Н. Г. Веселовская английский язык для специальностей землеустройство Иземельный кадастр
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eAssessment of consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe includes two main aspects. The first one is assessment of the situation directly near the nuclear power plant. Though this task is important, the main result is obvious — such high level of radioactivity is deadly both for human health and for the environment. The second aspect is assessment of consequences on huge territories damaged by radioactive pollution to an incomparably lower extent. This task became significantly more difficult. Biodiversity remains on the same level, and some areas have a higher level due to withdrawal of these territories from economic use and elimination of anthropogenic pressure. Even detailed long -term studies of population structure and dynamics of species usually do not reveal significant differences between these territories and the control ones. No significant "splash" of mutations is noticed here as well. These studies can result either in a final conclusion on the lack of danger of such radioactive pollution to wildlife and dismissal of this problem, or a resolution on insufficiency of traditional assessments in revealing the effect. Perhaps, there still is a sense in re-analysing the problem of discovering consequences of radioactive pollution for natural wildlife populations, before a final decision is made. Assessment of biodiversity gives evidence of no disruption of homeostasis of ecosystems and populations under radioactive impact of the Chernobyl catastrophe. The issue of disruption of organism's homeostasis, which can be present before the consequences reveal themselves at higher levels, remains unsolved. Such study presumes assessment of health of the environment, analogous to assessing one's own health. Assessment of health of the environment requires a system of methods to discover changes in the state of a living organism in natural conditions. Experimentally modeled mutagenic impacts cause such effects, which cannot possibly take place in natural population. As an operational approach, a methodology of integral assessment of health of the environment was proposed, called "Biotest". This methodology is based on the versatile description of the state of a living organism in natural conditions by the level of homeostasis. Obtaining a reliable result and possibility to extrapolate the data for characterizing the health of an ecosystem in general is only possible if various objects are used, from plants to mammals. Application of such approach presumes joint effort of a multi-discipline team of various specialists, including morphologists, geneticists, immunologists, physiologists, and biochemists. Text 16. Environmental Protection Our earth is our home. If we want to protect our home we should protect our environment from harmful effect of human activity. There are different kinds of pollution: water, air, land, plastic, noise pollution. All kinds of pollution may be caused by the human activities. Our environment offers an abundance of subject matter of discussion. The problems and prospects of the blue planet are interesting not only for scientists, but politicians, industry, the public — and above all, young people! There is hardly a young person who is not concerned with the preservation of our natural habitation. It's necessary to recognize environmental problems and improve them, to reduce and avoid environmental pollution, to discover and develop ecologically sound technologies. Whether scientists or politicians, bankers or students, whether Greek or Norwegean, Hungarian or Finn, Russian or American ... all are encouraged to make a contribution towards protecting the environment. We are to stop pollution. So, we can grow plants and trees, purify wastes, start compaigns in order to preserve our planet. Today there are many different pressure and interests group in many countries, which try to find solutions to the problems of pollution at the national and international level. They try to pay the public attention to environmental problems, to influence the government decisions. Greenpeace is a very famous group. It started functioning in 1971. Its headquarters are at Amsterdam, but it operates in 25 countries worldwide. The aim of Greenpeace is to protect wildlife from toxic wastes, nuclear tests. "Friends of the Earth" (FoE) is one of the British pressure group with an international reputation. Its general aim is to conserve the planet's resources and reduce pollution. FoE was established in 1971 and now operates in 44 countries worldwide. It compains among other things, for recycling and renewable energy, and the destruction of wildlife and habitation. Every day millions of people all over the world do much to protect our environment, and they need our help. Our debt is to help them, just to make our future better. Don't be a nobody, do something about it .GRAMMAR TESTS Test 1. Articles A the В а С an D -
Test 2. Articles with proper names A the В -
and ... Northern Ireland.
from ... Great Lakes to ... Gulf of Mexico.
10. The main rivers of ... UK are ... Thames, ... Tees, ... Tweed, ... Trend.
Sea.
Test 3. Nouns (plural forms)
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