Учебное пособие. А. Н. Туполева (каи) кафедра восточных и европейских языков (вея) engineering английский язык для студентов технических специальностей учебное пособие
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Cities on waterCanals are so deeply identified with Venice that many canal cities have been nicknamed "the Venice of ..." The city is built on marshy islands, with wooden piles supporting the buildings, so that the land is man-made rather than the waterways. The islands have a long history of settlement; by the 12th century, Venice was a powerful city state. Amsterdam was built in a similar way, with buildings on wooden piles. It became a city around 1300. Other cities with extensive canal networks include: Delft, Haarlem and Leiden in the Netherlands, Brugge in Flanders, Birmingham in England, Saint Petersburg in Russia, Hamburg in Germany, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, and Cape Coral, Florida in the United States. Inland canals have often had boats specifically built for them. An example of this is the British narrow-boat, which is up to 72 feet (21.95 m) long and 7 feet (2.13 m) wide and was primarily built for British Midland canals. Some canals has a limitation to boats of under 10 tons. Most canals have a limit on height because of bridges or tunnels. PartIII (… адрес интернет-странички с видеороликами…) 1. THE CHANNEL TUNNEL (1) (01:12) PRE-LISTENING
WHILE-LISTENING Watch the video and answer the following questions: 4. What does the Channel Tunnel connect? 5. When did the project start? 6. How long did the construction last? 7. How much does the project cost? 8. How many workers were employed for the project? 9. When was the Tunnel opened? 10. What is its length? 11. How long is the journey through the Tunnel by car? POST-LISTENING 12. Make the summary of the video-track. 13. Find information about any other tunnel to answer the same questions. 2. THE CHANNEL TUNNEL (2) (04:41) PRE-LISTENING 1. What information do you remember about the Channel Tunnel? WHILE-LISTENING Watch the video, read the inscriptions and find the answers to the following questions: 2. Which places (towns) in Britain and France exactly does the Tunnel connect? 3. Which Tunnel is the longest in the world? 4. When did the idea of a construction appear first? 5. What was Albert Mathieu’s plan? 6. What organizations were involved into the construction? 7. What capacity do the terminals have? 8. What should be taken into account by engineers before starting a construction of a tunnel under a channel? POST-LISTENING 9. Find information about any other tunnel and make a report to the class about it. 3. T B M (00:39) PRE-LISTENING 1. What does the abbreviation ‘TBM’ stand for? 2. What is TBM? 3. Who can operate TBM? WHILE-LISTENING Watch the video and answer the following questions: 4. How long is the TBM shown in the track? 5. Which two things (objects) is this TBM compared to? 6. How big is TBM shown in the track? 7. How heavy is it? 8. What does this TBM do? POST-LISTENING 9. Watch the video without audio and make your own comments. 4. TUNNEL BORING MACHINE (04:00) PRE-LISTENING 1. What is the main purpose of TBM? (to bore the ground) 2. Do you know the following words? Study the meaning of the words: “to press”, “to rotate”, “pressure”, “to chip”, “conveyer belt”, “protective roof”, “arch”, “football pitch”. WHILE-LISTENING Watch the video and put the following facts in the order of appearance in the track: 3.
Watch the track again and answer the following questions: 4. How many cutters does the cutting head have? 5. What distance can TBM drive a day? 6. What is TBM compared to? 7. How long is the TBM shown in the track? 8. What is the length of the TBM compared to? POST-LISTENING 9. Summarize everything you know about TBMs. 5. A DAM - THE WONDER OF THE WORLD (01:13) PRE-LISTENING 1. What is a dam? 2. What is the common use of a dam? 3. Do you think that dams are interesting for tourists to visit? Why? 4. Study the meaning of the word ‘sundial’: ‘Sundial’ = a device used outdoors, especially in the past, for telling the time when the sun is shining. Do you believe that a dam can be a sundial? WHILE-LISTENING Watch the video and answer the following questions: 5. What country is this dam situated in? 6. Why is the dam considered to be an interesting place to visit? 7. How is the time shown? 8. Which colour is used for a.m. hours; which is for p.m. hours? 9. What time range can be seen on the dam? 10. What is the aim of this ambitious project? POST-LISTENING 11. Make up your own comments on what you have just seen. Would you like to visit the place? Why? 6. UC DAVIS NEWSWATCH. DAMS (01:54) PRE-LISTENING 1. What is a dam? 2. What is the common use of a dam? WHILE-LISTENING Watch the video and answer the following questions: 3. Where is the dam situated? 4. What does this dam provide? 5. Who and what is the speaker? 6. Is he for or against new dams? Why? POST-LISTENING 7. Which of the above mentioned aims of a dam is the most important one? Why? 7. CHINAS YANGTZE DAM (03:03) PRE-LISTENING 1. Where do people construct dams? 2. What for is this usually done? 3. What is the common use of a dam? 4. What problems may a construction of a dam provide? 5. Do you know the following words? Study the meaning of the words: “displacement’, ‘debate’, ‘income’. WHILE-LISTENING Watch the video and answer the following questions: 00:00 – 00:33 6. Where is this picturesque place situated? 7. What kind of construction is shown in the track? 8. How far are these two places from each other? 9. What is the problem of the construction? 00:34 – 00:51 10. Why is the Chinese family shown in the track? 11. How big is the family? 12. How big is their place of living at the moment? 00:52 – 01:00 13. What does Ma Guoming think about the project? 01:01 - 01:26 14. How many dams are going to be built along the river? 01:27 – 01:57 15. Is compensation given quickly to the people? 16. How much is the compensation given? 17. How many residents were moved from their places of living? 02:11 – 02:27 18. Complete the following phrase: “No land means no …… and that …… an uncertain ……“ POST-LISTENING 19. Comment on the problem discussed in the track. 8. __________ CANAL MIRAFLORES (01:20) PRE-LISTENING 1. What is a canal? 2. Which famous canals do you remember? 3. Do you know the following words? Study the meaning of the following words: “marvel” = something that is wonderful or that surprises you. “lock” = a part of a canal where the level of water changes. Locks have gates at each end and are used to allow boats to move to a higher or lower level. “to appreciate” = to enjoy something or to understand the value of something. WHILE-LISTENING Watch the video and answer the following questions: 4. What is the name of the Canal? Complete the heading. 5. What part of the world is the Canal situated in? 6. How long is the Canal? 7. What oceans are mentioned in the track?Why? 8. What is the height that the ships are raised? 9. Where exactly is the Miraflores Lock situated? 10. What is special about this Lock? 11. Who was this film made by? POST-LISTENING 12. Would you like to appreciate the process of ship passing through the lock? 9. THE HISTORY OF PANAMA CANAL (1) (03:55) THE HISTORY OF PANAMA CANAL (2) (08:17) PRE-LISTENING 1. Try to remember everything you know about the Panama Canal. WHILE-LISTENING 2. Watch the two videos. Try to understand any other facts about the Canal. POST-LISTENING 3. Summarize everything you know about the Canal and make a report to the class.
Part I
* (“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 16, pg.18, ex.1)
* (the text is from: “Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 16, pg.18, ex.3)
* (“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 16, pg.18, ex.4) 6. Complete the definitions (1 – 5) below with the highlighted words in the text. Use the glossary or your dictionary to help you.
* (“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 16, pg.18, ex.5)
Check the knowledge of active vocabulary from this module with the help of “ACTIVE VOCABULARY” section. Part II
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with a word from the boxes below:
A (1) __________ radio (or windup radio) is a radio that is (2) __________ by human muscle power rather than batteries or the electrical grid. In the most common arrangement, an internal (3) __________ generator is run by a mainspring, which is wound by a hand crank on the case. Turning the crank winds the (4) __________ , and a full winding will allow several hours of (5) __________ . Clockwork (6) __________ have now been replaced by batteries charged by hand-crank generators in commercial crank-powered radios. Like other self-powered (7) __________ , clockwork radios were intended for camping, emergencies and for use in areas of the world where there is no (8) __________ and replacement batteries are hard to obtain, such as in developing (9) __________ or remote settlements. They are also (10) __________ where a radio is not used on a regular basis and batteries would deteriorate, such as at a vacation house or cabin.
Newer crank-powered radios that do not use clockwork, but are designed for emergency, use often included flashlights, blinking emergency lights, and emergency sirens. They also may include multiple alternate power sources such as conventional or rechargeable (11)__________ , auto cigarette lighter (12)__________ , and solar cells. Radios powered by handcranked generators are not new, but their market was previously seen as limited to emergency or military (13)__________ . The modern clockwork radio was (14) __________ and patented in 1991 by British (15) __________ Trevor Baylis as a response to the AIDS crisis. He envisioned it as a radio for use by poor people in developing countries without access to batteries. In 1996 he co-founded Baygen Power Industries (now Freeplay Energy PLC), which produced the first commercial (16) __________ . The key to its design was the use of a constant velocity spring to (17) __________ the potential energy. 2. TREVOR BAYLIS - A FAMOUS INVENTOR 1) Read the following text quickly and match the headings from the box with parts of the text.
2) Read the text again and fill in the gaps. Use the words from the boxes in each part. A ___________________________
Trevor Graham Baylis is an English (1) __________ . He is best known for inventing the wind-up (2) __________ . Instead of using (3) __________ or external electrical source, the radio is (4) __________ by the user winding a crank for several seconds. This stores (5) __________ in a spring which then drives an electrical generator to (6) __________ the radio receiver. He (7) __________ it in response to the need to communicate information about (8) __________ to the people of (9)__________ . B ___________________________
Trevor Baylis was (10) __________ on 13 May 1937 to Cecil Archibald Walter Baylis and Gladys Jane Brown in Kilburn, London. He grew up in Southall, Middlesex, and attended North Primary (11)__________. His first job was in a Soil Mechanics Laboratory in Southall where a day-release arrangement enabled him to study (12) __________ and structural engineering at a local technical (13)_________ . C ___________________________ A keen swimmer, he swam for Great Britain at the age of 15. He narrowly failed to qualify for the 1956 Summer Olympics. When he was 20 he started his National Service as a physical training (14) _________ and swam for the Army and Imperial Services during this time. When he left the army he took a job with Purley Pools, the (15) __________ which made the first free-standing swimming pools. Initially he worked in a sales role but later in research and development. His swimming (16) __________ enabled him to demonstrate the pools and drew the crowds at shows, and this led to forming his own aquatic display company as professional swimmer, stunt* performer and entertainer, performing high dives into a glass-sided tank. With money earned from performing as an underwater escape artiste in the Berlin Circus he set up Shotline Steel Swimming Pools, a company which supplies modular swimming pools to schools in the (17) __________ . D ___________________________
Baylis' work as a stunt man made him feel kinship with disabled people through friends whose injuries had ended their performing careers. In 1985 this involvement led him to (18) __________ and develop a range of products for disabled (19) __________ called Orange Aids. In 1991, he saw a (20) __________ programme about the spread of AIDS in Africa and that a way to stop the spread of the disease would be by education and (21) __________ using radio broadcasts. Before the programme had finished he had assembled the first (22) __________ of his most well-known invention, the (23) __________ radio, in his (24)__________ . The (25) __________ prototype included a small transistor radio, an electric (26) __________ from a toy car, and the clockwork (27) __________ from a music box. He patented the idea and then tried to put it into (28)__________ , but was met with rejection from everyone he approached.
The turning point came when his prototype was featured on the BBC TV (29) __________ Tomorrow's World in April 1994. With money from (30) __________ he formed a company Freeplay and in 1996 the Freeplay radio was awarded the BBC Design Award for Best Product and Best (31) __________ . In the same year Baylis met Queen Elizabeth II and Nelson Mandela at a state banquet, and also travelled to Africa with the Dutch Television Service to (32) __________ a documentary about his life. He was awarded the 1996 World Vision Award for Development Initiative that year. Baylis filed his first patent in (33) __________ . 1997 saw the production in South Africa of the new (34) __________ Freeplay radio, a smaller lighter model designed for the Western consumer market with a running time of up to an hour on twenty seconds of winding. This radio has since been updated and now includes a (35) __________ panel so that it runs in sunshine without winding. E ____________________________
Numerous tours, (36) __________ and television appearances have followed, and Baylis has been awarded many honours including the OBE in 1997, and eleven honorary degrees from UK universities (1998 to 2005) including the degree of Doctor of the University from the Open University in 2001. In 1999 he received the coveted Pipe Smoker of the Year Award for his invention of the Freeplay radio from the British Pipesmokers' Council, which honours famous pipesmokers. He continued to (37) __________ , and in 2001 he completed a 100 mile walk across the Namib Desert demonstrating his “electric shoes” and raising money for the Mines Advisory Group. The "electric shoes" use piezoelectric contacts in the heels to charge a small (38) __________ that can be used to operate a radio transceiver or cellular telephone. F ____________________________ Following his own experience of the difficulties faced by (39) __________ , Baylis set up the Trevor Baylis Foundation to "promote the activity of Invention by encouraging and supporting Inventors and Engineers". This led to the formation of the (40) __________ Trevor Baylis Brands PLC. The company (41) __________ inventors with professional partnership and help; enables them to develop new (42) __________ ; tries to (43) __________ them; helps them to find the rout to market. Their primary goal is to secure license agreements for inventors, but they also consider starting up new companies around good ideas. The company is (44) __________ in Richmond, London. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||