Таблица 3 Стандартные окислительно-восстановительные потенциалы в водных растворах при 25оС Электрод |
Электродная реакция
|
φо, В
|
Li+/Li
|
Li++e=Li
|
–3,045
|
K+/K
|
K++e=K
|
–2,925
|
Cs+/Cs
|
Cs++e=Cs
|
–2,923
|
Ra2+/Ra
|
Ra2++2e=Ra
|
–2,916
|
Ba2+/Ba
|
Ba2++2e=Ba
|
–2,906
|
Ca2+/Ca
|
Ca2++2e=Ca
|
–2,866
|
Na+/Na
|
Na++e=Na
|
–2,714
|
La3+/La
|
La3++3e=La
|
–2,522
|
Mg2+/Mg
|
Mg2++2e=Mg
|
–2,363
|
[Al(OH)4]1-/Al
|
[Al(OH)4]1-+3e=Al+4OH-
|
–2,336
|
Be2+/Be
|
Be2++2e=Be
|
–1,847
|
Al3+/Al
|
Al3++3e=Al
|
–1,662
|
Ti2+/Ti
|
Ti2++2e=Ti
|
–1,628
|
[Zn(OH)4]2-/Zn
|
[Zn(OH)4]2-+2e=Zn+4OH-
|
–1,255
|
V2+/V
|
V2++2e=V
|
–1,186
|
Mn2+/Mn
|
Mn2++2e=Mn
|
–1,180
|
Cr2+/Cr
|
Cr2++2e=Cr
|
–0,913
|
[Sn(OH)4]2-/Sn
|
[Sn(OH)4]2-+2e=Sn+4OH-
|
–0,790
|
Zn2+/Zn
|
Zn2++2e=Zn
|
–0,763
|
Cr3+/Cr
|
Cr3++3e=Cr
|
–0,744
|
So/S2-
|
So+2e=S2-
|
–0,51
|
Fe2+/Fe
|
Fe2++2e=Fe
|
–0,440
|
Cd2+/Cd
|
Cd2++2e=Cd
|
–0,403
|
Co2+/Co
|
Co2++2e=Co
|
–0,277
|
Ni2+/Ni
|
Ni2++2e=Ni
|
–0,250
|
Sn2+/Sn
|
Sn2++2e=Sn
|
–0,136
|
Pb2+/Pb
|
Pb2++2e=Pb
|
–0,126
|
Fe3+/Fe
|
Fe3++3e=Fe
|
–0,036
|
H+/H2
|
H++e=½ H2
|
0
|
Bi3+/Bi
|
Bi3++3e=Bi
|
+0,01
|
Cu2+/Cu
|
Cu2++2e=Cu
|
+0,337
|
O2/OH–
|
½ O2+H2O+2e=2OH–
|
+0,401
|
Cu+/Cu
|
Cu++e=Cu
|
+0,521
|
I2/I–
|
½ I2+e=I–
|
+0,535
|
Ag+/Ag
|
Ag++e=Ag
|
+0,799
|
Hg2+/Hg
|
Hg2++2e=Hg
|
+0,854
|
Pd2+/Pd
|
Pd2++2e=Pd
|
+0,987
|
Br2/Br –
|
½ Br2+e=Br–
|
+1,065
|
Pt2+/Pt
|
Pt2++2e=Pt
|
+1,2
|
Cl2/Cl–
|
½ Cl2+e=Cl–
|
+1,359
|
Au3+/Au
|
Au3++3e=Au
|
+1,498
|
Au+/Au
|
Au++e=Au
|
+1,691
|
F2/F–
|
½ F2+e=F–
|
+2,87
|
Таблица 4
Растворимость солей, кислот и оснований в воде
Ионы
|
H+
|
NH4+
|
K+
|
Na+
|
Ag+
|
Ba2+
|
Ca2+
|
Mg2+
|
Zn2+
|
Cu2+
|
Hg2+
|
Pb2+
|
Fe2+
|
Fe3+
|
Al3+
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OH-
|
-
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
-
|
P
|
M
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
-
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NO3-
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cl-
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
H
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
M
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S2-
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
H
|
P
|
P
|
M
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SO32-
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
M
|
M
|
M
|
M
|
M
|
-
|
-
|
H
|
M
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SO42-
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
M
|
H
|
M
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
H
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CO32-
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
-
|
-
|
H
|
H
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SiO32-
|
H
|
-
|
P
|
P
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
-
|
H
|
-
|
-
|
H
|
H
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PO43-
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
H
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CH3COO-
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P – растворимые (больше 1 г в 100 г воды); М – малорасторимые (от 1 г и до 0,001 г в 100 г
воды); Н - нерастворимые (меньше 0,001 г в 100 г воды); черточка – разлагаются водой или
не существуют
|
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