Учебнометодическое пособие Петрозаводск 2010 ббк 81. 2Англ удк 811. 11 Г 613 Рецензенты
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2) Shorten the text on the University of Arizona Library. 3) Compare the library facilities provided by the University of Arizona Library and by the Karelian Branch of the North-West Academy of Public Administration in Petrozavodsk. 2.24 A HOMELY FACE 1) Read the text and translate the third paragraph of the text in writing. (1) Can an eighty-year-old washerwoman become a famous model? Most definitely. The entire nation of France has fallen in love with La Mere Denis, who describes herself as a “fat old woman.” Her wrinkled, almost toothless countenance smiles out at the French citizenry from every TV set and magazine. This homely face appears on billboards, subway posters, and even on the backs of buses. All over France, the face of La Mere Denis can be found in ads. (2) What product does she advertise? A washing machine, that’s what! Who could better tell of the virtues and wonders of a modern washing machine than a woman who has washed clothes for decades? The ads state that a person should have the same confidence in the machine that one used to have in the old washerwoman. These ads have helped to skyrocket sales of the company’s washing machine. (3) To show its appreciation for the contribution La Mere Denis has made to its sales, the washing machine company offered her the bonus of a new washing machine. This offer was politely refused. The reason? La Mere Denis said, “I wouldn’t know how to work it. Even if I did, the nearest water is in the stream I wash my clothes in. What would be the sense?” 2) Choose the correct answer: a) La Mere Denis was an unusual model because she (liked to wash her own clothes; was seen on TV from time to time; didn’t make any money; was old and unattractive). b) This selection is set in (England; America; French Canada; France). c) La Mere Denis is an old washerwoman who advertises (soap and bleach; clean clothes; a washing machine; TV sets). d) This story is mainly about (how to wash your clothes; the advertising industry and TV; an old washerwoman who made good as a model;. how to buy a washing machine in France). e) In this text, which is NOT mentioned as a place to find the old washerwoman? (on the stage; on billboards; on television; in magazines). f) You can guess that La Mere Denis is not a wealthy woman because (she doesn’t have a bank account; she knows how to wash her clothes; her home doesn’t have running water; she likes to smile a lot). g) The word “countenance” refers to the woman’s (income; clothes; face; hard-working hands). h) La Mere Denis didn’t want a new washing machine because (she liked her old one; she was retired from washing; she didn’t know how to use it; she didn’t have a dryer). 2.25 A helpful directory 1) What helpful directories do you know? If you happen to live in Des Moines, Iowa, you can pick up a telephone and, for the price of a local call, reach the Des Moines Area Council for International Understanding. What would this do for you? You can learn how to say any word you want in Russian, Swahili, Urdu, or almost any other language in the world. This is made possible through the council’s up-to-date directory of people in the Des Moines area who can read, write, or speak a foreign language. These people are willing to act as interpreters and translators. The directory lists the names and telephone numbers of these people, as well as the languages they speak. Who would use such a directory? Lots of people. Suppose someone has a foreign visitor. The directory could help locate a person to act as a translator. Suppose you were a business person who needed someone to write a letter for you in another language. The directory would help. Perhaps you need information on a foreign country for a school report. The directory might help you to find someone from that country who now lives in your area. Recently someone called the Council and requested a literal translation. The person asked how to say “Blue Eyes” in Russian. Of what use was this little bit of information to the caller? The caller had just purchased a Siberian Husky and wanted to name the dog in its native language. Do you know how to say “Blue Eyes” in Russian? 2) Say if the following statements are correct. a) Russian, Swahili and Urdu are places in the United States. b) Des Moines is a city in Iowa. c) A person who can tell you what someone is saying in a foreign language is called a foreigner. d) The caller in this selection wanted to name a dog Siberia. e) If you had a school report to write on India, an Indian person could help by telling you about his or her own country. f) A directory contains information. 2.26 Roses 1) Before reading, try to guess if the text refers to roses as things to eat; gifts for loved ones; medicine and drinks; all of the above? Have you eaten a rose lately? No? Have you ever thought of roses as being edible? Roses have long been used as food, drink, and medicine. In ancient times, parts of the rose were used to treat diseases of the stomach and the liver. The Greeks believed that rose juice could cure someone bitten by a mad dog. For a sprained ankle, one might get a pint of wine boiled with rose petals, rather than an ice pack. For a sore throat, rose juice would be just what the doctor would order. Rose petals were especially popular for those who wanted to avoid drunkenness. It was thought that slipping a few rose petals into an alcoholic drink would allow a person to drink without feeling side effects. Although some people actually believed this, it didn’t really work. An ancient Roman chef named Apicius had delicious recipes for cooking roses. What would happen if you cooked with roses yourself and treated your family to a really different dinner? A little rose juice boiled in wine used to be considered an excellent remedy for an upset stomach. Roses really have been used in all these ways. However, most people today prefer the beauty of a rose to its taste. So, if you want to send something lovely to someone you love, pick a rose. If you are really sick or hurt, a doctor would be a wiser choice than a rose. 2) Say whether the following statements are true or false and justify your answer. a) Recipes are party invitations. b) The ancient Greeks used rose juice for bites from mad dogs because they believed in it. c) The text suggests that an upset stomach was treated with rose juice boiled in wine. d) This text is mainly about interesting drinks. e) The last paragraph suggests that roses may not be the best medicine. 3) Give the definition of the following words: edible; to avoid; side effects; a remedy; to prefer. 2.27 the use of pesticides 1) Read and translate the second paragraph into Russian. 2) The text contains a number of words to describe the environmental impact of chemicals. How many can you find? 3) Tick the statements which are true: a) Destructive insects can live on pesticides. b) The Environmental Protection Agency has banned all pesticides. c) To live, people need food and health. d) If a pesticide is prohibited, it cannot be used. e) If insects are not controlled, more food could be grown. (1) Farmers, together with consultants from the United States Department of Agriculture, are continuously working to eliminate the presence of destructive insects, for the purpose of improving crop yields. To destroy the unwanted insects, chemical pesticides are often used. However, not all pesticides which are harmful to pests are harmless to other animals and people. (2) The Department of Agriculture is not the only government agency concerned with the use of pesticides. It is the task of the Environmental Protection Agency to determine if the pesticides now in use should continue to be used. Intensive research is necessary to study the effects – both short term and long term – that the various chemical pesticides have on humans and other aspects of the environment. (3) The Environmental Protection Agency has forbidden the use of some pesticides, because evidence of harmful effects to human health and the environment have been found. One of the most widely used chemicals to be banned was DDT, the cumulative effects of which have proved to be extremely hazardous to desirable wildlife. (4) Department of Agriculture officials, as well as farmers, fear that many additional pesticides may be prohibited. They fear a possible food shortage when destructive insects are able to multiply freely and destroy crops. (5) Clearly, both food supply and human health are necessary. Therefore, it is essential to find substitutes for harmful pesticides. What is needed are substances that control pests without harming people. Finding suitable and safe measures to control destructive pests is not an easy task. Its importance, however, clearly adds up to a matter of life and death. 4) Which of the summaries renders the content of the article you have read the most adequately: a) In order to improve crop yields it is necessary to eliminate the presence of destructive insects. Otherwise, there may be food shortage. Farmers started using different chemicals, e.g. DDT. Some of them are very harmful to health. It is therefore essential to find suitable but safe measures to control the use of pesticides. b) This text is mainly about the Department of Agriculture. The Department is trying to introduce methods of controlling destructive insects. The Environmental Protection Agency works hand in hand with the Department of Agriculture and is working on methods to let farmers prosper. 2.28 the intruder in the salad 1) Paraphrase the heading using substitute words. 2) Read the text and say whether the following questions are covered in it: a) What is most important in business? b) Services to meet the client’s wishes. c) Crime and punishment. d) Types of restaurants. Mr. Cohen of San Francisco went out one warm, summer evening. He decided to go to a restaurant to dine. He chose a seafood restaurant with nautical decor and pleasant atmosphere. He sat in a captain’s chair and ordered lobster with all the trimmings. Soup and salad preceded the main course. After Mr. Cohen enjoyed his clam chowder, the waiter served him salad. As Mr. Cohen poured oil and vinegar on his salad, he noticed something extra in the bowl of greens. At first he thought it might be part of an olive pit. Further examination indicated that it was a fly. He called the waiter and pointed out the intruder in the salad bowl. The waiter picked up the fly and threw it on the floor. He turned to the customer and told him to continue to eat the salad because the fly was gone. Mr. Cohen was so angered by this behavior that he left the restaurant without paying his bill. Mr. Cohen was later arrested for “defrauding an innkeeper.” He then sued the restaurant and won. Three years later the restaurant had to pay him nearly $1,000 in damages. At the time of the incident, a fresh salad would certainly have been less costly. 3) A good word to describe the waiter would be: pleasant; efficient; courteous; rude. 4) Is the text information up-to-date or out-of-date? 5) What recommendation / instruction would you give to the waiter: call the police; make Mr. Cohen pay; tell the man to leave; bring a new salad? Give your own examples to the main ideas expressed in the text. 2.29 A British spy 1) Read the text and name the statements which are true. a) Phoebe Fraunces was General Washington’s wife. b) Something lethal can kill you. c) Hickey’s punishment was eating poisoned peas. d) Mortier House is located in Washington. e) Ms. Fraunces was loyal to General Washington. The American Revolution had numerous heroes and heroines who contributed to its ultimate success. In many cases, history books describe these individuals and their deeds inadequately, if at all. One such case is the story of Phoebe Fraunces, a young black woman who was a housekeeper for George Washington. Ms. Fraunces was in charge of the general’s New York headquarters, an establishment called Mortier House. A British spy, Thomas Hickey, gained access to the American headquarters by posing as a deserter. Hickey had it in mind to kill General Washington by serving him poisoned peas. Before carrying out his plan, Hickey happened to fall in love with Ms. Fraunces, and he made the strategic mistake of telling her what he intended to do. She quietly informed Washington that the peas were poisoned, as she set the plate in front of the general. Washington reportedly tossed the peas out the window into the yard, and the lethal vegetables were eaten by chickens which then died. Hickey was caught. He gave a full confession and was hanged for his crime. An audience of 20,000 New Yorkers witnessed the spy’s final punishment. 2) Put the following events in the right order: a) Washington tossed his peas away. b) Hickey told Ms. Fraunces his plan. c) Hickey was hanged for his crime d) Chickens in the yard died. e) Hickey poisoned the peas. 2.30 FLIGHTS AND FARES 1) Study the following words and guess what this text may be about. Read the article.
Aer Lingus. It operates four return flights daily to Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris during the week. In total, it runs 26 flights per week, with a total seat capacity of 2,730. Weekday flights from Dublin leave at 7.55 a.m., 11.55 a.m., 4 p.m. and 6.25 p.m. Aer Lingus flights from Paris leave at 8.55 a.m., 11.15 a.m., 3.15 p.m. and 7.25 p.m. Aer Lingus has nine fares for tickets that include a Saturday night stay, ranging from £99 return to £219, depending on the flexibility that the passenger requires. The lowest fully flexible same-day return available from Aer Lingus is £464, while the business class seat costs £499. Public transport, bus and the underground rail are available from Charles de Gaulle Airport, while a taxi to the city centre will cost at least £20. Ryanair. The operator has three return flights to Paris Beauvais every day. Flights leave Dublin at 7.05a.m., 1.55 p.m. and 5.40 p.m. and Paris Beauvais at 9.55 a.m., 4.45 p.m. and 8.30 p.m. A same day return with Ryanair costs £149 but there is no refund if you cancel. For £199 you can get a refund if there is a cancellation. Ryanair leisure fares start at £50 return. Ryanair has a fixed price deal with the Ser’Cent Foxtrot taxi company of €40 for each additional passenger. If you want a cab back to Beauvais from Paris, you have to ring that particular company rather than simply flagging any taxi on the street. With a return cab fare of £94 it would probably be cheaper to hire a car for the day – so long as you don’t mind braving Parisian traffic, you know where you are going and you don’t need to work on the way. Ryanair also operates a bus service from Beauvais to Paris which costs €40 one way. City Jet. Leisure fares are priced at £99 and £318, though a Saturday overnight is mandatory. Its same-day return fares range from £324 to £499. City Jet’s new service to Paris has come about through a relationship with Air France’s weekend flights to Dublin/Paris. City Jet flies to Air France’s terminal 2B at Charles de Gaulle Airport. Flights depart from Dublin at 7.30 a.m. and 17.40 p.m., arriving in Paris at 9.55 a.m. and 20.05 p.m. (local time), and depart Paris at 11.10 a.m. and 20.50 p.m. Charles de Gaulle is serviced by bus and the underground train service which can take you to the city centre or other destinations. Alternatively, a taxi service will take you to the city centre in about 20 minutes at a cost of €240. 2) Imagine you are a participant in the situations given below. Answer the questions in each situation. a) You are to get from Dublin to Paris to attend a very important conference. You are short of time. It’s 3 p.m. now and the conference starts at 10am tomorrow. What operator will you turn to? What transport in Paris will you use to get to the place of destination in time? b) Your family decided to spend a weekend in Paris to visit some museums. What operator will you choose? What will be the times of departure from Dublin and arrival to Paris? What kind of transport will you choose while in Paris? How much will the trip cost? c) A famous Paris suburb is mentioned in one of the texts. What is it called? If you decide to go there by car, will you stop a taxi in the street or ring a taxi company? What does the author of the article recommend and why? |