А. М. Maslova Z. I. Winestein L. S. Plebeyskaya Essential English for

• Название: А. М. Maslova Z. I. Winestein L. S. Plebeyskaya Essential English for
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Notes

1. 
   the secondary education—среднее образование
   
2. 
   to learn—зд. чтобы узнать
   
3. 
   curriculum [ks’nkjubm]—учебный план; программа (института, университета)
   
4. 
   to deal with patients—обращаться с больными
   

CLASS ASSIGNMENTS

16. 
    Read the following and explain the pronunciation of the letters and letter combinations in bold type:
    

leave, last, tooth, teeth, circle, yellow, chair, appear, prepare, pure, while, whole, early, become, want, chest, short

17. 
    Form and translate the new words using the given suffixes:
    

-ion(-ation), -sion, -tion: fix, prepare, decide, add, inform, infect, protect;

-ment: require, achieve, treat, appoint, excite;

-(i)ty: responsible, human, special, possible;

-(i)ly: day, successful, necessary, clear, deep, main;

-y: word, sleep, health, air, ease

18. 
    Substitute the words in bold type for the words of the close meaning:
    

1. 
   M. Sechenov is a well-known Russian physiologist. 2. At present we
   

study some premedical subjects. 3. The researcher will finish his experiment in a week. 4. The operation was over at five o’clock in the afternoon. 5. Our first term will last till the middle of January.

19. 
    State the part of speech of the words in bold type. Translate the sentences:
    

1. 
   1. Last month they had practical classes at the Chair of Therapy. 2. These experiments usually last for about two hours. 3. There are two terms in the academic year. 4. The first-year students study many anatomical terms. 5. In summer I usually rest in the village. 6. My friend and I went to the theatre and the rest of our group went to the cinema. 7. What kind of books do you like?
   

8. 
   We know that this doctor is a very kind and intellectual person.
   

2. 
   1.1 need your help very much. 2. A friend in need is a friend indeed (действительно). 3. The nurses take care of the patients. 4. She nurses the patients with great care.
   
3. 
   1. At the end of the winter term we shall take two examinations and at the end of the spring term we shall have five.
   

20. 
    Answer the following questions:
    

What do we call: 1. a person who takes care of patients? 2. a doctor who operates on patients? 3. a doctor who treats patients with different medicines and remedies? 4. a person who discovers something new in the field of science?

5. 
   a house where the students live? 6. a grown-up person? 7. the organ which pumps (нагнетает) blood (кровь) through the arteries and veins? 8. a fixed period of time during which the students study? 9. the completion of the course of studies at the Institute?
   

21. 
    Supply questions to these answers:
    

1. 
   Yes, we can dissect corpses. 2. Yes, they may fix the date of their consultation. 3. Yes, I must complete this work in time.
   

22. 
    Turn the following sentences into negative:
    

1. My friend left the town for his summer holidays. 2. They are resting now.

1. 
   return to the hostel at 2 p.m. 4. He feels tired after his classes.
   

ХХШ. Put special questions to the following using the given interrogative words:

1. My fellow-student got a good mark in English, (what какую) 2. Modern methods of treatment help the doctors to treat people successfully, (how) 3. The surgeon was working at the clinic from 9 a.m. till 2 p.m. (where) 4. My sister looks ill. (who) 5. He is tired because he works hard, (why)

24. 
    Read the passages and answer the questions. Explain your answers:
    

1. 
   Fred is in the dissecting-room. He is preparing for his Anatomy class. He is dissecting the corpse.
   
2. 
   Boris is often in the dissecting-room. There he prepares for his Anatomy classes. He dissects corpses. Кто из них в данное время готовится к занятиям по анатомии?
   

1. 
   On Fridays Nick went to the clinic. He helped the nurse. He took the patients’ temperature. He gave patients some remedies.
   
2. 
   It was Friday yesterday. George was at the clinic for the whole day. He was helping the nurse. He was taking the patients’ temperature. He was giving patients some remedies. Кто из них обычно ходил в клинику по пятницам?
   

24. 
    Read and translate Text С:
    

Text С. Oxford Colleges

Oxford is one of the oldest universities in England. This University has 32 colleges—27 for men and 5 for women. There are 16 faculties there, among them the medical, humanitarian and others. A large college has about 500 students; about one hundred students study at a small college. Most of the students of Oxford are those young people who finished private schools.

During the first days after his entrance to Oxford the student meets his tutor (teacher) and begins to work. At the first interview the tutor asks his student many questions. This helps the tutor to understand the general intellectual development of his student. The tutor tells him about the lectures which he must attend and gives the list of books which the student must read during the term.

At the beginning or end of each term the student must take college examinations in written form. In many colleges of Oxford the tutors meet with the head of the college regularly and discuss the students’ work.

At Oxford the working hours of the student are from 9 a.tm. to 1 p.m. At 9 o’clock he sees his tutor or goes to the library or to the lectures. From 2 p.m. to

5. 
   p.m. he goes in for sports and does different exercises. From 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. he works in the library or in the laboratory. At 7 p.m. he has dinner. After dinner the students have club activities or attend different societies. At about 10 p.m. the student begins to work again and works for about two hours.
   

24. 
    Answer the following questions:
    

What have you learned about higher education in England and about the daily regimen of an Oxford student?

24. 
    Прочтите текст D со словарём. Скажите, что вы узнали о медицинском образовании в разных странах.
    

TEXT D. Medical education in different countries

Medical Institutes in the USSR as well as other higher schools of our country are open for the working people and their children.

But in capitalist countries we see another picture. For most people of poor classes the doors of higher schools are closed.

In the USA young people from rich families which make up only 10% of all the youth, constitute¹ about 80-90% of all students. The young people from poor families constitute only 5%.

The race discrimination principle plays even greater role. For example, only 2% of Negroes study at all medical higher schools of the USA.

There are definite limitation for admission of young women which constitute only 10%.

Only in socialist countries young women can freely enter medical higher schools. About 55 to 60% of all the number of students are young women.

In the USA the education fee² is increasing every year and is about 5000 American dollars a year.

In 1974 only about 1000 young people entered 11 medical faculties in the USA, while more than 50000 young people entered 91 higher medical schools in the USSR.

In all socialist countries the whole course of higher medical education lasts for six years. But in capitalist countries the duration of education varies considerably, for example in the GFR (German Federative Republic) it is nine years, in Holland — eight years, in France—7 years, in England and Italy—

years, in the USA — 4 years offer graduation from 7 or 8 years’ course at a college.

In capitalist countries there is a various order to receive the right to medical practice.

For example, in England a young doctor must attend internship during a year, then he must take an examination and only then he gets the right to practice.

In the USA only the doctor, who has passed the examination in the chosen field of medicine, and has got the necessary certificate³ can practice medicine.

Notes:

1. 
   constitnte — составлять
   
2. 
   education fee — плата за обучение
   

certificate — удостоверение

CYCLE П. ANATOMY

UNIT I. THE BONES AND THE MUSCLES

Правилачтения: Буквосочетания igh, ild, ind; rial; oi, oy; ou; au, aw; буквы с, s, t перед сочетанием гласных ia, ie, io.

Словообразование: Суффиксы -age, -ive; префиксы in-, im”, il-, ir-, -un.

Грамматика: Образование причастия прошедшего времени (Past Participle). Времена группы Indefinite Passive. Согласование времен (при одновременности действия). Инфинитив и его функции.

2. 
   Прочтите и переведите:
   

1. village, cartilage, haemorrhage, bandage, language, usage, damage; 2* impossible, indefinite, irregular, undone, unhappy, illegal, unwritten, ineffective

2. 
   Обратите внимание на выделенные слова. Ответьте на вопросы:
   

The studied subject is new. The examined patient is ill.

1. Какой формой глагола являются выделенные слова? 2. Как переводится Past Participle?

2. 
   Выпишите из словаря инфинитивы от следующих причастий и переведите их:
   

formed, located, published, called, connected, found, made, said, seen, chosen, taken, kept, spent

2. 
   Выпишите и выучите неправильные глаголы в трех формах: (см. таблицу неправильных глаголов, стр. 314)
   

leave, be, begin, come, do, give, go, get, have, hear, know, make, meet, read, see, take, teach, tell, think, write, become, lose, feel, lie, hold, mean

2. 
   Прочтите предложения и ответьте на вопросы:
   

I examined. Не examined.

We examined. I was examined.

He was examined. We were examined.

1 .* В каком времени и в какой форме стоит сказуемое в левой колонке, и как переводятся эти предложения? 2* Из чего состоит сказуемое в колонке справа? Переведите предложения. 3.* Какая разница между переводом в колонке слева и справа? 4. Дайте формулу страдательного залога (Passive). 5. Что изменяется в этой формуле при изменении по временам, лицам и числам? 6. Что остается неизменным в этой формуле? 7. Поставьте глагол to be в нужной форме для образования Present и Future Indefinite Passive. 8. Как образуются отрицательная и вопросительная формы в страдательном залоге? 9. Как переводятся предложения в страдательном залоге?