Разговорные фразы. А О Иванов. Англ. разговорные формулы. (Восстановлен). Английские разговорные формулы допущено Государственным комитетом ссср по народному образованию в качестве учебного пособия для студентов педагогических институтов по специальности Иностранные языки москва
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Let me introduce... I’d like you to meet... This is... Meet... — mainly American It is not always necessary to repeat the names as in the example given at the beginning. In informal situations this is never done. The two people who have been introduced both say: How do you do? — in formal and semi-formal situations; Hallo — in informal and semi-formal situations. Pleased/Glad to meet you is fairly common in America but is generally avoided in Britain by educated people. In formal situations English people sometimes shake hands Avhen introduced, but do not bow. Two phrases often used before introducing someone are: Have you met...? eg Have you met my sister? I don’t think you’ve met... eg I don’t think you’ve met my sister. If you have to introduce yourself, you may say, for example: May I introduce myself? My name’s Victor Petrov. I’m your guide. This is formal style. Less formal is Let me introduce myself. Note that Mr./Mrs./Miss should not be used when introducing ll oneself (but only when addressing other people, or speaking about them). Either the first name and surname are used together, as in the above example, or, in informal situations, simply the first name. eg My name’s Victor, or: I’m Victor. This implies that you expect to be addressed by your first name. When introducing a guest speaker to an audience, one may say, for example: Ladies and Gentlemen, I have great pleasure in introducing Professor Hornby. When two people have been introduced, one of them usually has to start a conversation. One way to do this is to ask a question such as: Is this your first visit to...? Have you been here/to... before? Have you visited/seen...? How do you like/find (our)...? (How) are you enjoying...? Are you finding... interesting/useful? What do you think of...? Are you interested in...? A less direct and therefore more tactful way of asking for information is to make a remark with a question tag (usually pronounced with a rise to show interest). eg a. This is your first visit to Leningrad, isn’t it? You’re interested in ballet, aren’t you? Other remarks which invite a response are, for example: i believe/hear... eg I hear you’re from Manchester. I’ve been told... eg I’ve been told you’re doing research in Soviet literature. I expect/suppose/imagine... eg 1 expect you've already been on a sight-seeing tour. Comments about the weather, especially with a question tag. can also be a convenient way of starting a conversation. eg a. It’s a lovely day. isn’t it? Isn’t this rain awful? Illustrative Dialogues At a Conference (formal) Mr. Cox: Mr. Steel, I’d like to introduce David Ward, a colleague of mine. (To Mr Ward) Mr. Steel, from Bristol University Mr. Ward: How do you do? Mr. Steel: How do you do? Mr. W.: Are you finding the conference interesting? Mr. S.: Yes, there have been some very good papers. I find the discussions very useful, too. At Work (formal) Mr. Pratt: Good morning, Mr. Dawes. How are you? Mr. Dawes: Very well, thank you. How are you? Mr. P.: Fine, thanks. I don’t think you’ve met my secretary. (To his secretary) This is Mr. Dawes. This is Miss Lloyd. Mr. D.: How do you do? Miss Lloyd: How do you do? At the Theatre (formal) Mrs. Briggs: Mrs. Hammond, I’d like you to meet my husband. Mrs. H.: How do you do? Mr. B.: How do you do? Mrs. H.: Are you enjoying the play? Mr. B.: Yes, it’s a very interesting production. At an Exhibition (semi-formal, informal) Mary: Mother, this is my friend Ann. Mrs. Jay: Hallo, Ann. Ann: Hallo, Mrs. Jay. Mrs. J.: What do you think of the exhibition? Ann: It’s even better than I expected. At a Party (informal) Bill: Rosemary, this is my brother Stephen. Rosemary: Hallo, Stephen. Stephen: Hallo. Having a good time? Rosemary: Yes. It’s the best party I’ve been to for ages. A Soviet student in an English home (semi-forma!) Hostess: Mrs. Jones, I’d like to introduce our Soviet friend Mr. Zhukov. Mrs. J.: How do you do? Mr. Z.: How do you do? Mrs. J.: I hear you’ve come to study English. Do you find it difficult? Mr. Z.: Well, I do, rather. It’s quite different from what we learnt in our textbooks. I understand the radio and TV all right, but I don’t always understand people in the street. Mrs. J.: Yes, that’s difficult at first. And how do you find life in England? Mr. Z.: Very interesting. I like it on the whole, although there are some things I find rather strange. Mrs. J.: Don’t worry. You’ll soon get used to it w Exercises Exercise 1. Read the dialogues in parts, noting how people are introduced in various situations and how they start a conversation. Then learn two of them (of different degrees of formality) and reproduce them with another student in class. Exercise 2. Choose the right answer. When you are introduced to someone in a formal situation you say: a. Hallo, b. How do you do? c. Pleased to meet you. When someone says How do you do? you reply: a. How do you do? b. Very well, thank you. c. The same to you. If you do not know whether it is necessary to introduce two people, it is best to ask one of them: a. Are you acquainted? b. Do you know Mr. Brent? c. Have you met Mr. Brent? Exercise 3. Make up sentences using one item from each column. Make sure that all the items in one sentence are of the same degree of formality.
Exercise 4. Introduce the following people a) formally; b) informally: a friend to your mother; a fellow-student to an English visitor (Robert Lord); a guest speaker (Andrew Dent) to his audience; yourself to a group of tourists to whom you are to act as a guide; a friend of your own age to an elderly neighbour (Robert Brown); a colleague (Janet Sutton) to your husband/wife; yourself to a visiting lecturer (Dr. Graham Pegg) after the lecture (you want to ask a question); your sister to a fellow-student; your parents to your English teacher (John Tracey); one guest at your party (Rachel West, aged 25, unmarried) to another (Linda Coleman, aged 30, married). Exercise 5. Start a conversation with another student, using one of the openings on p. 12 (the first word is given here in most cases) and the words suggested. The other student replies. If you can, continue the conversation. Mode!: Is... first visit? A. — Is it/this your first visit to the Soviet Union/Leningrad? 8. — No, I came here two years ago. How... the Russian climate? I... you’re from Scotland. Are.., the concert? Are... opera? I... seen the Moscow Kremlin. What... the exhibition? a beautiful day I... a professional photographer. Have... any other cities in the Soviet Union? How... your stay here? It. rather cold and windy 12. I... you like skiing. Greetings and Inquiries About Health, etc When you already know someone, the following greetings should be used:   Good afternoon — until 5-6 p.m. Good morning — until lunch-time (12-2 p.m.) Good evening — until 10-11 p.m. Remember about the difference in tone. For formal greeting we use the low fall: Good morning *‘*s« . For less formal and warmer greeting we use the low rise: Good morning * — * . The most friendly tone for greeting is the fall-rise: Good morning x Note: Good night is not a greeting but a wish. Good day is hardly ever used nowadays, either as a greeting or on parting. , Morning,/Afternoon/Evening — semi-formal. Used, for example, to neighbours, colleagues and other people whom one sees regularly but does not know well. Hallo — semi-formal, informal Hi — informal, used mainly in America. The name of the person greeted is often added. eg Good morning, Mr. Bond. Hallo, Janet. However, no form of address is generally used when greeting groups of people. Such forms as Good morning, all and Hallo, everybody occur but are rare and not to be recommended.    Roberts. eg Good morning, Mr. How are you? How are you keeping? Greetings are often followed by an inquiry about the other person’s health. The answer may be: (I’m) very/fairly/quite well, thank you. — formal, semi-formal Note that quite and fairly are synonymous here (meaning moderately). But quite is now more common. Fine, thanks. |