Английский язык спецтексты для филологов
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Lesson 4. Newspapers. Part IIDespite the general classification of ‘quality’ and ‘popular’, the Express, Mail and Today are distinctive enough from the Sun, Star and Mirror to be more accu- rately defined as ‘middle market’. In a class of its own is the Morning Star, founded in 1930 by the Communist Party as the Daily Worker. It is now strug- gling to survive, with a circulation of less than 18 000. Of the Sunday ‘qualities’, the Sunday Times leads the field with a circulation of over a million. It has built a reputation for the range and excellence of its writ- ing and reporting, and is produced in eight separate sections: a main news section and others devoted to sport, news reviews, business, the arts, job advertisements (mainly in industry and business), fashion and travel, and book reviews. It was founded in 1822 and is politically right of centre. The Observer is the oldest Sun- day paper, founded in 1791. It has a circulation of around half a million and polit- ically it is ‘middle of the road’. The Sunday Telegraph, founded in 1961, is more right-wing, like its sister daily. Its circulation, now about half a million, has been steadily declining. The Independent on Sunday was first published in 1990. The best-selling Sunday ‘popular’ is the News of the World, with a circulation of around 5 million. The paper, founded in 1843, has a reputation for its detailed reports of crime and sex stories but also for its sports reports and its political comment. The Sunday Mirror has a circulation of about 3 million, and like its sis- ter daily paper contains mainly popular items on celebrities in the news, with much gossip and many photographs. Its rival is The People, a paper with a circu- lation of about 2,5 million and an emphasis on ‘true life’ stories and features. Both the Sunday Express and Mail on Sunday have circulation of just under 2 mil- lion, and likewise resemble their daily equivalents in style and content. The Sun- day Sport, founded in 1986, contains many colour photographs of people, espe- cially nudes, in unconventional poses, as well as generally titillating stories. It has a circulation of about half a million. Almost all Sunday papers have accompany- ing colour magazines. As well as the national press, there are many regional daily papers such as the Yorkshire Post, the Northern Echo, the Western Mail and the Scotsman. Evening papers include the Evening Standard in London, the Manchester Evening News and the Liverpool Echo. There are also local weekly papers, and many local pa- pers delivered free and paid for entirely from advertising. Because of the size of the USA, there are few national newspapers. Apart from the popular paper USA Today, only the New York Times, the Chicago Tribune and the Wall Street Journal have anything like a nationwide readership, mainly thanks to satellite technology. The Times is generally regarded as America’s most pres- tigious paper. The Journal is the leading financial and business newspaper, and currently has a circulation of about 2 million, the highest in the country. But there are influential regional papers, among them the Washington Post, the New York Daily News, the Philadelphia Enquirer, the San Francisco Examiner, and the Christian Science Monitor (not a religious paper, despite its title). USA Today, founded in 1982, is the leading popular daily paper, with short news reports, live- ly feature stories, and items of practical advice. The tabloid weekly newspapers, such as the National Enquirer and the Star, with circulation of around 4,5 and 3,5 million respectively, are sold in supermarkets throughout the country. There are no separate Sunday papers, as there are in Britain, but most dailies have special Sunday editions, with the notable exception of the Wall Street Jour- nal and USA Today. Some of them are remarkable for their size, particularly the New York Times, which can run to 150 pages. From Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, p. 605 Vocabularydespite – несмотря на, невзирая на distinctive – отличительный, особый, оригинальный, уникальный accurately defined as – точно определённый, охарактеризованный как middle market – рынок малого бизнеса struggle to survive – бороться за выживание circulation – тираж leads the field – лидировать в какой-либо области build a reputation – построить репутацию range – диапазон, размах, область writing – стиль, манера письма reporting – отчёт, репортаж, сообщение news reviews – критические обзоры статей book review – рецензия на книгу, книжное обозрение middle of the road – неэкстремистский, средний, умеренный, рассчитан- ный на массовый вкус, пользующийся популярностью у «среднего класса», людей с консервативными вкусами sister – родственный, дочерний, сестринский steadily declining – постоянно убывающий, сокращающийся best-selling – ходовой, популярный political comment – политический обзор popular items on celebrities – материалы, сообщения, новости о знамени- тостях gossip – сплетни, слухи rival – соперник, конкурент emphasis on – акцент на что-либо ‘true life’ story – настоящая, непридуманная история, правдивый рассказ likewise – подобным образом, аналогично этому resemble in smth. – походить на, иметь сходство nude – обнажённая фигура unconventional – нестандартный, нетипичный, зд. непристойный titillating stories – щекотливые истории accompany – сопровождать, дополнять include – включать delivered free – с бесплатной доставкой на дом entirely from advertising – исключительно только от рекламы apart from – кроме того, помимо, за исключением nationwide readership – читательская аудитория, контингент читателей в масштабе всей страны mainly – главным образом thanks to satellite technology – благодаря спутниковой технике prestigious paper – авторитетная, влиятельная газета, пользующаяся пре- стижем currently – в настоящее время, на сегодняшний день, в последнее время influential regional papers – влиятельные региональные газеты among them – среди них despite its title – несмотря на название lively feature stories – яркие, живые очерки, тематические статьи items of practical advice –практические заметки (в газете) respectively – соответственно throughout the country – по всей стране separate – отдельный special Sunday edition – специальное воскресное издание, воскресный вы- пуск (газеты) notable exception – известное, примечательное, достойное внимания ис- ключение run to 150 pages – достигать, доходить до ста пятидесяти страниц |