А. М. Maslova Z. I. Winestein L. S. Plebeyskaya Essential English for
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Substitute the Russian words in brackets for the English ones:
1. The atlas on Anatomy was composed by R. D. Sinelnikov. 2. These children will be given vitamin therapy. 3. The chest of the patient is examined by the doctor. 4. At this clinic the operations on the skull are carried out suc cessfully.
1. Dissecting the corpse the students separated one muscle from the other.
1. He can perform this operation in the morning. 2. My friend was the last to come to the lecture. 3. He wants to determine the direction of muscular fibers. 4. Microbiology is one of the most interesting subjects to study.
1. Медсестра сказала, что у меня слишком маленький вес. 2. Терапевт обнаружил, что у больного кровяное давление на правой руке выше, чем на левой. 3. В своей лекции профессор сообщил, что кровеносные сосуды делятся на артерии, вены и капилляры. 4. Врач был уверен, что в этом случае можно легко установить причину заболевания.
TextF In the adult the muscles form about 35%-40% of the body weight. All the muscles are divided into the muscles of the trunk, head, and extremities. Long, short and wide muscles form three basic groups. The long muscles compose the free parts of the extremities. The wide muscles form the walls of the body cavities. Some short muscles, of which stapedius [sta’pirdjas] (стремечко- вая) is the smallest muscle in the human body, form facial musculature. The structure of the muscular fibers is different in different groups of muscles. The muscles consist of a mass of muscle cells. The muscular fibers are connected together by connective tissue. There are many blood vessels and nerves in the muscles. The muscles are the active agents of motion and contraction. LESSON 12 I. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания: born [Ьэ:п] а рожденный; be born родиться degree [di’gri:] п степень; ученая степень; градус; My temperature was 36.5°С—У меня была температура 36,5° (градуса по Цельсию). 36.5°С следует читать: thirty-six point five degrees Celcium (или thirtysix point five Centigrade) receive [ri’si:v] v принимать; получать strong [strorj] а сильный; крепкий; здоровый surface [‘sa:fis] n поверхность far [fa:] а далекий; adv далеко; значительно point [point] n место, точка origin [‘orid3in] n начало; источник; происхождение band [bsend] n пучок finding [‘faindiq] n находка; pi данные, результаты ending [‘endir)] n окончание abdomen [‘sebdamen] n брюшная полость, живот restore [ri’sto:] v восстанавливать (здоровье) condition [kan’dijn] n состояние (здоровья), условие П. Переведите предложения, обратив внимание на выделенные слова: 1. The bands of muscular fibers may be long or short. 2. The human leg has a large surface. 3. Show us in the picture the point of connection of the rib and the breastbone. 4. The origin of some diseases is not well studied. 5. He is the Ukranian by origin. 6. He received the degree of Doctor of Medicine at the age of 45. 7. The patient had a very high temperature — it was 39,5°C. 8. The patient’s health was restored after the course of treatment.
соединительная ткань, кровеносный сосуд, вес тела, сокращение мышцы, нервные окончания, место начала, пучки мышечных волокон, поверхность кости, в соответствии с, искусственный сустав, шейные позвонки the surface of the bone, connective tissue, the bands of muscular fibers, cervical vertebrae, a blood vessel, according to; body weight, nerve endings, contraction of the muscle, an artificial joint, the point of origin
Text G. Prof. Lesgaft’s Scientific Research Professor P.F. Lesgaft was born in 1837. He was a prominent Russian anatomist and a talented teacher. He was the first scientist in our country to work out the science of physical culture. He studied at the Medical Academy. After he graduated from the Academy he worked for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine. This degree was given to him in 1865 and in 1868 he received the Degree of Doctor of Surgery. Then he worked as the Professor of Anatomy at Kazan University. In 1886 he began to deliver lectures in Anatomy in Petersburg. About 130 scientific works were written by Prof. Lesgaft. Many of them were translated into foreign languages. One of his main works was the book called The Basis of Theoretical Anatomy. In one of his works which was written in 1892 Prof. Lesgaft divided the muscles into two basic groups—static and dynamic [dai’naemik]. In his work they were called strong, and skilled (ловкие). He determined that the static muscles were connected with large surfaces of the bones far from the point of their origin; they were formed by short bands of muscular fibers; the dynamic muscles were composed of the bands of long muscular fibers. His studies on static and dynamic muscles were continued by Professor A.K. Koveshnikova, who received many interesting findings. In 1954 it was determined by her experiments on animals that static and dynamic muscles were different in the number of nerve fibers and the form of nerve endings.
1. Lesgaft was a prominent researcher who... (a) studied the structure of the human bones; 6) worked out the science of physical culture; в) was born in the 20th century) 2. Static muscles are... (a) formed by long bands of muscular fibers; 6) the muscles which have a large amplitude of motion; в) connected with large surfaces of the bones) 3. The wide muscle form... (a) the walls of the body cavities; 6) the free parts of the extremities; в) the main parts of the trunk) |