Методические указания по устным экзаменационным темам для студентов всех форм обучения
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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РФ ВОЛЖСКИЙ ПОЛИТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ (ФИЛИАЛ) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО БЮДЖЕТНОГО ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «ВОЛГОГРАДСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ» КАФЕДРА «СОЦИАЛЬНО-ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ» АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Методические указания по устным экзаменационным темам для студентов всех форм обучения Методические указания  Волгоград 2014 ББК 81.2 Англ-9 Рецензент: канд. филолог. наук, доцент В.Б. Крячко Английский язык: методические указания по устным экзаменационным темам для студентов дневной и заочной форм обучения 1 и 2 курсов. /Сост.: Т.А. Галицына, О.В. Мозговая, Н.С. Хван; Волгоград. гос. тех. ун-т. - Волгоград, 2014. – 41с. Методические указания предназначены для студентов I и II курсов. В методических указаниях представлены материалы, необходимые для сдачи устного экзамена по английскому языку: тексты по заданной тематике, сопровождающиеся вспомогательным словарем, упражнения на закрепление материала, задания для ведения дискуссии. Цель указаний – подготовить студентов к сдаче устного экзамена по английскому языку. Библиогр.: 6 назв. Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета Волгоградского государственного технического университета. © Волгоградский государственный технический университет, 2014 TOPIC № 1 OUR INSTITUTE I. Vocabulary: 1. academic year - учебный год 2. accompany - сопровождать 3. attend – посещать 4. be equipped with - быть оборудованным 5. branch - филиал 6. carry out – проводить, выполнять 7. day-time department - дневное отделение 8. evening department -вечернее отделение 9. general engineering subjects – общетехнические предметы 10. research work - исследовательская работа 11. train - подготавливать 12. up-to-date equipment - современное оборудование OUR INSTITUTE Our Institute was set up in 1965 as an evening branch of the Volgograd Polytechnical Institute. In 1994 the Volzhsky branch was reformed to the Polytechnical Institute. There is the Faculty of Auto-mechanics and the Faculty of Economics and Engineering. Students also have an opportunity to study at the day-time and extra-mural departments. I study at the day-time department. The day-time and extra-mural departments at our institute train students in many specialties: machine-building, automobile transport, chemical engineering economics, chemical technology and others. The academic year is divided into two terms. Students take exams at the end of each semester. The first and second year students study general engineering subjects: higher mathematics, chemistry, physics, drawing, strength of materials, elements of machines. The course of studies lasts 4 or 6 years. The study of theory is accompanied by practical training. Our institute has 4 buildings. There are laboratories, a library, a computer centre, workshops, an assembly hall, a stadium. The laboratories are equipped with up-to-date equipment and there students can carry out lab works and conduct various experiments. Many students do their own research work. Every day the students have 6 hours of studies. It is interesting but difficult to study at our institute. The graduates of our institute will work at different industrial enterprises, design and research institutes. They will determine the scientific and technological progress of our country. III. True or false: Our Institute was set up 14 years ago. There are two departments at our Institute. The academic year is divided into three terms. Students must attend only seminars. First and second year students do not study general engineering subjects. 6. In the first year students begin to study special subjects. Many students do their own research work. The graduates of our institute will work at schools. IV. Answer the questions: 1. When was the Institute set up? 2. Is there an evening department at our institute? 3. Students must attend all the lectures and seminars, mustn't they? 4. When do the students take exams? 5. What subjects do the students study? 6. Is the study of theory accompanied by practical training or by research work? 7. Is it easy to study at the Institute? V. Translate: дневное отделение, готовить студентов по 11 специальностям, первокурсники и второкурсники, курс обучения, практика, научно-технический прогресс. VI. Complete the sentences: 1. Our Institute was set up in 1965 as... 2. The academic year is divided... 3. They take exams... 4. They also study... 5. The study of theory is... 6. Every day the students... 7. The laboratories are equipped with... VII. Speak about: l. Do professors always know more than students? 2. Why is higher education important in the life of every country? TOPIC № 2 OUR HOME TOWN I. Vocabulary: 1. assembly – сборка 2. be eager – желать 3. bearing – подшипник 4. be inhabited by – быть населенным 5. be proud of – гордиться 6. construction – строительство, стройка 7. customer – покупатель, заказчик 8. exceed – превышать 9. favourable climate – благоприятный климат 10. foreign enterprises – иностранные предприятия 11. grinding products – шлифовальные материалы 12. growth – рост 13. hydro-electric power station – гидроэлектростанция 14. pipe – труба 15. settlement – поселение II. Read the text: Volzhsky is a young town. Its history began with the construction of the hydroelectric power station on the Volga. Firstly, there was a settlement for hydroelectric station builders. In July 22, 1954 the settlement was renamed Volzhsky. This date is considered the birthday of our town. The Chief of the construction site Feodor Loginov is rightly considered the founder of Volzhsky. Now the town is inhabited by more than three hundred thousand people of different nationalities, who have come from other regions of our country. Thousands of residents from the Urals, Siberia, the Ukraine, Kasakhstan and Tatarstan, from the Caucasus and middle Asia have come to our rapidly developing town. Volzhsky is an important industrial centre of Russia. One can find here not only the largest hydro-electric power station in Europe, but also the pipe works producing pipes of different size and type used in mechanical engineering. In many foreign countries there are regular customers of various chemical, machinery, metallurgical products produced in Volzhsky. World famous are grinding products, abrasive instruments and bearings. Volzhsky products have often won international and Russian prizes. The town is proud of its assembly bus line. Many foreign enterprises and companies have invested and are eager to invest in our town. This testifies to a most perspective economic growth of the region. Though Volzhsky is situated in the steppes, the number of trees here exceeds their number in many large and small towns with a more favourable climate in Russia. One can see a beautiful park with fountains and statues which are worth photographing. The river and the canal are used for rowing and boating. There is a yacht club as well. Volzhsky is an important educational centre with several branches of Volgograd and Moscow Universities. A suburb of Volgograd has now grown into an industrial, cultural and educational centre. III. Complete the sentences using the words from the text: 1. … … is considered the birthday of our town. 2. Now the town … … by more than three hundred thousand people. 3. Volzhsky is a … … centre of Russia. 4. World famous are … … and … . 5. The town is proud of its … … . 6. Many foreign enterprises and companies have invested and … … in our town. 7. The river and the canal are used for … . 8. Volzhsky is an important … … . 9. A suburb of Volgograd … … an industrial, cultural and educational centre. 10. One can see a beautiful park with fountains and statues which are … … . IV. Answer the questions: 1. What began the history of Volzhsky? 2. What date is considered the birthday of our town? 3. The town is inhabited by more than five hundred thousand people of different nationalities, isn’t it? 4. People of what nationalities can we meet in our town? 5. What industrial enterprises of Volzhsky are considered to be world famous? 6. What is the town proud of? 7. What kind of climate is there in our region? Is it favorable? 8. What educational institutions are there in our town? 9. What sports can you do in our town? 10. Where is it possible to spend our free time in Volzhsky? V. Find English equivalents in the text: Гидроэлектростанция, основатель, город населен, стоит сфотографировать, город-спутник Волгограда, несколько филиалов, тысячи жителей, быстро развивающийся город, абразивный инструмент, постоянные покупатели, зарубежные предприятия, экономический рост. VI. Discuss the following statements: 1. There had been a settlement called Bezrodnoye long before Volzhsky appeared. 2. It’s far better to live in a small town than in a big city. TOPIC № 3 GREAT BRITAIN I. Vocabulary: 1. aircraft – авиационный 2. comprise – включать 3. highland – возвышенность 4. the House of Commons – Палата общин 5. lowland – низменность 6. might – могущество 7. mild – мягкий 8. possess – обладать 9. power – держава 10. respectively – соответственно 11. the United Kingdom – Соединенное королевство 12. Weave – переплетение II. Read the text: Great Britain has the official name - The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (or the UK – for short).The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousand small islands. Their total area is over 244,000 square kilometers. Administratively the UK is divided into 55 counties. The UK is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively. Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales and doesn't include Northern Ireland. The capital of the UK is London. The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The English Channel between France and England is one of the busiest sea lanes in the world. Its size is 50 km (130 m under the sea). The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea. The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands, while the south, which has beautiful valleys and plains, is called the Lowlands. The highest mountain of the UK is Ben Nevis in Scotland. There are a lot of rivers in GB, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one. The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence on the climate of the British Isles. It is mild. The weather in GB is very changeable. The English people say: "Other countries have a climate; in England we have weather." The English also say that they have three variants of weather: when it rains in the morning, when it rains in the afternoon or when it rains all day long. The most unpleasant aspect of English weather is fog and smog. This is extremely bad in big cities especially in London. The fog spreads everywhere so cars move along slowly and people can't see each other. They try not to be run over by a car but still accidents are frequent in the fog. Great Britain is a highly developed industrial power. It possesses some mineral resources: coal, iron ores, oil, gas and some metals. The country is known as one of the world largest producers and exporters of electronics and machinery, chemicals and textile, various aircraft and navigation equipment. Among the main industrial branches are also coal-mining, automobile, ship-building and metallurgical. The capital of the country is London. It is the largest political, cultural and industrial centre of the country and one of the largest ports of the world. Its population is over 11,000,000 people. Among the largest cities of the UK are Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Edinburgh, Belfast and Cardiff. Great Britain is a country with old cultural traditions and customs. The official language of the state is English. The national symbol of the UK is "Union Jack" – the British state flag having 3 white and red crosses on the dark blue field. The weave of crosses symbolizes power and might. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. Officially the head of the state is the Queen. But her power is not absolute; it is limited by the Parliament. The British Parliament is the oldest parliament in the world. It consists of 2 chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The British Government is headed by the Prime Minister – the leader of the party having the majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister appoints the ministers to compose the government. There are several political parties in the UK. The largest and most influential of them are the Conservative (the Tory), the Liberal (the Whigs) and the Labor Party. III. Say what sentences are true/false: 1. The official name of Great Britain is "Union Jack". 2. The UK includes England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. 3. The territory of the UK is rather large. 4. There are 2 official languages in the UK. 5. Great Britain is a country with new traditions and customs. 6. This country is the world largest producer of different machinery and electronics. 7. The head of the state is the Queen. 8. The British Government is also headed by the Queen. 9. The capital of the country, London, is one of the world largest ports. 10. The UK has a single-party system. IV. Answer the questions: 1. What is the official name of Great Britain? 2. What islands is the UK situated on? 3. What countries is the UK made up of? What are their capitals? 4. What is the capital of the UK? 5. What channel separates the British Isles from the European continent? 6. What is the size of the English Channel? 7. What is the highest mountain on the British Isles? 8. What is the longest river? 9. What do you know about the national flag of the UK? 10. Is the UK rich in mineral resources? 11. What are the main industrial branches in England? 12. Is Great Britain a monarchy? 13. Who has more real power: the House of Lords or the House of Commons? 14. What are the main political parties? 15. Who chooses the Cabinet of Ministers? V. Find the English equivalents in the text: Соединенное королевство, конституционная монархия, высокоразвитая промышленная держава, мягкий климат, крупнейший в мире производитель и поставщик оборудования, культурный и промышленный центр, официальный язык государства, символизировать власть и могущество, влиятельные политические партии, иметь большинство. VI. Fill in the gaps: 1. Great Britain has the official name … . 2. The total area of Great Britain is … . 3. The British Isles are separated from European continent by … . 4. The north of Scotland is called … and the south of Scotland is called … . 5. … is the deepest river. 6. The climate of the British Isles is … . 7. The highest mountain of the UK is … . 8. The national symbol of the UK is … . 9. The largest cities of the UK are … . 10. … symbolizes power and might. 11. The British Parliament is divided into two … . VII. Speaking: 1. What is the first country you think of when you think of the United Kingdom? What's the difference between England, the UK and Great Britain? What images represent England to you? Work in groups to decide on your top 5 English icons. 2. What icons represent your country? What do you think a British person would put as the top 5 icons of your country? 3. Many cities and towns are closely connected with the names of famous people or things below. Do you know where all the places are? The home town of William Shakespeare – The home town of the Beatles – The two most famous universities – The second largest city after London – A Viking museum or a Viking festival – The most South-Westerly point in England – Stonehenge – The home of one of the richest football clubs in the world –
Topic № 4 THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION I. Vocabulary: 1. be rich in - быть богатым чем-либо 2. be exercised - осуществляться кем-либо 3. border on - граничить с 4. Copper - медь 5. cover - занимать 6. the Far East - Дальний Восток 7. head of state - глава государства 8. iron ore - железная руда 9. legislative - законодательный 10. mountain chain - горная цепь 11. the Pacific Ocean - Тихий океан 12. Parliamentary Republic - парламентская республика 13. State Duma - Государственная Дума 14. Temperate - умеренный 15. Vast - обширный II. Read the text: The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about one-seventh of the earth's surface. It covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometers. The country is washed by 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. In the south Russia borders on China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west it borders on Norway, Finland, the Baltic States, Belorussia, and the Ukraine. It also has a sea-border with the USA. There is hardly a country in the world where such a variety of scenery and vegetation can be found. We have steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There are two great plains in Russia: the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland. There are several mountains chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. The largest mountain chain, the Urals, separates Europe from Asia. There are over two million rivers in Russia. Europe's biggest river, the Volga, flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers - the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena- flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific Ocean. Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. The world's deepest lake is Lake Baikal. It is much smaller than the Baltic Sea, but there is much more water in it than in the Baltic Sea. The water in the lake is so clear that if you look down you can see stones on the bottom. Russia has one-sixth of the world's forests. They are concentrated in the European north of the country, in Siberia and in the Far East. On the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. In the middle of the country the climate is temperate and continental. Russia is very rich in oil, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources. Russia is a parliamentary republic. The Head of State is the President. The legislative powers are exercised by the Duma. The capital of Russia is Moscow. It is its largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre. It's one of the oldest Russian cities. At present, the political and economic situation in the country is rather complicated. There are a lot of problems in the national economy of the Russian Federation. The industrial production is decreasing. The prices are constantly rising; the rate of inflation is very high. People are losing their jobs because many factories and plants are going bankrupt. But in spite of the problems Russia is facing at present, there are a lot of opportunities for this country to become one of the leading countries in the world. I'm sure that we, the younger generation, can do very much to make Russia as strong and powerful as it used to be. III. Say what sentences are true/false: Russia covers the western part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. The country is washed by 3 oceans. Russia has a sea-border with the USA. We have highlands and desert in the south. There are two great plains in Russia. The largest mountain chain, the Caucasus, separates Europe from Asia. The world's deepest lake is Lake Baikal. Russia is a monarchy. Moscow is one of the modern Russian cities. IV. Answer the questions: What countries does Russia border on? Russia is washed by the Pacific and the Arctic Ocean, isn't it? What are the main rivers? Is the world's deepest lake Ladoga or Baikal? Are forests concentrated in the European north of the Russia? Russia isn't rich in mineral recourses, is it? What is the climate of Russia? Are legislative powers exercised by the President? What is the economic situation in the country? V. Translate into English: Она занимает около 1/7 поверхности Земли. Ее общая площадь 17 млн. квадратных километров. В России две главные равнины: Великая Русская равнина и Западносибирская низменность. В России около двух млн. рек. Амур на Дальнем Востоке впадает в Тихий Океан. Вода в озере такая чистая, что если вы посмотрите вниз, вы сможете увидеть камни на дне. На обширной территории страны существуют различные типы климата, начиная от арктического на севере до субтропического на юге. Россия очень богата нефтью, железной рудой, медью, никелем и другими минеральными ресурсами. |