Курс лекций по стилистике современного английского языка и вопросы к лекциям в приложении приведены материалы для практических занятий
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ВВЕДЕНИЕУчебное пособие предназначено для студентов технических и экономических специальностей вузов, получающих дополнительную квалификацию «Переводчик в сфере профессиональной коммуникации». Основная цель пособия – познакомить студентов с основными главами стилистики как отдельного раздела теории английского языка. В пособии освещаются такие вопросы как стилистическая дифференциация лексического состава английского языка, классификация и функции стилистических приемов, особенности функциональных стилей и их учет при переводе, в том числе технических текстов, а также основы стилистического анализа текста. Учебное пособие включает в себя 8 лекций по стилистике современного английского языка, вопросы к лекциям, а также уникальные раздаточные материалы, практические, контрольные и тестовые задания в качестве приложений. В основе теоретического раздела лежат положения лекционных курсов доктора филологических наук профессора Ю.М. Скребнева. Пособие может быть использовано также в группах углубленного изучения английского языка, группах магистрантов и аспирантов при обучении переводу литературы по специальности. Lecture #1 INTRODUCTION TO STYLISTICS1. STYLE AND STYLISTICS 2. EXPRESSIVE MEANS AND STYLISTIC DEVICES 2. FUNCTIONAL STYLES 1. STYLE AND STYLISTICSThe origin of the term “style” goes back to the Latin word “stylus” meaning “a sharp stick made of material for writing”. The word “stylistics” was borrowed from French where “stylistique” had the meaning of an instrument for writing. The concept of style is very broad. We speak of style in architecture, literature, behaviour, dress and other fields of human activity. In linguistics the majority of scholars agree that style is something that differentiates one text from another. It is the quality of the language which transfers emotions and thoughts of the author to the reader. Style is a complex of phonetic, lexical, grammatical, and syntactical peculiarities by which a certain type of speech is characterized. All the above mentioned facts stipulate the existence of stylistics as a branch of linguistics which deals with varieties of linguistic expression, investigates synonymous linguistic means, determines the spheres of their application and, thus, deals with the sub-systems making up the general system of the language. According to Professor Yu. Skrebnev, stylistics deals with three sub-systems which make up the general system of the language. These sub-systems are created by extra-lingual factors and are synonymous to one another, they are: 1. neutral type; 2. sub-standard (below the standard) type; 3. super-standard (above-the standard) type.
Every speaker of the language understands the existence of differences in expressing similar ideas; it is the science of stylistics, however, which deals with explanation of these different styles. 2. EXPRESSIVE MEANS AND STYLISTIC DEVICESEvery linguistic unit has its own semantics and sound form. It is due to interrelation of meanings and sounds that different styles of speech are formed. Here the main notions of stylistics are stylistic devices and expressive means. Expressive means are morphological, phonetic, lexical, word-building, phraseological and syntactical forms which function in the language for emotional or logical intensification of an utterance. They serve to strengthen the communicative effect of the speech. Stylistic devices are a conscious and intentional usage of some language facts. If a language fact is widely used in one and the same function, it becomes generalized in this function. A stylistic device is choice or arrangement of units to achieve an expressive or an image-creating effect. The use of stylistic devices gives an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling to the literal or written. At each level of the language we can distinguish different stylistic devices, they are phonetic, lexical, and syntactic devices. |