Магистры-экономисты. Английский язык english for masters of economics
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Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации Южно-Уральский государственный университет Кафедра английского языка Ш143.21 П27 Т.Ю. Передриенко АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК ENGLISH FOR MASTERS OF ECONOMICS Учебное пособие Челябинск Издательский центр ЮУрГУ 2015 ББК Ш143.21-923 П27 Одобрено учебно-методической комиссией факультета лингвистики Рецензенты: М.А. Курочкина, С.Л. Кушнерук Передриенко, Т.Ю. П27 Английский язык: English for Masters of Economics: учебное пособие / Т.Ю. Передриенко. – Челябинск: Издательский центр ЮУрГУ, 2015. – 53 с. Учебное пособие предназначено для магистрантов экономического факультета направлений подготовки: 38.04.04 «Государственное и муниципальное управление», 38.04.01 «Экономика», 38.04.02 «Прикладная информатика». Цель пособия – подготовить студентов к чтению специальной литературы на английском языке, а также развить у них навыки устной речи по специальной тематике. Учебное пособие состоит из 5 блоков, каждый из которых включает тексты для ознакомительного и изучающего чтения, упражнения на закрепление активной лексики, упражнения на перевод и упражнения на развитие навыков устной. Для развития перцептивных навыков в области профессиональной речи в пособии разработаны задания на основе аудио и видеоматериалов сети Интернет. Учебное пособие также содержит итоговый тест для проверки усвоенных знаний. ББК Ш143.21- 923 © Издательский центр ЮУрГУ, 2015 CONTENTS UNIT 1. ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT………………………………………………………..4 UNIT 2. CURRENCY……………..…………………………………………………………….14 UNIT 3. MARKETS………..……………………………………………………………………22 UNIT 4. GLOBALIZATION..…………………………………………………………………..31 UNIT 5. DIGITAL ECONOMY………………………………………………………………...40 STOP AND CHECK…………………………………………………………………………….48 ACTIVE VOCABULARY………………………………………………………………………50 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………..53  UNIT 1. ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT LEAD-IN W  hat is economic environment?What do you know about economic factors? What is international economic environment? Economics. Give the correct translation of these words.
Fill in the gaps in the sentences using these words. The Indian _______ seems to be improving. She received her doctoral degree in ______. People should be very ______ with the money they earn. ______ conditions are more favourable. It is not always practical or ______ to recover energy from organic matter. Adam Smith and John Maynard Keynes are two famous ______. The ______ system of a country is usually called the national ______. He spent too much money. Now he should ______. The first ______ introduced by the government involved the reduction of fuel consumption. This group of students is studying the science of______. Match the following words to make the essential terms of the unit. Translate them.
TEXT 1 ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT A  n economic environment is the total number of economic factors that make up the economy of the nation. Economic factors are broken down into two separate environments: microeconomic and macroeconomic. The microeconomic environment includes information relating to the economic situations of individuals in society. The macroeconomic environment includes economic factors relating to the aggregate economic information of business industries, sectors or other particular groups of individuals and businesses. A country’s fiscal, monetary or economic policy can have great implications on the nation’s entire economic environment.An important economic factor is the inflation or deflation that alters the purchasing power of the nation’s currency. While it is impossible to determine what really causes inflation and deflation, the business cycles found in a free market economy are often considered the main reason for inflation or deflation outside of political intervention. As the purchasing power of money changes in the economic environment, consumers often change their spending behaviors and businesses missing invest less money in their operations. Current political systems usually change the monetary and fiscal policy of the nation in order to correct these changes by consumers and businesses. Monetary and fiscal policy in an economic environment attempts to maintain full employment, price stability and economic growth. Government intervention may not always have a positive effect on the nation’s economic environment. Under free market principles, governments should be restricted from significantly altering the market’s monetary or fiscal policy since political solutions often create more problems when correcting economic situations. Two other significant areas of the nation’s economic environment include interest rates for borrowing and exchange rates of goods among countries. Interest rates are the cost of borrowing money usually set by nation’s central bank. These interest rates attempt to create a smooth flow of money between businesses, banks and individuals. These groups typically need copious amounts of money for purchasing big ticket items making large economic investments. Interest rates, also called the cost of money, can also have major implications on the ability for banks to extend credit to businesses and individuals. Decreases in business investments may limit the number of imports or exports found in the economic environment. Business depends on the economic environment for all the needed inputs. It also depends on the economic environment to sell the finished goods. Naturally, the dependence of business on the economic environment is total and is not surprising because, as it is rightly said, business is one unit of the total economy. Government agencies are usually responsible for setting the terms of importing and exporting goods in the economic marketplace. These policies help companies determine if they should import or export economic inputs or resources when producing are selling goods in the global economic marketplace. Failing to encourage a strong import and export economic environment can severely impact the amount of capital found in a nation’s economy. The role of international economic environment is increasing day by day. If any business enterprise is involved in foreign trade, then it is influenced by not only its own country economic environment but also the economic environment of the country from/to which it is importing or exporting goods. There are various rules and guidelines for these trades which are issued by many organizations like World Bank, WTO, United Nations etc. http://www.wisegeek.com http://www.mbaofficial.com TASKS TEXT COMPREHENTION Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? Correct the false ones.
Economic factors make up the economy of the nation. Business never depends on the economic environment. Decreases in business investments may limit only the number of exports. Exchange rates are the cost of borrowing money set by nation’s central bank. Interest rates create a smooth flow of money between businesses. Government intervention has a positive effect on the economic environment. VOCABULARY PRACTICE 2. Give English equivalents for the following words and word combinations from Text 1. Бюджетно-налоговая политика, валютный курс, вмешательство, устойчивость цен, покупательная способность, поток денежных средств, валюта, экономическая среда, кредитно-денежная политика, инвестиции коммерческих предприятий, экономический цикл, потребитель, занятость (обеспеченность работой), учётная ставка, экспортируемые товары, влиять, правительство, общество, правительственное учреждение, готовая продукция, внешняя торговля. 3. Translate the derivatives of the words. What parts of speech do they belong to? inform (v) – информировать → information, informative, informer, uninformed i  nclude (v) – включать (содержать) → inclusion, inclusive, includingentire (adj) – полный (цельный) → entirely, entirety alter (v) – изменять → alterable, alteration, alterability possible (adj) – возможный → possibly, possibility, impossible employ (v) – нанимать → employment, employee, employer, unemployment stable (adj) – устойчивый → stability, instable cost (n) – стоимость → costly, costless, coster 4. Use a word from a box to complete each sentence.
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