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c. Read the article again. Are these statements true, false, or doesn’t the text say? The researchers had already done a lot of research with young children. understood the children’s ideas by asking them to write and make things. had expected to find a difference in how the children saw ‘home’ and ‘away’. asked the children to categorise their work according to country. The children preferred shopping in Bangladesh because it was cheaper. had problems with the two aspects of their identity. tended to think of Bangladesh as a place for a holiday. only ever ate Bangladeshi food. didn’t relate distance with the closeness of a relationship. Home is where the heart is The researchers set up the project after finding that little work had been done with children whose families had moved to Britain from another country. Their research was in schools in East London, where there is a large south Asian community who regularly visit family in Bangladesh. The main themes of the research were ‘home’ and ‘journeys’, and the children took part in art workshops and diary-writing tasks. The children were given art materials to use in painting and model-making. In one task, the nine- and ten-year olds divided the art they had made into two categories – ‘home’ and ‘away’. When the researchers looked at the art, they said they found it wasn’t immediately clear which piece referred to which place. Dr Kanwal Mand, one of the researchers, explained that the children were asked to do prints or pictures and that they used colour categories to indicate ‘home’ (blue) or ‘away’ (red). They avoided naming the categories as Bangladesh or Britain, as they wanted the children to work out what ‘home’ and ‘away’ meant to them. Her colleagues, Dr Katy Gardner, explained that when the children compared ‘home’ and ‘away’, there were some surprising results. Some images, like those showing the Asian tradition of painting hands, were found in both the ‘home’ and ‘away’ piles. Other pictures showed images of Mecca next to Big Ben and other London landmarks Gadgets and consumer goods such as Nintendos, mobile phones and football shirts were linked to Bangladesh. Dr Mand suggested that this might be because the children could afford to buy such objects there. The children did not appear confused by the two sides of their identity and were not suffering from any clash of culture. They were well adapted to living in London and were skilled translators. Dr Gardner said that the children often thought of Bangladesh as other Londoners might. They complained about the heat, mosquito bites, and the spiders and frogs. Many of them saw Bangladesh also a tourist destination and talked about its shopping malls and fun fairs. In one workshop, the pupils drew circular diagrams of what is important to them, where people, places or objects they didn’t like were furthest from the center. Dr Gardner explained that the people the children thought of as closest were not necessarily those who lived near them. Some of their relations in Bangladesh were positioned really close to the children in the diagram, while cousins who lived nearby were positioned further away. Things that the children liked and related to were quite close, for example, Manchester United, and things they didn’t like such as Brussels sprouts were positioned far away. She added that if the children had family in Bangladesh, they saw that as home, and if they had relations in London, they saw that as home, too. It seems that people view home through family. Home is simply where the family are. d. Explain what things people pay attention to when they choose a house to live in. And what is home for you? Ex. 17. a. Read adverts for six host families for foreign students studying in the centre of Berlin. Prices are per week. Give each a mark 1-5 (1=bad, 5= great). Rental Close to U-bahn underground station. 8 km from the city centre-near airport and Tegeler See, lake and woodlands. Huge and beautifully decorated house. This very friendly family offers half board (€260) or self-catering (€190) accommodation. This cheerful household consists of a young couple, two-year-old boy and baby. Breakfast and evening meal included. Lovely, specious room in a flat in wealthy residential area near Tiergarten park and embassies. (€290) Bright, cheerful apartment in the multi-cultural, working class area of Wedding. Self-catering rooms for two single students sharing with a friendly lady owner. Very relaxed atmosphere. Within walking distance of lively nightlife. (€150) Beautiful country house in village 35km from Berlin. Very green! Young and friendly homeowner. Internet access. 15 minutes to train station. (€160) Compact room with access to own kitchen facilities in a large old house owned by a charming elderly couple offering quiet, comfortable accommodation. Very central. (€200) Good-sized room in lovely big apartment. A 45-minute bus ride from the centre. A very pleasant family of four (children 16 and 20). The flat is beautifully decorated. Half board (very good cuisine). 2 dogs. Non-smoking girls only. (€200) b. Work in pairs. Discuss whether you would like to stay in each one and why / why not. Ex. 18. a. A student is asking some questions to a new host family. Match the student’s questions 1-6 with the host family’s replies a-f. Notice the expressions in bold, which set limits to the answers. Would it be OK if I have friends to visit? Would you mind if I cooked for myself sometimes? Do I have to be home before a certain time? Can I use the washing machine whenever I like? Would it be possible to get web access in my room? Is it OK if I play music in my room? No, not at all – as long as you’re quiet if you’re back late. I’m afraid not, but there is an Internet café nearby. Not at all – as long as you clean up after yourself. It depends how long for. It’s fine if it’s just a few days. Of course, within reason. Obviously, you shouldn’t play it too loud. Within reason. Obviously, I don’t want you washing clothes in the middle of the night. b. Underline the different ways of making a request in the questions in exercise a).  Track 3.1. Ex. 19. a. You are going to hear Paul talking to an estate agent, and then to his sister. Listen to part one and choose the correct information.The flat is at 29 / 39 Oak Street. The estate agent says the flat is two / ten minutes from the tube. He says the flat is available / affordable. His name is Mr Lylle / Kylle. He tells / doesn't tell Paul how much the rent is. Track 3.2. b. Listen to part two. Number the problems with the flat in the order Paul talks about them. The flat was …
c. Role-play a phone call between a student and a host family. Ask questions about: the house, rules, the area, any special requests Ex. 20. Describe your house/flat. You should say: where it is situated; what the district is like what furniture/conveniences you have there. Explain why you prefer to live in the house/flat. VIII. CITY / TOWN. COUNTRYSIDE Ex. 1. a. Read the text paying attention to the words and phrases in bold. Countryside Most of the British live in towns and cities. But they have an idealised vision of the countryside. To the British, the countryside has almost none of the negative associations which it has in some countries, such as poor facilities, lack of educational opportunities, unemployment and poverty. To them, the countryside means peace and quiet, beauty, good health and no crime. Most of them would live in a country village if they thought that they could find a way of earning a living there. Ideally, this village would consist of thatched cottages built around an area of grass known as a ‘village green’. Nearby, there would be a pond with ducks on it. Nowadays such a village is not actually very common, but it is a stereotypical picture that is well-known to the British. The countryside represents stability. Those who live in towns and cities take an active interest in country matters and the British regard it as both a right and a privilege to be able to go ‘into the country’ whenever they want to. Large areas of the country are official ‘national parks’ where almost no building is allowed. Maps can be bought which mark, in great detail, the routes of all the public footpaths in the country. Even if they can’t get into the countryside, many British people still spend a lot of their time with ‘nature’. They grow plants. Gardening is one of the most popular hobbies in the country. Even those unlucky people who don’t have a garden can participate. Each local authority owns several areas of land which it rents cheaply to these people in small parcels. On these ‘allotments’, people grow mainly vegetables. b. Answer the following questions. What is the British attitude to the countryside? What does the countryside mean to people in different countries? What is a stereotypical picture of a village to the British? How do the British living in towns take part in country matters? What do city authorities do to help the ‘unlucky people’ who don’t have a garden? c. Retell the text using the words and phrases in bold. Ex. 2. Look at the description of Cork, one of Ireland’s main towns. Find any words / phrases that might be useful for describing your own or any other town. Cork city is the major metropolis of the south; indeed, with a population of about 135,000 it is the second largest city in the Republic. The main business and shopping centre of the town lies on the island created by two channels of the River Lee, with most places within walking distance of the centre. (The buses tend to be overcrowded and the one-way traffic system is fiendishly complicated.) In the hilly area of the city is the famous Shandon Steeple, the bell-tower of St Anne’s Church, built on the site of a church destroyed when the city was besieged by the Duke of Marlborough. Back across the River Lee lies the city’s cathedral, an imposing 19th century building in the French Gothic style. Cork has two markets. Neither caters specifically for tourists but those who enjoy the atmosphere of a real working market will appreciate their charm. The Crawford Art Gallery is well worth a visit. It regularly mounts adventurous exhibitions by contemporary artists. The fashionable residential districts of Cork city overlook the harbour. There are other residential areas on the outskirts. Note. Towns can be convenient places to live in because they have many facilities. Sport: swimming pool, sports centre, golf course, tennis courts, football pitch, skating rink; Cultural: theatre, opera house, concert hall, radio station, art gallery; Educational: school, college, university, library, evening classes, museum; Catering and night-life: restaurant, café, nightclub, take-away, hotel, dance-hall, disco; Transport: bus service, taxi rank, car hire agency, car park; Other: health centre, law courts, registry office, job centre, department store, chemist’s, estate agent, police station, industrial estate. Ex. 3. a. Match the words in the box with sentences 1-10.
There’s absolutely nothing to do round there in the evenings and it’s fairly quiet during the day time. We live on a main road and lots of lorries go past. The nightlife’s good. There’s always something happening. It’s quite run-down and there’s quite a lot of crime and social problems. There are lots of parks and trees, which is nice. It’s incredibly expensive round there. All you see are beautiful houses with perfect gardens. I could never afford to live there. It’s in the middle of nowhere. You need a car to get anywhere. There’s a lot of litter – the streets are filthy and there’s graffiti everywhere. There are plenty of shops and it’s well connected for transport. There are lots of families living there, so it’s nice for the kids, but we could do with more shops nearby. b. Write a list of areas you know. Swap your paper and ask your partner What’s … like? Your partner should answer the questions using language from ex. a. Track 4. Ex. 4. a. You are going to hear two people talking about the area they live in. Listen and answer the questions about each conversation. Do they like it? What’s nice about the area? What’s bad about the area? How has the area changed? What caused the change? b. Try to complete the sentences from Listening. There are still things about it, but it’s … than … before. There’s … much crime as … five years ago. It’s … quiet as … . There were … flights than … now. One of the budget airlines started using the airport and over the past few years it … bigger and … . c. Complete these sentences so they are true about your town / country. Work in pairs. Explain your ideas. … is / are much worse than … was / were before. … isn’t / aren’t as bad as it / they used to be. There is much less … than there was a few years ago. There is / are more … than there was / were in the past. It’s far easier to … than it used to be. … is more touristy than it used to be. … is / are getting better and better. Over the past few years, they’ve built more and more … in … . Ex. 5. Read the following text. Only a madman would choose to live in a large modern city ‘Avoid the rush-hour’ must be the slogan of large cities the world over. If it is, it’s a slogan no one takes the least notice of. Twice a day, with predictable regularity, the pot boils over. Wherever you look there are people, people, people. The trains which leave or arrive every few minutes are packed: an endless procession of human sardine tins. The streets are so crowded, there is hardly room to move on the pavements. The queues for buses reach staggering proportions. It takes ages for a bus to get to you because the traffic on the roads has virtually come to a standstill. Even when a bus does at last arrive, it’s so full, it can’t take any more passengers. This whole crazy system of commuting stretches man’s resources to the utmost. The smallest unforeseen event can bring about conditions of utter chaos. A power-cut, for instance, an exceptionally heavy snowfall or a minor derailment must always make city-dwellers realise how precarious the balance is. The extraordinary thing is not that people put up with these conditions, but that they actually choose them in preference to anything else. Large modern cities are too big to control. They impose their own living conditions on the people who inhabit them. City-dwellers are obliged by their environment to adopt a wholly unnatural way of life. They lose touch with the land and rhythm of nature. It is possible to live such an air-conditioned existence in a large city that you are barely conscious of the seasons. A few flowers in a public park (if you have the time to visit it) may remind you that it is spring or summer. A few leaves clinging to the pavement may remind you that it is autumn. Beyond that, what is going on in nature seems totally irrelevant. All the simple, good things of life like sunshine and fresh air are at a premium. Tall buildings blot out the sun. Traffic fumes pollute the atmosphere. Even the distinction between day and night is lost. The flow of traffic goes on unceasingly and the noise never stops. The funny thing about it all is that you pay dearly for the ‘privilege’ of living in a city. The demand for accommodation is so great that it is often impossible for ordinary people to buy a house of their own. Exorbitant rents must be paid for tiny flats which even country hens would disdain to live in. Accommodation apart, the cost of living is very high. Just about everything you buy is likely to be more expensive than it would be in the country. In addition to all this, city-dwellers live under constant threat. The crime rate in most cities is very high. Houses are burgled with alarming frequency. Cities breed crime and violence and are full of places you would be afraid to visit at night. If you think about it, they’re not really fit to live in at all. Can anyone really doubt that the country is what man was born for and where he truly belongs? |