PERFECT TENSES
Основное ее значение – это выражение связи прошедшего действия с настоящим временем или предшествования действия какому-либо моменту или периоду прошедшего или будущего времени.
Утвердительная форма образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола have в настоящем или прошедшем времени и Participle II смыслового глагола.
He has broken the cup.
Он разбил чашку.
I had received a telegram before he came.
Я получил телеграмму до того, как он пришел.
You will have translated the article by seven o’clock.
Ты переведешь эту статью к семи часам.
Это временная форма обычно выражает наличие какого-либо результата действия, который может наблюдаться в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем времени.
I have already bought a new pen.
Я уже купил новую ручку. (К настоящему моменту она у меня есть)
Present Perfect Tense
Утвердительная форма
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Вопросительная форма
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Отрицательная форма
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I have seen
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Have I seen?
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I have not seen
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He has seen
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Has he seen?
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He has not seen
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She has seen
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Has she seen?
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She has not seen
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We have seen
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Have we seen?
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We have not seen
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You have seen
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Have you seen?
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You have not seen
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They have seen
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Have they seen?
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They have not seen
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Past Perfect Tense
Утвердительная форма
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Вопросительная форма
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Отрицательная форма
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I had written
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Had I written?
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I had not written
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He had written
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Had he written?
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He had not written
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She had written
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Had she written?
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She had not written
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We had written
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Had we written?
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We had not written
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You had written
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Had you written?
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You had not written
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They had written
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Had they written?
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They had not written
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Future Perfect Tense
Утвердительная форма
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Вопросительная форма
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Отрицательная форма
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I shall have read
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Shall I have read?
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I shall not have read
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He will have read
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Will he have read?
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He will not have read
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She will have read
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Will she have read?
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She will not have read
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We shall have read
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Shall we have read?
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We shall not have read
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You will have read
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Will you have read?
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You will not have read
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They will have read
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Will they have read?
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They will not have read
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