Учебное пособие по разговорному английскому языку для студентов всех специальностей неязыкового вуза

Название	Учебное пособие по разговорному английскому языку для студентов всех специальностей неязыкового вуза
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Part 1. Geographical position of Great Britain
Vocabulary training
1. Read and remember the following words and word-combinations.

to ʼseparate – отделять(ся)

to in′clude – включать

to wash – омывать

to de′pend on – зависеть

to occupy - занимать

to be ʼsituated – быть расположенным

to be bound – быть ограниченным

′island – остров

peʼninsula [ pɪʼnɪnsjulə] – полуостров

county - графство

′coast – берег, побережье

surface[′sə:fis] – поверхность

harbour[′ha:bə] – гавань

a number of – ряд, несколько

′current – течение

inde′pendent – независимый

flat – плоский, равнинный

mountainous – гористый

′rocky – скалистый

′changeable – изменчивый

′moderate– умеренный

deep - глубокий

mild – мягкий

wet – влажный

′cloudy – облачный

′total – полный, весь

in length – длиной, по длине

as a rule – как правило

in addition to – в дополнении к

2. Work in pairs. Student A translate these sentences into Russian , student B translate them into English.

1. to in′cludе – включать

Great Britain includes England, Scotland and Wales.

2. to de′pend on – зависеть

As a rule the climate depends on the geographical position of the country.

3. to wash – омывать

The warm sea washes the country.

4. to be bound – быть ограниченным, граничить

On the west Great Britain is bound by the Atlantic Ocean.

5. ′coast – берег, побережье

The northern coasts of the country are washed by the North Sea.

6.′harbour – гавань

The coast line has excellent harbours.

7. flat – плоский, равнинный

The greater part of the surface of England is flat.

8. ′mountainous – гористый

9. ′rocky – скалистый

The northern part of the country is mountainous and rocky.

10. mild – мягкий

11. ′cloudy – облачный

12. wet – влажный

The England weather is mild, wet and cloudy.

3.Read the geographical names.

1.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

[ju:ʼnaɪtid ʼkindəm əvʼgreit ʼbritən ənd ʼnɔ:Әən ʼailənd] -

Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии.

2. Great Britain [ʼgreit ʼ britən] – Великобритания

3. the British Isles [ ʼbritiʃ ʼailz] – Британские острова

4. England [ ʼɪ:ῃglənd]– Англия

5. Scotland [ ʼskɔtlənd] – Шотландия

6. Wales [ ʼweilz] – Уэльс

7. the Irish Sea [ ʼairiʃ ʼsi:] – Ирландское море

8. the North Sea [ ʼnɔ:θ ʼsi:] – Северное море

9. the European Continent [ju:rəʼpi:ən ʼkɔntinәnt] – Европейский континент

10. the English Channel [ ʼi:ηgliʃ ʼʧᴂnәl]– пролив Ла-Манш

11. the Strait of Dover [ʼstreit əv ʼdouvə] – пролив Па-де-Кале

12. Ben Nevis [ben ʼnevis] – г. Бен Невис

13. the Severn [ʼsevn] – р. Северн

14. the Thames [ʼtemz] – р. Темза

15. the Windermere [ʼwindəmiə] – оз. Уиндермир

16. the Gulf Stream [ʼgʌlf ʼstri:m]–течение Гольфстрим

17. Celtic [ʼkeltik] – кельтский

18. Manchester [ʼmᴂnʧistə] – Манчестер

19. Liverpool [ʼlivəpu:l] – Ливерпуль

20. Glasgow [ʼglα:sgou]] – Глазго

21. Birmingham [ʼbә:miηəm]– Бирмингем

4. Choose the geographical names with а definite article the in exercise III, read and memorize them.
5. Find the synonyms.
main, total, flat, coast, state, about, territory, shore, area, chief, entire, level, country, mild, soft, several, cool, current, flow, cold, nearly, a number of.
6. Read the adjectives and form degrees of comparison. Translate them into Russian.

great	mild	warm	long
large	changeable	small	wet
deep	moderate	high	short

7. Make sure if you remember the suffixes of adjectives.
mountain – mountainous; climate – climatic; rock – rocky; cloud – cloudy; wind – windy; geography – geographical; tropics – tropical; Europe – European; north – northern; south – southern; change – changeable.
8. Read and translate the following word-combinations and phrases.

a) geographical position, total area, excellent harbours, independent republic, Northern Ireland, on the west coast, the Lake District, Celtic languages, warm current of the Gulf Stream, the highest mountain Ben Nevis, the largest lake Windermere,

b) can be used by ships, it brings a little of tropics to the very doors of English people, as a rule, the surface is flat.
9. Match the words in A with those in B.

A		B
1.part 2.surface 3.area 4.republic	5.position 6.climate 7.current 8.continent	a. flat b. total c. changeable d. independent	e. geographical f. southern g. European h. warm

10. Translate the sentences into Russian and then back into English.
1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on two large islands.

2. The country is separated from the European Continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover.

3. The southern part of Ireland is an independent republic.

4. On the west coasts of the state is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean.

5. The British Isles are washed by the warm current of the Gulf Stream.
11. Express your opinion.

1. The total area of Great Britain is about 245.000 square kms.

2. Over 80 % of population of Great Britain live in cities.

3. The longest rivers are the Severn and the Thames.

4. The river Thames is 332 kms in length.

5. The Strait of Dover is only 31 kms across.

6. The main cities of the country are London, Birmingham, Liverpool and Manchester.
12. Translate into English.
on: на двух больших островах; на континенте; на Темзе; на озере Виндермир; на Тихом океане; на западном побережье.

in: в Европе; в Шотландии; по длине; в стране; на севере; на юге; на западе страны.

by: отделен Ирландским морем; ограничен Атлантическим океаном; использованы кораблями; омывается тёплым течением.

of: теплое течение Гольфстрима; Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии; поверхность Англии; самая длинная из них; 80 % населения; ряд озер; прибрежная зона страны.
13. Choose the right word.
1. The southern part of Ireland is an (developing, independent, socialist) republic.

2. The coastline of the country has excellent (gulfs, mountains, harbours).

3. The English weather is (changeable, unchangeable, dry).

4. The longest river Severn is 353 kms (in a year, in number, in length).

5. The British Isles are (bound, washed, situated) by the warm (current, sea, ocean) of the Gulf Stream.
Reading
14. Study the following text.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on 2 large islands and 5.000 smaller ones. These are the British Isles. Great Britain is the largest island in Europe. It is separated from Ireland by the Irish Sea, from the European Continent – by the North Sea, the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. In the east the country is washed by the North Sea. On the west coasts Great Britain is bound by the Atlantic Ocean.

G

reat Britain includes England, Scotland and Wales. Administratively Great Britain is divided into 55 counties.

England is the largest part of Great Britain. It occupies over 50 % of the territory and its population amounts to 83 % of the total population of Great Britain.

Wales is а peninsula in the south-west of the island of Great Britain. It occupies about 9 % of its territory with the population of 4.8 % of the total population. The Welsh speak their own language. The capital is Cardiff.

Scotland is the most northern part of Great Britain with the territory of 32 % of the total territory and with the population of 9 % of the total population of Great Britain. Its capital is Edinburgh.

Northern Ireland occupies the north-east part of the island of Ireland. Its territory amounts to 5.2 % of the total territory of Great Britain. Its capital is Belfast.

The southern part of Ireland is an independent republic.

The greater part of the surface of England and Ireland is flat. The northern part of Scotland and Wales is mountainous and rocky. The main rivers are short but can be used by ships. The longest of them are the Severn, 353 kms in length and the Thames, 332 kms in length. There is a number of lakes in the country. The largest lake is the Lake District. The coastline of the country has excellent harbours.

As a rule, climate depends on the geographical position of the country. The British Isles are washed by the warm current of the Gulf Stream, It makes the climate more moderate than on the Continent and brings a little of tropics to the very doors of English people. So the weather is mild, wet, cloudy, windy and changeable.

The total area of the country is about 21.600 square miles or 245.000 kms. The population of Great Britain is about 58 million, 44 being Englishmen. Over 80 % of the population live in cities and towns. Nearly all people speak English. but some speak Celtic languages.

The main cities are London, Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester, Edinburgh, Glasgow and Cardiff.
15. Express your opinion.

Model: T: The greater part of England is flat.

St: It is right. The greatest part of England is flat.

T: The population of Great Britain is 130 million.

St: It is wrong. The population of Great Britain is 58 million.
1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on 1 large island.

2. Great Britain includes England, Scotland and Wales.

3. Great Britain is separated from Ireland by the Irish Sea.

4. Great Britain is bounded by the Pacific Ocean.

5. The main rivers of Great Britain can be used by ships.

6. The British Isles are washed by the cold current of the Gulf Stream.

7. The Gulf Stream brings a little of tropics to the very doors of English people.

8. The weather in England is mild, wet, cloudy, windy and changeable.

9. The main cities of Great Britain are New York, Washington, San Francisco and Chicago.
16. Find in the text English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations.
скалистый; прибрежная линия; независимая республика; это делает климат более умеренным; могут быть использованы судами; приносит немного «тропиков» к самым дверям англичан; на западном побережье; причем 44 – это англичанe.
17. Say it in English using the model.

1. to be situated – быть расположенным

Model: T: Омск расположен в Сибири.

St: Omsk is situated in Siberia.
a). Франция расположена на Европейском континенте.

b) Шотландия расположена на севере Великобритании.

c) Великобритания расположена на Британских островах.
2. to be separated – быть отделенным

Model: T: Европа отделена от Азии Уральскими горами.

St: Europe is separated from Asia by the Urals.
a) Великобритания отделена от Ирландии Ирландским морем.

b) Великобритания отделена от Европейского континента Северным морем.

c) Шотландия отделена от Англии горами и холмами.

d) Франция отделена от Великобритании проливами Ла Манш и Паде-Кале.
3. to include – включать

Model: T: Омскaя область включает 32 района.

St: Omsk region includes 32 districts.
a) Великобритания включает Англию, Шотландию и Уэльс.

b) Британские острова включают 2 больших острова и более 5000 маленьких островов.

c) Лондон включает 3 основные части.
18. Fill in the missing words and phrases from those listed below.
1. The greater part of the surface of England and Ireland is ….

2. The northern part of Scotland and Wales is ….

3. The Severn is 353 kms…, the Thames is 332 kms ….

4. The weather in England is ….

5. The highest mountain is ….

6. The Gulf Stream makes the climate more ….

7. The British Isles are washed by ….

mountainous, flat, Ben Nevis, rocky, in length, in Scotland, the warm current of the Gulf Stream, wet, cloudy, mild, moderate.

19. Finish up the sentences according to the model:

.........in Scotland........

.........in Ireland...........

.........in Wales............

..........in Sweden..........

..........in Spain........

..........in Denmark........

...........in Holland..........

........in Switzerland.......

20. Translate the following sentences.
1. Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии расположено на Британских островах.

2. Великобритания включает Англию, Шотландию и Уэльс.

3. Южная часть Ирландии – это независимая республика.

4. Полная площадь страны равна 245 тыс. кв. км.

5. Большая часть Англии и Ирландии плоская.

6. Северная часть Шотландии и Уэльса горная.

7. Самые длинные реки – Северн и Темза.

8. Британские острова омываются теплым течением Гольфстрима и это делает климат более умеренным.

9. Погода в стране мягкая, влажная, изменчивая.

10. Население страны равно 58 миллионам.

11. Главные города – Лондон, Бирмингем, Ливерпуль, Глазго, Манчестер.
Speech practice
21. Imagine you are a teacher of geography in English school.

22. Bring two pictures or postcards showing some English scenery. Describe what there is in the pictures, what feelings you have about the views.
23. Describe the geographical position of Great Britain.

а) the position of the country;

b) what parts it consists of;

c) its scenary;

d) climate;

e) its population;

f) the main cities;

24. Discuss the following topics (use the map and some additional sources of information):

1. Physical background of Great Britain.

2. English scenery and climate.

3. Big cities of Great Britain.

4. Four parts of the country.

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