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Книга о современных супергероях людях, которые, вопреки тяжелым жизненным обстоятельствам, сумели добиться успеха и стать счастливыми


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НазваниеКнига о современных супергероях людях, которые, вопреки тяжелым жизненным обстоятельствам, сумели добиться успеха и стать счастливыми
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118
Louis Cozolino, The Neuroscience of Human Relationships: Attachment and the Developing Social Brain, 2nd ed. (New York: Norton, 2014), 401–404.

119
Joseph E. LeDoux, The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of
Emotional Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996), 168–169.

120
Гипоталамус выделяет кортикотропин-рилизинг-гормон (КРГ). КРГ, в свою очередь, стимулирует гипофиз, который стимулирует выброс адренокортикотропного гормона
(АКТГ).
АКТГ воздействует на надпочечники, которые, в свою очередь, вырабатывают диэфирин,
норадреналин и кортизол.

121
Joseph E. LeDoux, The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of
Emotional Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996), 206; James L.
McGaugh, «The Amygdala Modulates the Consolidation of Memories of
Emotionally Arousing Experiences», Annual Review of Neuroscience 27
(2004): 1–28; обзоры см. в James L. McGaugh, Memory and Emotion: The
Making of Lasting Memories (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003);
James L. McGaugh, «Memory: A Century of Consolidation», Science 287, no.
5451 (2000): 248–251.

122
См. обзор исследований в области классического условного рефлекса в
James L. McGaugh, «The Amygdala Modulates the Consolidation of Memories of Emotionally Arousing Experiences», Annual Review of Neuroscience 27
(2004): 1–28; James L. McGaugh, Memory and Emotion: The Making of
Lasting Memories (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003); Donald G.
Rainnie and Kerry J. Ressler, «Physiology of the Amygdala: Implications for
PTSD», in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Basic Science and Clinical Practice,
eds. Joseph E. LeDoux, Terrence Keane, and Peter Shiromani (New York:
Humana, 2009), 39–78.

123
Существует теория, что слишком сильный и продолжительный стресс негативно влияет на гиппокамп; Joseph E. LeDoux, The Emotional Brain: The
Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life (New York: Simon and Schuster,
1996), 243–244.

124
James L. McGaugh, Memory and Emotion: The Making of Lasting
Memories (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003), 111.

125
Louis Cozolino, The Neuroscience of Human Relationships: Attachment and the Developing Social Brain, 2nd ed. (New York: Norton, 2014), 403.

126
Joseph E. LeDoux, The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of
Emotional Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996), 145.

127
Eitan D. Schwarz and Janice M. Kowalski, «Malignant Memories: PTSD in
Children and Adults After a School Shooting», Journal of the American
Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 30, no. 6 (1991): 936–944.

128
Bessel A. van der Kolk, Alexander PG. McFarlane, and Lars Weisеth,
Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and
Society (New York: Guilford, 2007), 3–23.

129
Leanne ten Brinke, Stephen Porter, and Alysha Baker, «Darwin the
Detective: Observable Facial Muscle Contractions Reveal Emotional High-
Stakes Lies», Evolution and Human Behavior 33, no. 4 (2012): 411–416.

130
Bessel A. van der Kolk, The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma (New York: Penguin, 2014).

131
Joan B. Kelly and Robert E. Emery, «Children’s Adjustment Following
Divorce: Risk and Resilience Perspectives», Family Relations 52, no. 4 (2003):
352–362.

132
E. Mavis Hetherington and John Kelly, For Better or for Worse: Divorce
Reconsidered (New York: Norton, 2003); Joan B. Kelly and Robert E. Emery,
«Children’s Adjustment Following Divorce: Risk and Resilience Perspectives»,
Family Relations 52, no. 4 (2003): 352–362.

133
William V. Fabricius and Jeff A. Hall, «Young Adults’ Perspectives on
Divorce Living Arrangements», Family Court Review 38, no. 4 (2000): 446–
461.

134
Andre Agassi, Open: An Autobiography (New York: Vintage, 2010), 27.

135
Отчет взят из Lenore Terr, Too Scared to Cry: Psychic Trauma in
Childhood (New York: Basic Books, 2008).

136
Lenore Terr, Too Scared to Cry: Psychic Trauma in Childhood (New York:
Basic Books, 2008), 20.

137
Kristine Erickson, Wayne Drevets, and Jay Schulkin, «Glucocorticoid
Regulation of Diverse Cognitive Functions in Normal and Pathological
Emotional States», Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 27, no. 3 (2003):
233–246.

138
Это называется реакцией «замри»; Jeffrey A. Gray, The Psychology of
Fear and Stress, 2nd ed. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988).

139
Joseph E. LeDoux, The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of
Emotional Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996), 168.

140
Adeen Flinker et al., «Redefining the Role of Broca’s Area in Speech»,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 9 (2015): 2871–2875.

141
Alastair M. Hull, «Neuroimaging Findings in Post-Traumatic Stress
Disorder Systematic Review», British Journal of Psychiatry 181, no. 2(2002):
102–110; Scott L. Rauch et al., «A Symptom Provocation Study of Posttraumatic
Stress Disorder Using Positron Emission Tomography and Script-Driven
Imagery», Archives of General Psychiatry 53, no. 5 (1996): 380–387; Lisa M.
Shin et al., «A Positron Emission Tomographic Study of Symptom Provocation in PTSD», Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 821, no. 1 (1997):
521–523; Lisa M. Shin et al., «Visual Imagery and Perception in Posttraumatic
Stress Disorder: A Positron Emission Tomographic Investigation», Archives of
General Psychiatry 54, no. 3 (1997): 233–241; Bessel A. van der Kolk, «The
Psychobiology and
Psychopharmacology of
PTSD»,
Human
Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 16, no. S1 (2001): S49–S64.

142
Lenore Terr, Too Scared to Cry: Psychic Trauma in Childhood (New York:
Basic Books, 2008).

143
Joseph E. LeDoux, The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of
Emotional Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996), 280.

144
Alison Bechdel, Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic (Boston: Harcourt,
2007), 143.

145
Leigh Gilmore, The Limits of Autobiography: Trauma and Testimony
(Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001), 6.

146
Viktor E. Frankl, Man’s Search for Meaning: An Introduction to
Logotherapy (Boston: Beacon, 2006), 24.

147
Bridget F. Grant, «Estimates of US Children Exposed to Alcohol Abuse and
Dependence in the Family», American Journal of Public Health 90, no. 1 (2000):
112.

148
American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders, 5th ed. (DSM-5; Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Publications, 2013).

149
Christopher Murray and Alan D. Lopez, «Alternative Projections of
Mortality and Disability by Cause 1990–2020: Global Burden of Disease
Study», Lancet 349, no. 9064 (1997): 1498–1504.

150
Robert F. Anda et al., «Adverse Childhood Experiences, Alcoholic Parents,
and Later Risk of Alcoholism and Depression», Psychiatric Services 53, no. 8
(2002): 1001–1009; Shanta R. Dube et al., «Growing Up with Parental Alcohol
Abuse: Exposure to Childhood Abuse, Neglect, and Household Dysfunction»,
Child Abuse and Neglect 25, no. 12 (2001): 1627–1640; Christine Walsh,
Harriet L. MacMillan, and Ellen Jamieson, «The Relationship Between Parental
Substance Abuse and Child Maltreatment: Findings from the Ontario Health
Supplement», Child Abuse and Neglect 27, no. 12 (2003): 1409–1425.

151
Национальный институт проблем злоупотребления алкоголем и алкоголизма, «Alcohol Facts and Statistics», National Institutes of Health, US
Department of Health and Human Services, по состоянию на 14 февраля 2016
года, http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol- consumption/alcohol-facts-and-statistics

152
Shanta R. Dube et al., «Growing Up with Parental Alcohol Abuse:
Exposure to Childhood Abuse, Neglect, and Household Dysfunction», Child
Abuse and Neglect 25, no. 12 (2001): 1627–1640; Robert F. Anda et al.,
«Adverse Childhood Experiences, Alcoholic Parents, and Later Risk of
Alcoholism and Depression», Psychiatric Services 53, no. 8 (2002): 1001–1009.

153
James J. Collins and Pamela Messerschmidt, «Epidemiology of Alcohol-
Related Violence», Alcohol Health Research World 17, no. 2(1993): 93–100;
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and Cygnus Corporation,
Ninth Special Report to the US Congress on Alcohol and Health (Rockville,
MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,
National Institutes of Health, 1997), 97–4017.

154
Ann Laybourn, Jane Brown, and Malcolm Hill, Hurting on the Inside:
Children’s Experiences of Parental Alcohol Misuse (Aldershot, Hants, UK:
Avebury, 1996).

155
Robert F. Anda et al., «Adverse Childhood Experiences, Alcoholic Parents,
and Later Risk of Alcoholism and Depression», Psychiatric Services 53, no.
8(2002): 1001–1009; Shanta R. Dube et al., «Growing Up with Parental Alcohol
Abuse: Exposure to Childhood Abuse, Neglect, and Household Dysfunction»,
Child Abuse and Neglect 25, no. 12 (2001): 1627–1640; Christine Walsh,
Harriet L. MacMillan, and Ellen Jamieson, «The Relationship Between Parental
Substance Abuse and Child Maltreatment: Findings from the Ontario Health
Supplement», Child Abuse and Neglect 27, no. 12(2003): 1409–1425.

156
Mogens Nygaard Christoffersen and Keith Soothill, «The Long-Term
Consequences of Parental Alcohol Abuse: A Cohort Study of Children in
Denmark», Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 25, no. 2 (2003): 107–116;
Shanta R. Dube et al., «Growing Up with Parental Alcohol Abuse: Exposure to
Childhood Abuse, Neglect, and Household Dysfunction», Child Abuse and
Neglect 25, no. 12 (2001): 1627–1640.

157
Robert F. Anda et al., «Adverse Childhood Experiences, Alcoholic Parents,
and Later Risk of Alcoholism and Depression», Psychiatric Services 53, no. 8
(2002): 1001–1009.

158
Richard Berlin and Ruth B. Davis, «Children from Alcoholic Families:
Vulnerability and Resilience», in The Child in Our Times: Studies in the
Development of Resiliency, eds. Timothy F. Dugan and Robert Coles (New
York:
Brunner/Mazel,
1989),
81–105;
Joan
McCord,
«Identifying
Developmental Paradigms Leading to Alcoholism», Journal of Studies on
Alcohol and Drugs 49, no. 4 (1988): 357–362.

159
Alan Cumming, Not My Father’s Son: A Family Memoir (Edinburgh:
Canongate, 2014), 148.

160
Jill M. Hastings and Marion H. Typpo, An Elephant in the Living Room
(Minneapolis: CompCare, 1984).

161
Deborah B. Jacobvitz and Nell F. Bush, «Reconstructions of Family
Relationships: Parent-Child Alliances, Personal Distress, and Self-Esteem»,
Developmental Psychology 32, no. 4 (1996): 732–743.

162
Donald W. Winnicott, «Ego Distortion in Terms of True and False Self
(1960)», in The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment:
Studies in the Theory of Emotional Development, ed. Donald W. Winnicott
(London: Karnac Books, 1965), 140–152.

163
Carl Jung, Memories, Dreams, Reflections (New York: Vintage, 1989), 41.

164
Stephen P. Hinshaw, «Parental Mental Disorder and Children’s Functioning:
Silence and Communication, Stigma and Resilience», Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 33, no. 2 (2004): 400–411.

165
Fyodor Dostoevsky, Notes from the Underground, trans. Constance Garnett,
eds. Charles Guignon and Kevin Aho (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2009).

166
Charles M. Blow, Fire Shut Up in My Bones: A Memoir (Boston: Houghton
Mifflin Harcourt, 2014), 113.

167
Lenore Terr, Too Scared to Cry: Psychic Trauma in Childhood (New York:
Basic Books, 1990), 189–206.

168
Lenore Terr, Too Scared to Cry: Psychic Trauma in Childhood (NewYork:
Basic Books, 1990), 189–206.

169
Lenore Terr, Too Scared to Cry: Psychic Trauma in Childhood (New York:
Basic Books, 1990), 112.

170
Автор цитаты точно неизвестен, обычно эти слова приписывают
Джорджу Карлину.

171
По состоянию на сегодня детей оценивали в возрасте одного, двух, 10,
18, 32 и 40 лет; последующая оценка запланирована на возраст от 50 до 60;
Emmy E. Werner and Ruth S. Smith, Journeys from Childhood to Midlife: Risk,
Resilience, and Recovery (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001).

172
Emmy E. Werner, «Resilience in Development», Current Directions in
Psychological Science 4, no. 3 (1995): 81–85.

173
Emmy E. Werner and Ruth S. Smith, Vulnerable but Invincible: A Study of
Resilient Children and Youth (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1982).

174
Emmy E. Werner and Ruth S. Smith, Journeys from Childhood to Midlife:
Risk, Resilience, and Recovery (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001), 69.

175
Dan Olweus, Aggression in the Schools: Bullies and Whipping Boys
(Oxford, UK: Hemisphere, 1978); Dan Olweus, Shane Jimerson, Susan Swearer,
and Dorothy Espelage, «Understanding and Researching Bullying», in
Handbookof Bullying in Schools: An International Perspective, eds. Shane R.
Jimerson, Susan M. Swearer, and Dorothy L. Espelage (New York: Routledge,
2010), 9–34; см. обзор в отчете CDC: R. Matthew Gladden et al., «Bullying
Surveillance Among Youths: Uniform Definitions for Public Health and
Recommended Data Elements, Version 1.0», Atlanta, GA: National Center for
Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and
US Department of Education (2014), по состоянию на 1 августа 2016 года,
https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/bullying-definitions-final-a.pdf

176
«Student Reports of Bullying and Cyber-Bullying: Results from the 2011
School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey»,
National Center for Education Statistics and Bureau of Justice Statistics, US
Department of Education, Washington, DC (August 2013), по состоянию на 1
августа 2016 года,
http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2013/2013329.pdf

177
Susan Swearer et al., «Assessment of Bullying/Victimization: The Problem of Comparability Across Studies and Across Methods», in Handbook of
Bullying in Schools: An International Perspective, eds. Shane R. Jimerson,
Susan M. Swearer, and Dorothy L. Espelage (New York: Routledge, 2010), 305–
327.

178
Simone Robers, Jana Kemp, and Jennifer Truman, «Indicators of School
Crime and Safety: 2012», Национальный центр статистики в области образования, Министерство просвещения США, Бюро статистики в области правосудия, Управление программи правосудия, Министерство
Юстиции США, Вашингтон (2013), по состоянию на 1 августа 2016 года,
http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2013/2013036.pdf

179
Amanda Lenhart et al., «Teens, Kindness and Cruelty on Social Network
Sites: How American Teens Navigate the New World of ‘Digital Citizenship’»,
Pew Research Center’s Internet and American Life Project, Вашингтон (2011),
обновлено
9 ноября
2011 года,
http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2011/Teens-and-social-media.aspx

180
Jaana Juvonen, Sandra Graham, and Mark A. Schuster, «Bullying Among
Young Adolescents: The Strong, the Weak, and the Troubled», Pediatrics 112,
no. 6 (2003): 1231–1237; Tracy Vaillancourt et al., «The Relationship Between
Power and Bullying Behavior», in Handbook of Bullying in Schools: An
International Perspective, eds. Shane R. Jimerson, Susan M. Swearer, and
Dorothy L. Espelage (New York: Routledge, 2010), 211–222.

181
Nancy G. Guerra, Kirk R. Williams, and Shelly Sadek, «Understanding
Bullying and Victimization During Childhood and Adolescence: A Mixed
Methods Study», Child Development 82, no. 1 (2011): 295–310.

182
Anthony D. Pellegrini et al., «Bullying and Social Status During School
Transitions», in Handbook of Bullying in Schools: An International Perspective,
eds. Shane R. Jimerson, Susan M. Swearer, and Dorothy L. Espelage (New
York: Routledge, 2010), 199–210.

183
Anthony D. Pellegrini et al., «Bullying and Social Status During School
Transitions», in Handbook of Bullying in Schools: An International Perspective,
eds. Shane R. Jimerson, Susan M. Swearer, and Dorothy L. Espelage (New
York: Routledge, 2010), 199–210.

184
Naomi I. Eisenberger, «The Pain of Social Disconnection: Examining the
Shared Neural Underpinnings of Physical and Social Pain», Nature Reviews
Neuroscience 13, no. 6 (2012): 421–434; Naomi I. Eisenberger and Matthew D.
Lieberman, «Why Rejection Hurts: A Common Neural Alarm System for
Physical and Social Pain», Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8, no. 7 (2004): 294–
300; Naomi I. Eisenberger, Matthew D. Lieberman, K. D. Williams, and J. P.
Forgas, «Why It Hurts to Be Left Out: The Neurocognitive Overlap Between
Physical and Social Pain», The Social Outcast: Ostracism, Social Exclusion,
Rejection, and Bullying, eds. Kipling Williams and Joseph Paul Forgas (New
York: Psychology Press, 2005), 109–130.

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