burning of the city of Corinth to ground by the Romans. E) Long-distance runner brings news of battle victory to Athens and then dies. B. VIOLENT WORDS Violent and militaristic words are often used in newspaper headlines, especially in tabloid newspapers, in order to make stories seem more dramatic. EU ACTS TO CRASH TERROR OF THE THUGS CRACKDOWN ON SOCCER LOUTS PALACE BESIEGED BY JOURNALISTS TYPHOON RIPS THROUGH TOWN C. PLAYING WITH WORDS Many newspaper headlines in English attract readers’ attention by playing on words in an entertaining way. For example, a story about the theft of traffic signs erected to help tourists coming to see a solar eclipse in the area was headlined Dark deeds. In this collocation dark usually carries the meaning of wicked, but the headline is cleverly playing with the word dark because at the time of an eclipse the sky goes dark. Another example is the use of the headline Ruffled feathers to describe an incident where a wfe was angry with her husband, a wildlife expert, for allowing a Russian steppe eagle to sleep in their bedroom. We use the idiom to smooth someone’s ruffled feathers, meaning to pacify smb. after an argument. It is apt to use it here as the story is about a bird (although, it was the woman’s feathers which she ruffled) 3. Match the headline to its story and explain the play on words in each case. 1.Bad blood 2. Happy days? 3. Shell-shocked 4. False impressions 5. Happy haunting 6. Hopping mad 7. Flushed 8. Highly embarrassed 9.Round-up a) a grandfather’s breathing problems were solved when doctors found four false teeth at the entrance to his lungs. They had been forced down his windpipe in a car crash eight years ago. b) a 25-year-old terrapin is being treated for a fractured shell after surviving a 200ft drop c) a Shetland teacher has suggested Labradors or golden retrievers could be used to control pupils in playgrounds d) a ghost society has been told not to scare off a friendly female apparition at a hotel e) adults who have never quite grown up are to be offered school theme nights including uniforms, register, assembly and primary school dinners by a Nottingham hotel f) an ex-public loo in Hackney, East London, is to be sold for £76,000 g) a Whitby curate has attacked the resort’s attempts to profit on its connections with Dracula: ‘a pale-faced man with a bad sense of fiction, severe dental problems and an eating disorder’. h) a toad triggered a police alert when it set off a new hi-tech alarm system i) firemen had to scale a 30-foot tree in St Leonard’s, East Sussex, to rescure a man who was trying to capture his pet iguana. Short words save space, and so they are very common in newspaper headlines. Some of the short words in headlines are unusual newspaper headlines. Some of the short words in headlines are unusual in ordinary language (e. g. curb, meaning ‘restrict’ or ‘restriction’), and some are used in special senses which they do not have in ordinary language (e. g. bid, meaning ‘attempt’). Other words are chosen not because they are short but because they sound dramatic (e. g. blaze, which means ‘big fire’, and is used in headlines to refer to any fire). The following is the list of common headline vocabulary.
4. In the headlines below substitute the words in brackets with the words from the box above. a) AMERICA (supports) BRITISH PEACE MOVE b) NEW PRICE (restriction) c) UNIONS (help) HOSPITAL STRIKERS d) NEW TRADE (connection) WITH PERU e) SIX DIE IN HOTEL (fire) f) JAIL BREAK (three people) RECAPTURED g) TRADE UNION LEADERS (leave angrily) MEETING WITH MINISTER h) BIG RESPONSE TO (appeal for help) FOR FLOOD AID i) DOCTOR (is found innocent) OF DRUGS CHARGE j) SCOTTISH ROAD PLAN GETS (approval) k) (step) TO (encourage) TRADE LINKS WITH JAPAN l) DOCTORS (criticize) NEW MINISTRYPLANS m) JAPANESE WOMEN IN NEW EVEREST (attempt) n) TORIES AHEAD IN (election) o) MODERATES (are driven out) IN UNION ELECTIONS 5. Explain what the following headlines mean in ordinary English 1. SHOP BLAZE 5 DEAD 2. MOVE TO CREATE MORE JOBS 3. GO-AHEAD FOR WATER CURBS 4. WOMAN QUITS AFTER JOB ORDEAL 5. POLL PROBES SPENDING HABITS 6. BID TO OUST PM 7. PRINCE VOWS TO BACK FAMILY 8. PM TO CURB SPENDING 9. BOOK LINKS M15 WITH KGB 10. CHANCELLOR CUTS INTEREST RATES 11. BOMB BLASTS CENTRAL LONDON 12. PM PLEDGES BACKING EUROPE 13. PRESIDENT HEADS PEACE MOVES 14. HOOLIGANS RAMPAGE THROUGH STREETS 15. PAKISTAN PULLS OUT OF PEACE TALKS WITH INDIA 6. Besides newspaper headlines vocabulary, very often use of ellipsis also results in ambiguity in headlines. Consider the following examples a) Farmer Bill Dies In House b) Iraqi Head Seeks Arms c) Prostitutes Appeal To Pope d) Enraged Cow Injures Farmer With Ax e) Eye Drops Off Shelf f) Squad Helps Dog Bite Victim g) Killer Sentenced To Die For Second Time In 10 Years h) Hospitals Are Sued By 7 Foot Doctors i) New Vaccine May Contain Rabies j) Lansing Residents Can Drop Off Trees k) New Study For Obesity Looks For Larger Test Group l) Typhoon Rips Through Cemetery, Hundreds Dead m) Red Tape Holds Up New Bridge 5. Such misleading sentences are called Garden Path Sentences (the expression is derived from the corresponding idiom). Why are they funny? Is the ambiguity structural, lexical or pragmatic? 6. Make up brief news items to illustrate the headlines. 7. You are applying for a job of the headliner in Monday Weekly. You are to compose headlines using the themes below to demonstrate your skills. Be aware of the garden path sentences! a) Last night a police constable was killed in a bank robbery. b) Our school education system demands more money. c) US Government will increase financial help to developing economies. d) Environmentalists insist on the necessity to save water supplies from contamination. e) As reported by a very good authority, there will be no increase of the Value Added Tax this year. f) The owner of the new Pizza Hut is facing financial trouble. g) The gang of ten children set their school on fire. h) The world champion in boxing is going to marry a top model. i) In Milwaukee the election campaign is to begin next month. The final list of the candidates for the post of the governor is already announced. BRIEF NEWS ITEMS All the peculiarities of newspaper vocabulary can be suitable for brief news items, but this style has a number of its specific features:
Read these brief news items taken from the Independent, an English newspaper. Analyse the syntax and wording in the terms of peculiarities listed above HOME NEWS IN BRIEF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||