Учебник для бакалавров. Учебник для бакалавриата по направлению Юриспруденция

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UNIT 4. LEGAL SYSTEMS OF THE WORLD: MIXED AND OTHER SYSTEMS

TEXT 1

Mixed Systems Vocabulary

1. 
   to be influenced by – находиться под влиянием чего-то
   
2. 
   the Roman-Dutch law – романо-голландское право
   
3. 
   to stem from – происходить, иметь корни
   
4. 
   to owe much to the common law – иметь много общего с системой общего права
   
5. 
   to endure in common-law environment – выжить в системе общего права
   
6. 
   transparency of common-law judgments – ясность (прозрачность) решений общего права
   

1. 
   Просмотрите текст и определите, в каком абзаце
   

а) рассказывается о влиянии старого права Нидерландов на правовые системы других стран;

2. 
   отмечаются особенности правовых систем стран Северной Европы;
   
3. 
   дается пример страны, успешно совместившей в своей правовой системе признаки романо-германский системы права с общим правом.
   

1. 
   In the first group are countries with a ‘mixed’ system influenced by both civil and common law. The older uncodified civil law of Holland is the basis of the Roman-Dutch law of South Africa, Zambia, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Botswana and, on the other side of the ocean, Sri Lanka; it is
   

marked by a rich juristic literature stemming from Hugo Grotius (de Groot) in the 17th century. But their long contacts with Britain mean that their public law and systems of court procedure owe much to the common law.

2. 
   Scotland, Louisiana, Mauritius and Quebec are examples of a private law based on older civil and customary rules (uncodified in Scotland) struggling to endure in a common-law environment. Israel has a system of its own, where the older Ottoman and British mandate layers are now overridden by a modern system. It has no single constitutional document, but much of the modern law combines the broad legislative simplicity of the great codes of civil law with the careful transparency of the common-law judgment.
   
3. 
   The Nordic Europe legal systems of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden do not fit neatly into the civil-law pattern. Their original Germanic public and private law was collected in legislative form long before the rationalizing fashion of the French model: in Denmark (1683), Norway (1683), and Sweden-Finland (1734). Marked by relatively small population with a high standard of living, economic efficiency and the ideals of the modern welfare state, they have adopted much uniform legislation especially in the fields of commerce and family law.
   

2. Употребите предлоги в словосочетаниях из текста: by, by, of, with, for, on, into.

1. 
   the system is influencedcivil law
   
2. 
   codescivil lawthe careful transparency of common law judgment
   
3. 
   is the basisthe law of South Africa
   
4. 
   is markedrich juristic literature
   
5. 
   private law baseolder civil rules
   
6. 
   do not fit neatlythe civil-law pattern
   

TEXT 2