Методичка Усвят НД. Российской федерации гоу впо алтайский государственный университет международный институт экономики, менеджмента и информационных систем в экономик
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Basics of Economics
basic – основной, главный to buy – покупать be concerned with – заниматься чем-л., касаться чего-л. business – дело, занятие capital goods – основные средства, средства производства capital resources – капитал компании, собственные фонды choice – выбор to choice – выбирать to make a choice – делать выбор to consume – потреблять consumer – потребитель consumer goods – товары народного потребления consumption – потребление to define – определять definition – определение distribution – распределение economic – экономический economic forces – экономические факторы economical – экономичный, экономный economically – экономично, экономно economics – экономика (как наука) economist- экономист economy – экономика (страны, мира) to economize – экономить to employ – нанимать на работу envisage – рассматривать expenditure – расходы goods – товары income – доход to invest – вкладывать to meet one′s wants – удовлетворять потребности money – деньги need – первостепенная необходимость precisely – точно producer – производитель product – продукт, продукция production – производство to produce – производить, выпускать to purchase – покупать, закупать purchase – покупка, закупка relationship – связь, отношение resource – ресурс, средство resources – ресурсы human resources – кадры, персонал natural resources – природные ресурсы scarce – дефицитный science – наука service – оказание услуг, обслуживание tax – налог to use – использовать, применять, употреблять use – использование, применение, употребление wants – потребности wealth – богатство
Exc. 1. Choose the right variant.
Exc. 2. Match the words with their definitions.
Exc. 3. Choose the right variant and complete the sentences. economist resource employ economy use
Exc. 4. Read and translate the text. Defining Economics What do you think of when you hear the word economics? Money, certainly, and perhaps more complicated things like business, inflation and unemployment. The science of economics studies all of these, but many more things as well. Perhaps you think that economics is all about the decisions that governments and business managers take. In fact, economics study the decisions that we all take every day. Economics is a science concerned with how people use available resources to satisfy their wants through the process of production and exchange. There have been many definitions of economics in the past. The earliest definitions envisaged economics as the study of wealth and the older name for economics was “political economy”. Later economics was defined as “the practical science of the production and distribution of wealth”. At the turn of the 19th century economists defined economics as a study of man’s actions in the ordinary business of life. At that time economics focused on how men got their incomes and used them. In more recent years, the subject of economics was defined more precisely as “the science which studies human behavior as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses”. Today economics deals with data on income, employment, expenditure, prices, production, consumption, transportation and trade. Exc.5. Discuss the following:
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