И. В. Арнольд
 Скачать 1.82 Mb.
|
|
Oxford Dictionaries The Oxford English Dictionary (OED). A corrected reissue of the New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (NED): In thirteen vols/Ed. by J. A.H.Murray, H. Bradley, W.A. Craigie, C.T. Onions. 3rd ed., revised, with corrections. Oxford, 1977. (First publ. in 1933.) A Supplement to the Oxford English Dictionary: In three vols / Ed. by R.W. Burchfield. Oxford, 1980. The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles: In two vols / Prepared by W. Little, H.W. Fowler and J. Coulson; revised and ed. by C.T. Onions. 3rd ed. Oxford, 1973. (First publ. in 1933.) The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English/ Ed. by H.W. Fowler and F.G. Fowler. Oxford, 1956. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology/ Ed. by C.T. Onions. Oxford, 1966. The Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs/ Compiled by W.G. Smith. 3rd ed. Oxford, 1976. Barnhart C.L. World Book Dictionary. Chicago, 1975. Barnhart C.L., Steinmetz, Sol, Barnhart R.K. A Dictionary of New English. 1963-1972. London, 1973. Barnhart C.L., Steinmetz, Sol, Barnhart R.K. The Second Barnhart Dictionary of New English. 1973-1979. N.Y., 1980. Chambers’s Twentieth Century Dictionary / Ed. by W. Geddie. Edinburgh — London, 1958. (First publ. in 1901.) The Heritage Illustrated Dictionary of the English Language/Ed. by W. Morris. N.Y., 1975. Hornby A.S. The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. London, 1974. Jones, Daniel. Everyman’s English Pronouncing Dictionary. 11th ed. London — New York, 1963. (First publ. in 1917.) Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. London, 1978. Random House Dictionary of the English Language. The unabridged edition / Ed. by J. Stein. N.Y., 1971.” Webster’s New World Dictionary of American Language. N.Y., 1978. Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language. Springfield, Mass., 1961. Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language. Pocket size edition/ Ed. by D.B. Guralnik. N.Y., 1977. SUBJECT INDEX Abbreviation 142-145 Ablaut combinations 130 Ablaut or vowel gradation 146 Abstracted forms 106, 218, 219 Acronyms 142-145, 218 Adaptive system 10ff, 21, 143, 216ff: see System, lexical adaptive Affixes 77-107 Allomorphs 101, 102 Amelioration 70 American English 265-270 Antonyms 182, 201, 209-215 antonyms, absolute 209ff antonyms derivational 209ff Aphaeresis, aphesis 138 Apocope 138 Archaic words 205, 220 Assimilation of loan words 255-259 Assimilation of synonyms 205, 255-259 Australian variant 270, 271 Back-formation 127, 150-152 Bahuvrihi 123, 125 Barbarism 256, 258 Basic form 153, 185 Bias words 49 Blends, blending 141, 142 Borrowing, borrowed affixes and words: see Loan words Bound forms 77, 80 Boundary cases 102, 103, 121 Canadianism 270 Cliché 179-181 Clipping: see Shortening Cockney 262, 263 Cognate words 79ff Colloquial words 145, 245-249 Combinations, phraseological 170, 171 Combining forms 80, 104-106 Combining power 194; see also Valency Complementary distribution 101ff Componential analysis 41, 57-59 Compounds 78, 108-152 Compound adjectives 125, 126 Compound derivatives: see Derivational compounds Compound nouns 123-125 Compound verbs 126, 127 Compounds, asyntactic 111 Compounds, endocentric and exocentric 111, 123ff Compounds, syntactic 111 Connotation and connotative meaning 40-50, 97, 177, 230-238, 251 Contextual analysis 56, 57 Contrastive and contrary notions 209ff Conversion 18, 153-164 Conversives 73, 209-215 Correlation of oppositions 26, 81, 111 Curtailment 134 Dead suffixes 100 Degradation of meaning: see Pejoration Demotivation 132 Denotative meaning 40, 47-50 Derivational affixes 77, 87ff Derivational compounds 127 Derivatives 10, 76ff Determinant and determinatum 108ff Diachronic (approach) 10//, 155//, 216 Dialect 262 Dictionaries 272-285 Dictionary, bilingual 272ff Dictionary, explanatory 272ff Dictionary, machine-translation 275 Diminutive suffixes 97 Disintegration of polysemy: see Split of polysemy Distinctive feature 25, 26, 53, 146, 185 Distinctive stress 15, 147, 148 Distribution 13, 101 Doublets, etymological 136, 137, 259 260 Echoism, echo words: see Sound imitation Elevation: see Amelioration Ellipsis 139ff Emotional tone (colouring, connotation, component, force) 43, 44, 233ff, 437; see also Connotations Emotive speech 234 Equivalence 23 Equonym 197 Etymology 10, 15, 79 Euphemism 75, 207 Evaluative connotation 48 False etymology 131 Form words 18, 187, 222-223 Formatives, inner 89 Formatives, outer 77-89 Free forms 77ff, 129, 131 Functional affixes 87-90 Functional change: see Conversion Functional styles 240-250 Fusions or portmanteau words: see Blends Fusion phraseological 170 Fuzzy sets 6, 21, 26 Generic terms 39, 63, 196 Generalisation 62-63 Glossary 274 Historism 220 Holophrasis 122ff Homograph 185 Homonyms and homonymy 154ff, 182-194 Homonymy, patterned 155ff, 183ff, 191 Homophone 154, 184ff Hybrids 106, 107 Hyperbole 69 Hyperonymy 196, 197 Hyponym 196, 197, 226-229 Ideographic groups 226, 227 Ideolect 209 Idioms: see Set expressions Immediate constituents 83-87, 141 Implicational 41, 50 Indivisibility 28 Informal vocabulary 242 Information retrieval 13 Integrity 30, 114 Intensifier 235 Intensifying connotation 49 International words 260, 261 Irony 69 Learned words 243 Lexical group 26 Lexical variants 207, 208 Lexicalisation 18 Lexico-grammatical class or group 224 Lexico-grammatical meaning: see Meaning, lexico-grammatical Lexico-grammatical variant 51, 52 Lexicography 191-194, 272ff Linguostylistics 240ff Litotes 69 Loan words 100, 135, 252-259 Marked member of the opposition 242 Meaning, contextual 54 Meaning, denotative 40, 47 Meaning, figurative 52 Meaning, grammatical 39, 99 Meaning, lexical 16, 37ff, 42-47 Meaning, lexico-grammatical 16, 224 Metaphor 64ff Metonymy 64ff Morpheme 19, 77-107 Morphemic analysis 81ff Motivation 33-36, 83, 95 Native words 204ff, 252ff Neologism 134, 216-220 Neutralisation, semantic 196 Non-semantic grouping 238, 239 Nonce usage 55, 245 Nonce words 18 Notion 42-47 Obsolete words 177, 205 Official vocabulary 243 Onomasiological approach 24 Onomasiology 55 Onomatopoeia 148ff Onomatopoeic words: see Sound imitation Onomatopoeic stems 129 Oppositions 23, 25, 184ff, 195,215,225, 241 Opposition, basis of 26 Opposition, binary 215, 242 Opposition, equipollent 242 Opposition, lexical 134, 145, 241 Opposition, polydimensional 26 Opposition, privative 215 Opposition, proportional 98 Opposition, synonymic 195 Opposition, theory of 25, 26 Paradigm 156ff Paradigmatic 24, 201 Paralinguistics 14 Paronyms 207, 208 Patterned homonymy: see Homonymy, patterned Patterns, word-building 90-95, 133 Patterns, new word-forming 133 Pejoration 70 Phrasal verbs: see Verbal collocations Phraseology: see Set expressions Poetic diction 244 Polysemy and polysemantic words 41, 50-57, 182 Polysemy, disintegration of: see Split of polysemy Positional mobility 29, 30 Pragmalinguistics 14, 47ff, 240 Prefix 13ff, 213 Proper nouns 43, 62, 66-69 Proverbs 179ff Pseudo-compounds 131 Quotation compounds and quotation derivation 122, 123, 129 Quotations, familiar 179-181 Reduplication 129, 130 Referent 31, 32 Register 241ff Rhyme combinations 130, 131 Roots 77ff, 153ff, 188 Semantic change 60-76 Semantic change, extralinguistic causes of 73-76 Semantic change, linguistic causes of 71-73 Semantic component: see Seme Semantic field 226, 228, 229 Semantic structure of the Word 10, 42, 50-55 Semantic triangle 31-33 Semasiology 37 Seme 41-59 Semi-affixes 84, 102, 116-118 Semi-fixed combinations 166-167 Set expressions 19, 165-181 Shortened words and shortening 134-145 Simplification of stems 132 Slang 140, 249-251 Sociolinguistics 11, 230, 240 Sound imitation or onomatopoeia 129, 148ff Sound interchange 145-147 Sound symbolism 130 Specialisation 61, 62 Split of polysemy 188ff Stem 77ff, 90-95 ‘Stone-wall’ problem 118-120 Stress, distinctive 147, 148 Style, functional 240-248 Substantivation 161, 162 Suffixes 77-107, 213 Suppletion, lexical 90, 243 Synchronic (approach) 10ff, 155ff, 216 Syncope 138 Synonymic differentiation 209 Synonymic dominant 196 Synonyms 178, 182ff, 194-209 Synonymy, sources of 203-205 Syntagmatic vs paradigmatic relations 23 System, lexical or vocabulary 10ff, 38, 152, 182ff, 215 System, lexical adaptive 10ff, 21, 216 Technical terms and terminology 229-233 Telescoping and portmanteau words 141 Thematic groups 226ff Transformations, explanatory 59, 192 Transposition 153, 163 Ultimate constituents 81, 84 Umlaut 146 Understatement: see Litotes Uninterruptability 29, 30 Unities, phraseological 170ff Valency 24, 90-95, 195, 200 Variants or regional varieties 262ff Verbal collocations of the ‘giveup' type 120, 121, 161, 206 Vowel gradation 146 Vowel mutation 146 Word, definition of 27-31 Word equivalents 9, 20, 167 Word-family 77ff, 222 Word-formation analysis 81ff Word-formation, types of 163 Zero derivation: see Conversion УЧЕБНОЕ ИЗДАНИЕ Ирина Владимировна Арнольд лексикология современного английского языка (на английском языке) Заведующий редакцией И. Э. Волкова. Редактор В. И. Киселева. Младший редактор Е. Г. Назарова. Художник В. И. Казакова. Художественный редактор В. И. Пономаренко. Технический редактор 3. А. Муслимова. Старший корректор Н. А. Каджардузова, ИБ № 5959 Изд. № А-874. Сдано в набор 14.03.86. Подп. в печать 28.07.86. Формат 60X90V1/16 Бум. тип. № 2. Гарнитура литературная. Печать высокая. Объем 18,5 усл. печ. л. 18,5 усл. кр.-отт. 23 уч. изд. л. Тираж 17000 экз. Зак. № 1697. Цена 1 р. 10 к. Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Московская типография № 7 «Искра революции» «Союзполиграфпрома» Государственного комитета СССР по делам издательств, полиграфии и книжной торговли. Москва, 121019, пер. Аксакова, 13. Издательство «Высшая школа», 101430, Москва, ГСП-4, Неглинная ул., д. 29/14. |