учебник, английский. Министерство высшего образования и науки российской федерации
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TEXT 4How to Travel in BuryatiaRead the text from Wiki-how to travel resource and say what recommendations for good travel in Buryatia are suggested for tourists. Have you ever heard of the Republic of Buryatia? It's in Russia, but even many Russians are puzzled when they are asked about Buryatia. It is a national republic in Siberia, and it's also the part of the Mongolian world. Buryatia is near Lake Baikal (the deepest lake in the world) and the Buryat nation is very similar to the Mongolians. The Buryats are a Buddhist minority in the Russian Federation. Apart from the Buryats there are more than 100 nationalities in Buryatia. Buryatia is famous for the beautiful nature of the unique Lake Baikal and the diversity of the ethnic cultures. So, if you'd like to travel to Buryatia, here's some advice! 1. Choose the means of transportation. It's possible to go by plane, because there is an airport in Ulan-Ude (the capital of Buryatia), or you can go by train, because Buryatia is situated on the Trans-Siberian railway. If you travel by plane from Moscow to Buryatia it will take you approximately 5 hours to get to Ulan-Ude. If you have enough time, you can go by train and you will be impressed by the vast territories of the Russian Federation, which is the biggest country in the world, but it will take you up to 4-5 days to get to Buryatia from Moscow. You can also take a train from Mongolia and China to Buryatia. 2. Book your hotel in advance because there are not very many hotels in Buryatia. This is especially important if you plan your visit to Buryatia in summer. Summer is the high tourist season in Buryatia, especially July and August. The winters are cold in Buryatia (like everywhere in Siberia) but you will be surprised by the fact that a short summer in Buryatia can be really hot. The temperature in July can be up to 100 degrees Fahrenheit or 40 degrees Celsius above zero. 3. Visit the Ivolginsky Buddhist Monastery which is the biggest Buddhist temple in the former USSR. Nowadays the Ivolginsky Monastery is the center of Buddhism in the Russian Federation. It is situated not far from Ulan-Ude (approximately 40 minutes drive by minivan). You can't leave Buryatia without visiting the Ivolginsky Monastery. 4. Take photos of the Lenin's head—the biggest Lenin's head in the world. It is considered to be the symbol of Ulan-Ude. It is situated in the center of the city at Soviet Square. It's the most unusual monument of Vladimir Lenin. It's only the head of Lenin and nothing else. 5. Visit Lake Baikal and try to swim in its cold and transparent water! It is nicknamed the "Pearl of Siberia". 6. Try the Buryat cuisine which is approximately the same as the Mongolian cuisine. It's a nomadic cuisine based on meat and milk products. Try the famous Buryat meat dumplings made on steam called buuza in Buryat or pozy in Russian. These Buuza-Pozy are sold everywhere in many restaurants and cafes in Buryatia. You can also try Russian Siberian cuisine, Chinese cuisine and different cuisines of the former USSR including Uzbek, Armenian and so on. 7. Visit Buryatia in different seasons. The wintertime in Buryatia is entirely different from the summertime. Try to be adventurous and see the real Siberian winter in Buryatia and Lake Baikal covered with ice! THINGS YOU WILL NEED FOR YOUR TRAVEL IN BURYATIA: Take warm clothes to Lake Baikal even in the summertime. The weather is very changeable at the coastline of Lake Baikal. So a fleece or a jacket will be really useful there. Get a tourist visa for Russia. You can do this through a travel agency easily. A camera. True or False statements: Many Russians know where the Republic of Buryatia is situated. The shortest way to get to Buryatia is by train. Summer is a tourist season in Buryatia. In the past the Ivolginskiy Datsan was the biggest Buddhist monastery in Russia. Lenin’s head, monument to Lenin in Soviet Square, is the biggest head in the world as a sculpture. The Buryat cuisine is based on meat and milk food. You don’t need to take warm clothes when you travel in summer time in Buryatia because summers are usually hot. MODULE 6 WHAT A WONDERFUL WORLD: A TRIP TO SOME FOREIGN COUNTRIES  Warming up. Read and dramatize the following mini-dialogues. Make up your own short situations. A Future Trip to Some European Countries Tom: Hi, Diana, it’s nice to see you. How is it going? Diana: Tom, hello. It’s very nice to see you too. I’m fine, thanks. And how are you doing? Tom: I am doing well, but I am very busy these days, I am going to euro-tour, and I am doing the last preparations for my trip. Diana: It sounds so exciting. What places are you going to visit? Tom: I am visiting Germany, France, Italy, Spain and Portugal. Diana: Great! How long will it take? Tom: It will take a month. I will stay for about 6 days in each country. Diana: Lucky you! You will have an excellent opportunity to see the world and to enjoy the sights. Tom: And to practice my Spanish. I will take part in very interesting excursions to universities, museums and arts galleries of Madrid and Lisbon. Diana: Marvelous! And whom are you going with? Tom: I am going with my groupmates. Diana: I’m sure it will be an unforgettable time for you and for your friends. Promise me to take lots of wonderful pictures and to take care. Have a safe trip! Tom: Thank you so much. Good-bye, Diana. It’s been pleasant talking to you. In the Capital of Scotland Kelly: This is my first visit to Edinburgh. And I am so glad to be here. I really like this city. Thank you for your invitation, Andrew, once again. Andrew: Don’t mention, my dear Kelly, just enjoy your stay here. Kelly: What places would you recommend me to visit in Edinburgh? Andrew: Well, the capital of Scotland is fantastic for sightseeing. When you walk around its streets you will see the different styles of architecture. Kelly: Yes, it’s fabulous! Andrew: Don’t miss the historic Old Town with its castles, museums, cathedrals and arts center. Kelly: And what about the New Town? Andrew: The New Town is the place for business and shopping. You can buy food, presents and souvenirs there. Kelly: It sounds quite attractive. Andrew: But I suggest starting from the small town of North Berwick near Edinburgh. It’s on the coast, and it has amazing beaches with plants, birds, and animals. We can see also the ancient ruins of Tantallon Castle. Kelly: I like your idea. Let’s go there. The Worst Journey Helen: So tell me how you spent your vacation? Mary: You can’t imagine that was my worst trip ever! Helen: Oh, no! I’m sorry to hear that. But why? Mary: First, I lost my luggage in airport. Helen: That’s terrible! Mary: Then the room in the hotel was not clean enough. Helen: Oh, dear! Mary: And the weather was awful. It was raining like cats and dogs. I was very cold, and, finally, caught a cold. Helen: That is awful! Mary: That was the worst vacation in my life. I hadn’t had any rest in result! Words and Phrases for the Topic: an island — остров to be washed by — омываться a mild climate — мягкий климат the country of fogs — страна туманов the warm current — теплое течение a glorious history — славная (великая) история а very convenient position — очень удобное месторасположение on the crossroads from Europe to America — на пересечении (на пути) из Европы и Америки the Cabinet — кабинет министров the Opposition — Оппозиционная сторона. TEXT 1 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Read the text and say what new facts about Great Britain you have learnt. To the west of the continent of Europe lie two large islands. The larger of them is called Great Britain, and the other, Ireland. These two and 5,500 smaller islands form the British Isles. The island of Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales. The isle of Ireland is divided into Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The UK (the United Kingdom) is the official name of the country, occasionally referred to Great Britain, which is, strictly speaking, only а as geographic name. Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea from the west, by the North Sea from the north and west. It is separated from the European continent by the English Channel. The narrowest part of the English Channel is called the Strait of Dover. The UK is not а very large country. Its territory is about244,000 square kilometers, and no point of the countryis more than 120 kilometers away from the sea. At the same time, the population of the UK is the third largest in Europe, comprising about60 million people. It is incorrect to call everybody who lives in the United Kingdom “English”, as this is the name only for those who live in England. The residents of Wales are named Welsh, while the people of Scotland are called Scottish. The correct common name for English, Scottish and Welsh is British. Those who live in Northern Ireland are called Irish. The climate of the British Isles is generally mild; it is seldom cold in winter and never too hot in summer. This is dueto the warm currentof the Atlantic Ocean, GulfStream. Britain was always known as the countryof fogs, butnow it is not quiteso because of the climatic changes: there is may be less fog than in any other European country. There are no high mountains and long rivers in the UK. The highest mountainis Ben Nevis in the Highlands of Scotland, and the longest rivers are the Severn and the Thames. Geographically, the UK has а very convenient position, being located on the crossroads from Europe to America. This is one of the reasons why Britain was (and is upto the present time) one of the leading world powers. The capital of the countryis London. It is situated on the river Thames. Britain has an ancient and glorious history. It used to be the great empire “where the sunnever sets”. It gave the world many famous scientists, writers, political leaders and explorers, suchas Newton, Darwin, Drake, Shakespeare, Churchill and others. For centuries monarchs ruled Britain. The constitutional monarchy is still preserved in the country, thoughit is practically no more than а tradition and а tributeto the past. QueenElisabeth II is the Head of State. Her power is limited by the parliament, which is elected every fouryears. The leader of the party that has won themajority during the elections becomes the Prime Minister. In fact, he becomes the head of state and forms the Cabinet. The second largest party forms the official Opposition. Exercises 1. Give Russian equivalents of the following: to be divided into, the official name, strictly speaking, separated from, the narrowest part, the third largest, always known, the climatic changes, а very convenient position, on the crossroads, the great empire, the power is limited 2. Suggest the English for: к западу от континента, состоит из, омывается, общее название, редко, теплое течение, причины, древняя и славная история, не более чем, большинство 3. Match two parts of the sentences in two columns:
4. Finish the following statements using appropriate words and word combinations from the text: 1. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland form … 2. The narrowest part of the English Channel is called … 3. The correct common name for English, Scottish and Welsh is … 4. The climate of the British Isles is generally mild … 5. Britain has an ancient and glorious history … 5. Answer the following questions: 1. What are the names of the islands situated to the west of the European continent? 2. What parts does the island of Great Britain consist of? 3. How many parts is Ireland divided into? 4. What is the official name of the country? 5. Can you name the seas and oceans the country is washed by? 6. How large is the territory of the UK? 7. How are the citizens of the UK called? 8. The climate of the UK is mild, isn’t it? 9. What is the highest mountain of the UK? 10. What are the longest rivers of the UK? 11. Is the Queen the head of the state? 12. Who can become the Prime Minister? 6. Look through the first three passages again and say about the geographical position of the UK. Use the following key-words: islands, consists of, is divided, form, the official name, occasionally referred, is washed by, is separated from, the narrowest part, is not а very large country, territory. 7. Look through the forth passage and say about the population of the UK. Use the following key-words: the population of the UK, the third largest in Europe, comprising about, incorrect to call, name, residents, are called, correct common name, British, Irish. 8. Look through the fifth passage and say about the climate of the UK. Use the following key-words: generally mild, seldom, cold in winter, hot in summer, dueto, the warm current, the countryof fogs, the climatic changes 9. Look through the sixth passage and say about the economic position of the UK. Use the following key-words: а very convenient position, the crossroads, one of the reasons, the leading world powers. 10. Look through the last passage and say about the governmental structure of the UK. Use the following key-words: ruled, the constitutional monarchy, preserved, а tradition, а tributeto the past, the Head of State, limited by the parliament, is elected, the leader of the party, themajority, the Prime Minister, the Cabinet, the official Opposition. |