Пособие по обучению практике устной и письменной речи (начальный этап) на английском языке Под ред. О. В. Серкиной
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Unit 3. The things I like and Dislike. My Travelling. N  ot to go anywhere, but to go … travelfor travel’s sake. The great affair is to move. Robert Louis Stevenson Recommended grammar: Sequence of Tenses. Conditionals. BUILDING-UP YOUR VOCABULARY 3.1. Scan the passage below and say why traveling and tourism are so important in modern life. What are the major types of tourism? Tourists and Tourism Travel and tourism are addictive and their impact on our lives is truly monumental. Despite the fact that mass tourism is viewed as a simple but harmless way of helping people see the world and broaden their horizons, our desire to maximize every traveling opportunity that presents itself has had a wholly unforeseen impact on our attitudes towards life in general and on the world we live in. In no way could this impact have been accurately predicted, even 30 years ago. No matter how uninspiring our miserable destination may be, or how disillusioned we are by the transport systems; no matter what trouble our payment of debts due to overambitious holiday spending may lead us into, there is nothing amateur about our desire to make our fantasies realities. Tourists travel to places away from home and stay there for a short time – a week or two, perhaps. They travel because they want to do business, or to visit friends or family, or to have a holiday. All three kinds of travel are part of tourism. But in the modern world, holidays are the most important kind of tourism. The tourist industry gives tourists everything that they want and need during their visits: hotels, restaurants, airports, theatres, etc. When tourists visit places in their own country, this is called domestic tourism. When they visit other countries, this is international tourism. Tourism is a very important business for many countries, and it’s getting bigger all the time. Millions of people like hoteliers and property owners depend on the tourist industry for their livelihood, as well as those who work in this industry. A decrease in the popularity of tourism would be nothing short of disaster. 3.2. a) Read the following texts and match them to the titles below. b) Answer the questions after the texts. c) Discuss the titles and the final sentence of each text with a partner. Title 1. Travel Doesn’t Broaden the Mind Title 2. Making the Best of Journeys Text 1 It was the Victorians who were really obsessed with travel. They lived at a time when travel really did harden the body and improve the spirit. It took a rare breed of man to trudge through some malaria-infested swamp in a pith helmet after the native bearers had drunk all the whisky, stolen the rations, and run off with the compass. Since then, travelers have thought of themselves as faintly noble, and they look down on mere tourists who stay in comfortable hotels and ride in air-conditioned buses. To travelers it is a mark of pride to suffer as much as possible. They get a perverse joy from spending all day squatting over a sordid cesspit. Paul Theroux, a best-selling travel writer, is one of the people caught up in the myth: “The nearest thing to writing a novel is traveling in a strange country.” Travel, he declares, is a creative act. It isn’t. It may be fun. It may be interesting. But travelers get no insight into eternal truths. Text 2 I've been shocked, but not altogether surprised, when I think of the efforts the human race (adult variety) has made, and makes to keep itself from being bored on journeys. Look what happens when it crosses the sea on board a great ship. Everything is organized to prevent boredom - games and concerts, swimming pools and cinema shows - all sorts of things go on, day in day out. Airports have huge bookstalls and everybody busily buys magazines and papers to read. In the air there's a continual succession of meals, drinks and sweets brought by helpful air-hostesses. No station, except the smallest, is complete without its railway bookstall, and if you make a journey along any main line for any length of time and look at your grown-up companions, you'll find them always hiding behind their papers and magazines. Nowadays even those who go by car can’t do without the radio - at least a lot of adults can’t. It's all part of the general idea that journeys are deadly boring, and that they have got to drug themselves with something to get through. Very few people over the age of thirty look out of the window. Questions:
3.3. a) Read the continuation of Text 2 and pick up all the words and expressions connected with waiting and moving. Use them in your sentences. b) Answer the questions after the text. Not long ago I was traveling by air from London Airport to Prestwick in Scotland. It takes ages to get into the air these days - three-quarters of an hour to get through the London traffic on a bus, perhaps another half-hour at the airport until the flight is ready. On some air journeys you spend as much time on the ground as you do in the air between terminals! Waiting for the flight to be announced on the loudspeaker, I looked at the passengers who were going to travel in our aircraft. They were all slumped about in chairs, idly turning over the leaves of magazines, muttering to each other, obviously bored stiff. All, that is, except the passengers who were in their teens or younger. These were buzzing round the waiting-room with a great deal of zeal - indeed, impatience - looking closely at all the maps of air-routes, working through the time-tables of the different services. When the flight was at last announced, a boy of about fifteen slipped, quite politely, to the head of the queue, and was one of the first to board the aircraft when we were out on the tarmac. I knew he’d traveled by air before when I saw he’d bagged a seat in the rear of the aircraft, by a window that I knew was one of the best for a view of the world below. I sat down behind him. Just after we’d taken off, and everybody had loosened their seat belts, we both fished traveling atlases of Britain out of our bags. “Mine’s the same as yours,” I said, over his shoulder. “I like following the flight; and it’s a good day for seeing the ground,” he said. It was a good day; we flew all the way to Scotland between six and eight thousand feet, and there was not a cloud in the sky. Now and then we got up to look out of the port window, to pick up an expected town, or a wood, or a lake. We were not far from Birmingham when the captain of the aircraft came through on one of his periodic visits to the passengers. George was looking out of the window and mumbling away on his running commentary. The captain tapped him on the shoulder. “Navigator, eh?” he said. “You seem to know where we are - would you like to meet our navigator and look at his plot (= map)?” “Would I?” said George. You couldn’t see his tail for smoke as he scuttled forward through the crew door. On most longish flights captain once or twice passes a bit of paper down to the passengers which gives the aircraft's speed, height, position, and E.T.A. (= estimated time of arrival); or else he announces it over the loudspeaker; or he does both. After some time a voice came over the speaker: “Shortly,” it said, “we will see Windermere to our right - I mean starboard (= the side of an aircraft that is on the right when you are facing forward). Below us now, on our port side (= the side of an aircraft that is on the left when you are facing forward), is Morecambe Bay.” It sounded rather a young voice. Sure enough, along came Windermere, a silver ribbon in a landscape of great green hills, crowned with spring snow. And the voice told us when we were flying over Sea Fell, the highest mountain in England, and showed us Carlisle and the Solway estuary, and the hills of the Lowlands, also powered with snow. Some of the grown-ups even put down their magazines for a moment and looked out of the window. Just before the air-hostess warned us to fasten our safety-belts for landing, George came back with a beaming face. “Wizard show,” he said, “the navigator’s a good type; he showed me all his things and even let me give the position on the loudspeaker.” Questions: 1. Where was Mr. Fisher once going to? Was he travelling by sea or by air? 2. How was the behaviour of the young passengers different from the behaviour of the adults in the departure lounge? 3. What did a fifteen-year-old boy do when the flight was announced? 4. Why did the boy choose a seat in the rear of the aircraft? 5. What did the boy do when the plane was high up in the air? 6. What was the weather like on the day of the flight? 7. Why would Mr. Fisher and his young fellow-traveller get up from time to time from their seats? 8. What did the pilot suggest George could do? 9. What places did the passengers see from above? What did they look like? 10. How did the captain communicate with the passengers? How has the system changed since then? 11. Why was George’s face beaming when he returned to his seat? 3.4 Study the vocabulary used to describe travelling. Practice saying all the words of French origin. Consult a dictionary if necessary. General holiday expressions: to be on holiday/vacation (AmE), holiday-maker, holiday in the mountains, camping holiday, seaside holiday, cruise, package tour, coach tour, charter flight, to go on an excursion, to go on a trip, to see the sights/ go sightseeing/ do the sightseeing/ do the city, to lie on the beach/ in the sun, to sunbathe/ to get a sun-tan, to swim in the sea, to take pictures, to visit museums, to send postcards home, to buy souvenirs, to hike/ go hiking, to tour/ go touring, to climb/ go climbing/ mountaineering, to get away from it all (= to escape your daily routine), value for money, non-refundable, to cancel a flight/ trip, stopover/ lay-over, to apply for a visa, to obtain/ get a visa; Making a reservation: a booking-office, to book/ to make a reservation/an enquiry, to cancel a reservation, to confirm/ reconfirm tickets; At the customs’: customs inspector/ officer, customs office, customs regulations, departure gate, departure lounge, to be duty-free, duty-free shop, entry visa, exit visa, multiple visa, transit visa, examination of one’s luggage, to go through customs and immigration, green channel, red channel, immigration office, landing formalities; Travelling by air: aircraft, jet, helicopter, supersonic aircraft, starboard (right), port (left), cockpit,aisle, porthole, nose, tail/ rear, wings, fuselage, joystick, crew, pilot, air-host(-ess)/ flight attendant, air traffic controller, ground staff, airline ticket, boarding pass/ card, certificate of vaccination, domestic flight, international flight, scheduled flight, route via Frankfurt, in the rear, landing, tarmac, terminal, departure lounge, hangar, runway, duty-free shop, jet lag, to board the aircraft, to delay/ to postpone a flight, to embark, to go first class/ business/ economy class, to take off, to land, to see the scenery through a porthole, to be air-sick, to (un)fasten the seat-belts, be stranded at the airport overnight; The plane was delayed by fog. Air passengers often suffer such delays. Travelling by sea: yacht, rowing-boat, fishing-boat, ferry, steamer, liner, steward(-ess), gang-plank / gangway, companionway, engine-room, shared (single, double, deluxe) cabin, state-room, upper (lower) deck, bunk/ berth, galley, life-belt, life-boat, starboard (right), port (left), crew, captain, skipper, purser, docker, docks, harbour, quay, port, buoy, light-house, to cast anchor, to weigh anchor, to go ashore, to call at a port, to embark passengers, to disembark passengers, to be an old salt, to be a bad sailor, to be sea-sick; We are sailing on the QE2. It sets sail at noon. It will dock in New York at 6 p.m. and we shall disembark as soon as we can. The ship was wrecked. The passengers were marooned on a desert island. Travelling by train: direct train, through train, freight train, local train, express, carriage, buffet/ buffet car/ dining-car, compartment, smoking (non-smoking) compartment/ smoker (non-smoker), sleeper, cloak-room/ check-room/ luggage office, an aisle (window) seat, engine/ train-driver, guard, fellow-passenger, ticket collector / ticket conductor (AmE), ticket inspector, emergency brake, engine, refreshments, season ticket, timetable, junction, signal-box, to board the train, to have a seat facing the engine, to have a seat with one’s back to it, to change train (at); Trains always run on time here. You have to change trains at Crewe.  Traveling by car: to hire a car, to go for a drive, to get around (informal: travelling to different places), to buy accident insurance, to go as you please, SUV (Sport Utility Vehicle); Our car does 10 km to the litre. It goes quite fast. We can usually overtake other cars. The car swerved into the middle of the road to avoid the cyclist. He backed the car into the drive and parked in front of the house. Luggage/ baggage (AmE): Check-in desk, hand luggage/ hand baggage (AmE)/ carry-on baggage (AmE), baggage allowance, excess luggage, excess baggage charge, porter, to apply a luggage tag, to hail/to call a porter; Accommodation: hotel, bed and breakfast (B&B), full board (FB) (= all meals), half-board (HB) (= usually breakfast and one other meal), boarding house/ guest-house, campsite, caravan/trailer (AmE), motel, youth hostel, spa, seaside resort, ski resort, facilities, room service; self-catering (= where you do your own cooking) accommodation: a holiday apartment, chalet, small cottage, cabin, to make arrangements about the room, to stay in a hotel, to fill in an arrival card, to extend a stay; I’d like to book/reserve (AmE) a single room (a double room, en suite room, a suite, a twin-bedded room, a room with an en suite bathroom). I’d like a room with a sea view. Do you have any vacancies? What are your terms/ rates for a double room? When do you serve breakfast?  Is breakfast included?I have a double room booked for me/ in my name. I have a reservation for a double room. I’d like to check in (check out). I’d like to have breakfast in my room. Could we have dinner in our room, please? How much are my telephone charges? Could I have these clothes cleaned (washed, ironed)? Where’s the front desk (the receptionist, the lounge, the doorkeeper, the floor attendant, the room chambermaid)? Call Room Service, please. Is there a hairdresser's (a barber's, a beautician, a round-the-clock snack-bar, dry cleaning) in the hotel? What is the check-out time, please? Sorry to bother you, but I am afraid the TV in my room isn't working. I'm afraid there's something wrong with the..., could you have a look at it? General impressions about the holiday: the holiday of a lifetime, We had a really good time. /We had lots of fun. There was a relaxed atmosphere. The scenery was beautiful. / The nature was unspoiled. /It was a fascinating place. The town was rich in architecture. The children were excited. It wasn't boring at all. The room was lovely and clean. The beds were comfortable. The entertainment was excellent. The food was adequate. The service was poor. 3.5. Look at the following sentences and decide if they are true (T) or false (F). If they are false, explain why. 1. ___ A travel agency is the same as a tour operator. 2. ___ A package tour is a holiday in which the price includes flights, transfers to and from the airport and accommodation. 3. ___ An all-inclusive holiday is a holiday in which the price includes flights, transfers, accommodation, food and drink. 4. ___ When passengers embark, they get off a plane or ship. 5. ___ When passengers disembark, they get on a plane or ship. 6. ___ The first thing you do when you go to an airport is go to the check-in. 7. ___ The first thing you do when you arrive at your hotel is checking in. 8. ___ The opposite of a package tourist is an independent traveller. 9. ___ Mass tourism can have a negative effect on the environment. 10. ___Eco-tourism is tourism which has a negative effect on the environment. 11. ___ The words trip, excursion, journey and voyage all have the same meaning. 12. ___ It is always necessary to have a visa when you visit a foreign country. 13. ___ A flight from London to Paris could be described as a long-haul flight. 14. ___ Flying economy class is more expensive than flying business class. 15. ___ A Canadian citizen flying to Japan will have to fill in an immigration card before he arrives. 3.6. Explain the difference between the following. (a) a scheduled flight and a charter flight; (b) a crossing and a cruise; (c) a camp site and a holiday camp; (d) a time-share apartment and a guest house; (e) a hotel and a bed and breakfast place; (f) a tour operator and a travel agent; (g) seasick, airsick and carsick; (h) at sea, at the seaside and in the sea; (i) red channel and green channel; (j) hand luggage and check-in luggage; (k) a multiple visa and a transit visa. 3.7. Match words or word combinations on the left with the definition on the right.
3.8. Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passages below. a) Holidays off the beaten track hitch-hiking leisure off-peak package holiday travel agents resort peak cut-price tickets youth hostels People have more money and more (a) ______ nowadays and even young people can afford to go abroad. Many (b) ______ offer cheap (c) ______ for flights to all parts of the world, so youngsters can avoid the crowded, well-known places and get to less famous areas which are (d) ______. Instead of using public transport and hotels, they can travel by (e) ______ and stay at (f) ______. But most people prefer some kind of (g) ______ at a popular holiday (h) ______, which means that everything is arranged for you and the price you pay includes transport, food and accommodation. Try to avoid taking your holiday during the busy (i) ______tourist season. It's more crowded and expensive. If possible, go in the quieter (j) ______ period. b) Journeys trip travel journey cruise tour voyage flight (a) For general advice about ______, go to a travel agent. (b) One day I would like to do the ______ by train and ship across Russia to Japan. (c) We’re going on a ______ of Europe, visiting 11 countries in five weeks. (d) We went on a three-week ______ round the Mediterranean. The ship called at Venice, Athens, Istanbul and Alexandria. (e) He once went by ship to Australia. The ______ took 3 1/2 weeks. (f) I’m going on a business ______ to Paris next weekend. (g) Air France ______ 507 from Paris to New York will be taking off in ten minutes. (h) The ______ from Heathrow Airport to the centre of London takes about 45 minutes by underground. (i) On our first day in New York we went on a three-hour ______ of the city by bus, which showed us the main sights. (j) During our stay in Paris we went on a day ______ to Disneyland. c) in at by on (a) We went ______ car. (d) She arrived ___ Rome ___ midnight. (b) We went ______ John's car. (e) She arrived ______ the hotel. (c) We went ______ a journey. 3.9. a) Match the expressions in bold to the definitions after the text. b) Use the expressions from the text in your sentences. If a tourist’s yarning to (1) escape the crowd, (2) render off the beaten track and (3) get back to nature, Suriname increasingly looks a (4) promising choice. Nobody in Suriname claims that the country (5) boasts the best sand, sea and sun in the Caribbean. But that, in a way, isprecisely the point: there aren’t (6) hordes of people either. As Henk Essed, director of the Suriname Tourism Foundation, observes: “We don’t really need masses of tourists like we have in the rest of the Caribbean. Instead, Suriname’s modest (7) tourism sector focuses on what makes the country different. The biggest attraction for visitors (8) seeking something out of the ordinary is the (9) wealth of wildlife. Large (10) tracts of the country are still covered by (11) virgin rainforest, home to a huge range of (12) flora and fauna.” “There is great potential to develop (13) eco-tourism as one of the major sources of income in the near future”, says Harold Sijlbing, managing director of Stinasu, an organisation which promotes conservation of wildlife and ecological awareness. (a) ___ looking for something different/unusual (b) ___ original and natural (c) ___ live a natural, rural style of life (d) ___ go where there are not many people (e) ___ crowds, in a negative sense (f) ___ go to places tourists don’t normally go (g) ___ tourist industry (formal) (h) ___ achoice which could be a very good one (i) ___ plants and animals (Latin, a fixed phrase) (j) ___ large amount of (formal) (k) ___ areas of land, collocates with large, vast, huge (l) ___ have something that is impressive and that you can be proud of (m) __ holidays that respect the environment 3.10. Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passages below. Air Travel a) departure lounge immigration officer check runway departure gate security guard board on board departures board excess baggage check in duty free hand luggage conveyor belt taxi passengers announcement check-in desk trolley take off security check When you travel by air you have to get to the airport early in order to (a) ____ about an hour before your flight. If you have a lot of luggage, you can put it in a (b) ______ and push it to the (c) ______, where someone will (d) ______your ticket and weigh your luggage. If you have (e) ______, it can be expensive. Your heavy luggage is put on a (f) ______ and carried away. A light bag is classed as (g) ______ and you can take it with you on to the plane. An (h) ______ looks at your passport and a (i) ______checks your hand luggage before you go into the (j) ______ to wait till your flight is called. If you want to, you can buy some cheap (k)______ goods here. Then you see on the (l) ______or you hear an (m) _____ that you must (n) ______ your plane. You go through the (o) ______, then there is sometimes a (p) ______ before you actually enter the plane. When all the (q)______ are (r) ______, and when the captain and his crew are ready in the cockpit, the plane begins to (s) ______to the end of the (t) ______. Finally, permission is received from the control tower and the plane moves faster and faster in order to (u)______. b) headphones seat belts aisle land turbulence cabin crew airliner Flying is fun. I like being in a big (a) _____ with the (b) _____ (flight attendants) looking after me. They walk up an down the (c) _____ bringing meals and drinks; and if the flight is going through some (d) __, they warn everybody that it might be a bit bumpy and ask us to fasten our (e) _____. On a long flight I like listening to music through the (f) ___ available to all passengers, and sometimes I have a sleep. I enjoy it all so much that I never want the plane to (g) ______. c) through at to off in on for by (a) We decided to go ____ plane. (b) When do we take ____? (c) First you must go ____ customs and immigration. (d) You’d better ask ___ the information desk. (e) His friend went ___ the airport with him to see him ___. (f) You must check ____ at 10.30 (g) Put your luggage ___ a trolley. (h) He looked ___ my passport. 3.11. Read the text paying attention to the order of going through all the airport formalities and answer the questions after the text. Airport Formalities According to the international standards passengers are to arrive at the airport two hours before departure time on international flights and one hour on domestic flights. The reason is that passengers should have enough time to complete all necessary airport formalities. At the airport passengers should check the time of the flight to make sure that it is not delayed, cancelled, or altered. This information is available on the flight information display or at the inquiry office. Passengers are to fill in customs declarations in one of the international languages or in the language of the country they depart from. They go to the Customs for an examination of their luggage. In some cases the Customs officer may ask you to open your bags and suitcases for inspection. This is done in order to prevent smuggling. After you are through with all Customs formalities, the Customs officer puts a stamp on your Customs declaration, or on each piece of luggage, or chalks it off. The particular procedure depends on the country of departure. Then passengers proceed to the check-in area. There they are to register their tickets, to weigh in and to check in their luggage. Most airlines have at least two classes of travel: first or business class and economy or tourist class. Business class is more expensive, while economy class is cheaper. Each passenger over two years of age has a free luggage allowance. As a rule, this limit is 20 kg for economy class passengers and 30 kg for business class passengers. Excess luggage must be paid for, except some articles that can be carried free of charge, such as baby's food, articles of baby's care, baby's prams, wheelchairs of disabled passengers, and some personal effects. Each passenger is given a boarding pass with his or her seat number. A boarding pass is to be shown at the departure gate and to the hostess when boarding the plane. Finally, passengers proceed to the passport control area. Passport control officers will check your passport and visa and put a stamp on them. Customs, checking-in and passport formalities are more or less the same in all countries. Questions: 1. Is there any difference between the time of arriving at an airport before departure on international flights and on domestic flights? Why? 2. What are the duties of the Customs officer? 3. What is a Customs declaration? 4. What is different about classes of air traveling? What class do you usually travel? 5. What excess luggage can be carried on board free of charge? 3.12. Fill in the missing words. 1. The Ritz is a famous _____ in London where rich people like to go. 2. Since we have a tent, we can stay at a _____ . 3. A _____ is a place with a spring of mineral water. People usually go there for their health. 4. A _____ is a large private lodging house where people can pay to stay and have meals. 5. A _____ is meant for motorists with a space to park their cars next to the rooms. 6. Many young people like to stay at a _____ where they can get fairly cheap accommodation. 7. Many people prefer to take a _____ with them on holiday, then they can stop and sleep wherever they want. 8. If I had a lot of money, I would go on a world _____ . But I hope I don’t get seasick very easily. 9. When she was in London, she went on an _____ to the Tower. 10. In summer, London, Paris and Rome are always full of ______. 11. In the winter, Mary spent two weeks at a ski _____ in Austria. 12. A ______ is a holiday organized by a travel agency. It includes travel, hotels, meals, and people travel there in large groups. 13. Ann spends most of the day _____ on the beach as she wants to come back from her holidays with a good ______. 14. I’d like a single room with a balcony. Do you have any ______. I’m afraid I haven’t made a ______. 15. Unfortunately, our single rooms are ______. 3.13. Study some signs and notices which you can see at an international airport or in a city. Work with a partner and explain their meanings. Think of other signs that you can add to this list. At the Airport or Railway Station To the Customs Departure Lounge Check-In Duty Free Baggage Check-In Passport Control Baggage Claim / Carousel (AmE) Gate 2 Withdrawals Immigration Deposits Security |