Разговорные фразы. А О Иванов. Англ. разговорные формулы. (Восстановлен). Английские разговорные формулы допущено Государственным комитетом ссср по народному образованию в качестве учебного пособия для студентов педагогических институтов по специальности Иностранные языки москва
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illustrative Examples Note: These are given in order of increasing Formality (politeness). — Will you help me move the table? Yes, of course. — Will you give me a ring tomorrow morning about ten? All right. — Could you lend me a pound till Saturday? I’m sorry, but I’m rather short of money at the moment. — Could you tell me the way to the station, please? Yes. Turn left at the traffic lights and then keep straight on. — Would you fill in this form, please? Certainly. — D’you think you could give me a lift? Of course. Get in. — Would you mind waiting a moment? Not at all. — Would you be so kind as to show me the way? Certainly. Negative Requests If we want someone not to do something, we can say: Please don’t ... . eg a. Please don’t tell Barbara, Please don’t shout. Would you mind not ...ing? — more polite. eg Would you mind not talking so loudly? Try not to ... eg Try not to be late. The reply depends on the circumstances. Here are possible replies to the requests given as examples above. eg a. — Please don’t tell Barbara. All right, or: — Don’t worry, I won’t. or: — Of course I won’t. — Would you mind not talking so loudly? I’m sorry. (I didn’t realize we were disturbing you.) — Try not to be late. I won’t, or: I’ll do my best. Additional Illustrative Examples — Please don’t take the texts away. I need them. Of course I won’t. —Try not to miss the train. I’ll do my best. — Would you mind not sitting there? Those seats are reserved. Oh, I’m sorry. I didn’t know. Exercises Exercise 1. Read the illustrative examples in pairs, noting how requests can be made with differing degrees of formality (politeness) and how people respond. Then learn four/five of them and reproduce them with another student in class. Exercise 2. Make requests of varying degrees of politeness.
Exercise 3. Reply immediately to the following requests. Will you help me with my translation? Would you mind changing places with me? Could you cut some bread, please? Would you leave your key at the desk when you go out, please? Do you think you could finish a bit earlier than usual today? Will you lend me this book? Would you be so kind as to give this note to Mr. Brent? Would you please pass me the newspaper? Would you mind leaving your dog outside? Could you find out what time the train leaves, please? Exercise 4. Turn the following commands into polite requests. Close the door, (to a fellow-student) Tell me the time, (to a stranger in the street) Fetch my coat, (to a friend) Switch the light on. (a teacher to a student) Pass the sugar, (to an acquaintance at a party) Put my suitcase up on the rack, (to a fellow-passenger in the train) Put the kettle on. (to your father) Lend me your pen. (to a teacher) Sign this form, (to a tourist) Take the dog for a walk, (to your brother) Wrap this vase carefully, (to a shop assistant) Give me your telephone number, (to a colleague) A fellow-passenger is smoking in a non-smoking compartment. A fellow-student keeps drumming his fingers on the tablev A colleague is closing the window, on a very hot day. A friend seems likely to spill tea on the tablecloth. Two people are talking during a concert, in front of you. A guest is feeding your dog at the table. Someone is pushing in front of you in a queue. A student is combing his/her hair in class. (You are a teacher.) A man throws a paper bag on the grass in a park. (You can use the general word litter here.) A colleague is using your typewriter without asking your permission. Asking Permission (Favours) Here are the most common ways of asking permission to do something: May I...? — formal Can I...? — semi-formal, informal Could I...? — more polite Could I possibly...? — emphasizes that one is asking a favour  | tentative Do you think I coulc 1 wonder if I could... Do you mind if I...? (+ Present Indefinite) — implies that the speaker intends to do what he asks eg Do you mind if I come a bit later? Would you mind if...? (+ Past Subjunctive) — does not imply this eg Would you mind if I came a bit later? is it all right | if I...? \ (for me) to...? To grant permission the following forms are used: (Yes,) certainly.— formal (Yes,) of course.— semi-formal, informal Go ahead.— informal if you like.— often implies an element of reluctance   Not at all. No, that’s all reply to Do/ Would you mind...? Permission may be granted on a certain condition, using: providing... eg— Can I go out tomorrow, doctor? — Yes, providing you wrap up warm. as long as... but only if... To refuse permission we use: (No.) I’m afraid not. (No,) I’m sorry. You can’t. No, of course not. I’d rather you didn’t.— tactful Yes, I would mind, (in reply to Do/Would you mind...?) — abrupt, possibly rude No, it isn’t all right, (in reply to Is it all right if...?) — abrupt, possibly rude Illustrative Examples — May i come in? Yes, certainly. — Can we go now? Yes, of course. — Could I use your telephone, please? Certainly. — Could I possibly borrow your tape-recorder? No, I’m sorry. You can’t. I don’t allow other people to use it. — Do you think you could stay the night? All right. —-I wonder if I could make a suggestion. Go ahead. — D’you mind if I smoke? I’d rather you didn’t. —Would you mind if I came a bit earlier? No, not at all. — Is it all right if I bring the book back next time? Yes, that’s quite all right. —Is it all right if I leave early today? No, it isn’t all right. Exercises Exercise 1. Read the illustrative examples in pairs, noting how permission is asked with different degrees of formality (politeness) and how it is granted or refused. Then learn four/'five of them and reproduce them with another student in class. Exercise 2. Ask permission with varying degrees of formality, using one item from each column.
Exercise 3. Either grant or refuse permission. (A plus sign indicates that permission should be granted, a minus sign — that it should be refused.) May I have another cup of tea? ( + ) Could I borrow this book for a few days? ( — ) Would you mind if I came a bit earlier? (+ ) Can I go now? ( + ) Is it all right for me to have a shower? ( + ) ' May I take the day off tomorrow? ( — ) I wonder if I could come to one of your classes. ( + ) D’you mind if I smoke? ( — ) May I come in? ( + ) Is it all right if I switch the television on? ( + ) Would you mind if I used -your car? ( — ) Exercise 4. Grant permission conditionally, using the words in brackets. Model: A. — Dad, can I take the car tonight? (not cram it with too many of your friends) B. — All right, as long as you don’t cram it with too many of your friends. Do you think I could take the book home? (bring it back by Friday) Would you mind my using your telephone? (not talk for too long) Could I possibly make a long-distance telephone call? (pay for it) May I take the day off on Friday? (finish the work you’re doing now) Can I ask some friends round tomorrow? (clear up afterwards) Is it all right if I bring the children to the concert? (not make a noise) Can I type this letter on your typewriter? (be very careful) Would you mind if I came a bit later than we arranged? (be here by seven) Could we possibly change the time of our class? (be a free room) Is it all right if  smoke? (go onto the balcony) (The person you are to ask is Exersise 5. Ask permission to do the following, given in brackets where necessary.) to borrow a friend’s umbrella; to open the window, in a train (a fellow-passenger); to speak to Mr. Grainger (export manager of a company you deal with) on the telephone; to go to a colleague’s lecture; to retape some music (a friend); to leave a class early (your teacher); to smoke (while visiting a neighbour); to look at someone’s newspaper (a stranger); to bring a friend to a party (another friend); to sit at someone’s table in a restaurant; to give in your translation a day later (your teacher); to try on a dress/suit (a shop assistant). Apologies The basic form of apology is I’m sorry. However, there are several variations which make the apology more or less emphatic. \ |