Аракин. Учебник английского языка для студентов языковых специальностей. Аракин. Учебник английского языка для студентов языковых специал. Практический курс английского языка 4 курс Под редакцией В. Д. Аракина
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10. Note down from the text (p. 6) the sentences containing the phrases and word combinations (p. 11) and translate them into Russian. 11. Complete the following sentences, using the phrases and word combinations: 1. If you are smart enough to cheat in this exam ... . 2. Tick the names off ... .3. I hate swotting up before exams .... 4. Keep an eye open for ... . 5. Young teachers ... mark and grade the papers. 6. The results of the written test will come out ... . 7. ... adopted such an attitude towards people. 8. ... get through. 9. He's just the sort of person ... cut you short. 10. ... rallied her thoughts. 11. The chairperson called out the names of the students who ... . 12. Never raise your voice ... 12. Pair work. Make up and act out situations, using the phrases and word combinations: 1. Imagine that you are sharing your experience in the technique of taking examinations with a freshman. You are not exactly a hardworking student. 2. Imagine you are instructing a young teacher who is to be an invigilator at the written exam. 13. Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases and word combinations: 1. Все уговаривали его воспользоваться шпаргалкой на экзамене, но он твердо стоял на своем в желании сдать экзамен самостоятельно. 2. Деловая Диана просматривала список гостей на прощальный обед и отмечала галочкой тех, кого считала ненужным приглашать. 3. Майк, ты что, много занимался перед экзаменами? Никогда не поверю, что ты способен на это. 4. Следите, пожалуйста, за этим молодым человеком, он вполне способен воспользоваться шпаргалками на экзамене. 5. Обычно требуется неделя, чтобы проверить экзаменационные работы в колледже. 6. Результаты собеседования будут известны через три дня. 7. Дороти сосредоточилась (собралась с мыслями), приняла суровый вид и открыла заседание совета директоров. 8. Ему удалось проскочить на экзамене, хотя времени на зубрежку медицинских терминов ему не хватило. 9. Честер начал было объяснять ситуацию, но Рэй резко оборвал его. 10. Руководитель группы называл имена участников, и они отходили в сторону. 11 . Он никогда не повышал голос на своих подчиненных, но они были готовы выполнить любую его просьбу. 14. Explain what is meant by: 1. Examinations touch off his fighting spirit. 2. A single invigilator sat on a raised platform to keep an eye open for flagrant cheating. 3.... hoping by an incomplete sentence to give the examiners the impression of frustrated brilliance. 4. Confusion breeds confusion and he will come to the end of his interrogation struggling like a cow in a bog. 5. "It's the same idea as talking about passing away and going above instead of plain dying." 15. Answer the following questions and do the given assignments: a) 1. Why does Gordon equate the final examinations with death? How does he define an examination? 2. What is the usual way medical students prepare for examinations? 3. Why were the students so particular to humour Malcolm Maxworth? 4. Describe the procedure of the written examination as presented by the author. 5. In Gordon's opinion why are oral examinations so unpopular with the students? 6. Describe the psychological types fairly commonly seen in viva waiting-rooms. 7. Why were the days after the oral examination black ones for the students? 8. What was Grimsdyke's theory about failing exams? 9. In what way are the examination results usually announced? 10. How did Gordon feel when he learned that he had passed the exams? b) 1. What is the general slant of the story? 2. What imagery is employed by the writer in describing the student's an- ticipating the examinations? 3. By commenting on six cases of simile chosen from the text explain and bring out the effectiveness of this stylistic device in the description of the examinations. 4. Explain and discuss the effectiveness of the allusion "judgement day" for conveying the students' fear of the examinations. 5. How does the author describe the difference between the psychological types of students at the examinations? What makes the description convincing? 6. Show how the writer conveys a sense of futility and despair in the description of the aftereffect of the examination on the students. Bring out the effectiveness of the sustained metaphor in creating the sense of futility Richard had after the examinations. 7. In what way is the atmosphere of growing suspense created? Show its function in conveying the sense of anticipation and excitement which is generated towards the end of the extract. 8. What contrast in mood and atmosphere do you detect between the whole text and the last paragraph? 9. By referring to four examples from the text, comment on the writer's sense of humour. 10. What impressions of Gordon's character do you derive from this passage? 16. Give a summary of the text (p. 6) dividing it into several logical parts. 17. Use the phrases and word combinations and act out the dialogues between: 1. Benskin and Richard Gordon on the technical details of the coming examinations. 2. Richard and his friend discussing the written examinations they've been through. 3. Richard and Grimsdyke discussing the psychological types of students taking examinations. 4. Gordon and his friend in anticipation of the coming examination results. 18. As you read the following paragraph a) try to observe its structure, point out the topic sentence, the details of various kinds, the transitional devices used to move from one example to the other and the paragraph terminator: 1. In the United States any person who completes elementary and secondary school (grades 1 to 12) has a variety of advanced educational opportunities from which to choose. 2. For those people interested in a four year general education in preparation for work or further university study in such professional schools as law, medicine, or dentistry, there are hundreds of liberal arts colleges throughout the country, with widely vary- ing curricula. 3. For those who want a four year technical education in one of the arts or sciences, there are specialized schools in, for example, music or engineering or architecture. 4. For the person who wants to enter the labour force in a particular vocation and with modest preparation in general education, most cities provide two year community colleges. 5. Increasingly important in recent years are technical institutes sponsored by various businesses and industries solely for the training of their own employees. 6. The brief summary of educational opportunities available to high school graduates in the United States suggests that organized learning can continue for several years beyond the basic twelve grades. As you have observed, the plan of the paragraph is the following: the topic sentence (1) states the main idea of the whole paragraph; sentences (2, 3, 4, 5) — example sentences that give details to support the main idea of the topic sentence; the paragraph terminator, or a restatement sentence (6) reaffirms the central idea of the topic sentence. b) Think about the educational opportunities in Russia. Write a paragraph about educational alternatives in Russia for people who have completed their basic education. The paragraph should contain six sentences: a topic sentence, four developers, and a restatement. 19. Write a ten paragraph essay on the Russian and American systems of higher education, specifying the following: admission requirements, students grants and financial aid, academic calendar, courses, political and cultural activities. VOCABULARY EXERCISES 1. Study the essential vocabulary. Give the Russian equivalents for every unit and translate the examples into Russian. 2.Translate the following sentences into Russian: A. 1. "You are making too much fuss of me, don't worry", he said, with a smile, suggestive of annoyance. 2.1 had seldom seen him like this. He seemed, indeed, annoyed with me for having asked this question. 3. He was annoyed at the way she tried to take over the whole meeting. 4.1 want you, Lady Wil- lard, to ascertain for me exactly how much is newspaper chatter, and how much may be said to be founded on facts. 5. The woman kept chattering in and out as she prepared the table. In a nearby tree a squirrel chattered. 6. The noise of old-fashioned computer printers chattering away gave me a headache. 7. Then the fever came on again and his teeth chattered. 8. His friends cheered him on when he was about to give up. 9. No one could help but cheer the verdict "not guilty". 10. "See you tonight then. Cheers!", I said and put down the receiver. 11. You can hear the cheers of the crowd two miles away from the football ground. 12. He gave me a cheery greeting. 13. His cheerful acceptance of responsibility encouraged us all. 14. You could never be unhappy in such a cheerful house. 15. A cheerful fire was burning in the grate. 16. "It's not a wrestling match, not a contest of strength", he said. 17. She contested five of seven titles. 18. There is always a contest between the management and the unions. 19. She's won a lot of dancing contests. 20. The championship is being keenly contested by seven athletes. 21. In tonight's quiz the contestants have come from all over the country to fight for the title of "Superbrain". 22. The contest for leadership of the Party is gathering speed. 23. He became seriously depressed and suicidal, and applied for emergency psychotherapy. 24. She emerged from the sea cold but exhilarated and toweled herself vigorously. 25. The method of this comprehensive study is to highlight the issues that emerged in the 1960s in University life. 26. The President has emerged unseated from the scandal. 27. He seemed to emerge from his reverie. 28. His professional training enabled her to act swiftly arid decisively when faced with an emergency. 29. My wife had to open the tins we kept for an emergency. 30. It has emerged that secret talks were under way between the two companies. B. 1. He wanted to be left alone to go about his business. 2. His new book was going along nicely. 3. The breakfast arrived and he went at it like a starving refugee. 4. I'll try to go by reason as far as possible. I'm sorry, madam, but we have to go by rules. 5. "I think my presentation went down rather well, don't you?" 6. In spite of going down badly with the critics, the film has been a tremendous commercial success. 7. I'd rather not go into that now. 8. Don't sign anything until you have gone over it thoroughly. 9. Go easy on salt, it's bad for your heart. 10. Some jokes go round year after year. 11. Could I have a glass of water to help these pills go down? 12. They were looking for a minute at the soft hinted green in the branches against the sky. 13. Although it was a raw March afternoon, with a hint of fog coming in with the dusk, he had the window wide open. 14.1 coughed politely as she lit a cigarette but she didn't take the hint. 15. There's only a hint of brandy in the sauce, so I don't think it'll make you drunk. 16. This was a large low-ceilinged room, with rattling machines at which men in white shirt sleeves and blue aprons were working. 17. Druet was rattling on boasting about his recent victories and Hurstwood grew more and more resentful. 18. The quiet deliberate fpotsteps approaching my door rattled me/got me rattled. 19. She seemed rattled about my presence/by my question. 20.1 had taken a taxi which rattled down the road. 21. He was left alone except Rachel rattling pots in the kitchen. 22. Reduced to extreme poverty, begging, sometimes going hungry, sometimes sleeping in the parks, Hurstwood admitted to himself the game was up. 23. The Education Department had threatened the headmaster with a reduction in the staff, which meant more work and reduced salaries for the remaining teachers and himself. 24. Every building in the area was reduced to rubble. 25. The captain was reduced to the ranks for his dishonorable action. 26. The contractor had reduced his price from sixty to forty thousand dollars. 27. Mr. Lamb resented these intrusions and reduced them to a minimum. 28. They were reduced to selling the car to pay the phone bill. 29. They have made substantial reductions in the labor costs. 30. By the, end of the interview Martin was reduced to almost speechless anger. 3. Give the equivalents for: досаждать кому-л. до смерти; наскучить, надоедать; было досадно (неприятно); недовольный голос; раздраженный тон; стучать зубами; болтуны; щебетанье птиц; радостные мысли; веселое лицо; веселая комната; яркий, светлый день; бодрое настроение; жизнерадостный человек; приятная беседа; веселье, оживление; возгласы одобрения; поддержка, утешение; аплодисменты; спор, состязание, борьба; международное соревнование; музыкальный конкурс; бороться за каждую пядь земли; соперничать; добиваться избрания в парламент; внезапно появиться; неприкосновенный запас; запасной выход; стоп-кран; крайняя необходимость; критическое положение; вынужденная посадка; чрезвычайные меры; чрезвычайное положение; непредвиденный случай; спасательная шлюпка; чрезвычайные полномочия; расхаживать; продолжать; предшествовать; пересматривать; проанализировать заново; посредник; пасть, быть побежденным; оставаться в веках; быть принятым, одобренным (кем-л.); бросаться, нападать на кого-то; возвращаться к чему-л.; основывать свое мнение на чём-л.; платить (за обед) поровну, (пополам); продать дешево (даром); нравиться (о чем-то); потерять сознание; просмотреть что-л. (бегло ознакомиться); слегка намекнуть; прозрачно намекнуть, намекать на что-л.; грубо намекнуть; быть признаком (надвигающейся грозы); трещать, грохотать, греметь; барабанить (о дожде); болтать, трещать, говорить без умолку; мчаться с грохотом; отбарабанить урок; погремушка; гремучая змея; снижать цены; снижать зарплату; укоротить юбку; уменьшить влияние; довести до крайности; довести до нищеты; довести до минимума; довести до абсурда; сократить военные расходы; сбавить скорость, понижать температуру. 4. Paraphrase the following sentences using the essential vocabulary: 1.The girls talked very quickly without stopping as if unaware of my presence. 2. The sounds of approval of the audience filled the theatre. 3. Don't be sad, I've got good news for you. 4. You shouldn't argue a point or a statemeat trying to show that it is wrong, when you don't rely on facts. 5. Let's rehearse this scene again. 6. How did you happen to find out about it? There wasn't even a slight suggestion of it in his letter. 7. An old cart passed by quickly making a lot of noise. 8. If you don't want to get some lung disease you must give up smoking or cut it to a minimum. 5. Use the essential vocabulary in answering the following questions. Give full answers repeating the words of the question: 1. How would you feel if somebody persistently interrupts your work by repeating the same question over and over again? 2. What do you do to try to raise the spirits of your sad friend? 3. What do you call a happy and contented person? 4. What do people say when soldiers put up a fearless fight not to retreat? 5. What should a pilot do if serious problems with the plane's engine arise midflight? 6. Do you agree that failing health too often accompanies old age? 7. Do students have to examine a deeper level of the writer's words while preparing for the interpretation of the text? 8. What kind of cars usually move noisily and not very quickly? 9. Why did Hurstwood have to start to beg for his living? 6. Mike up and act out short dialogues or stories using the essential vocabulary. 7. Replace the phrases in bold type by suitable phrasal verbs based on the verb "to go": 1. I'll have to examine those papers closely before I can say anything definite. 2. I had the idea of making a raft but couldn't figure out how to start it. 3. The engineers examined the machine carefully trying to establish the cause of trouble. 4. In his report the speaker attacked the hedgers who were forever trying to shift the responsibility onto somebody else. 5. As you get better in English, you'll find it easier to communicate. 6.I hope I can base my judgement of these events on your information. 7. He didn't fulfil his promise to work harder. 8. How did your pupils accept your first lesson? 9. My opinion of him dropped considerably when I found out the truth. 10. Be kind to the dog, he didn't mean to hurt you. 11. I wouldn't dare criticise him to his face. 12. You shouldn't make your feelings so obvious to everyone. 8. Supply the appropriate word chosen from those at the end of the exercise: 1. A lamb ... 2. A mouse ... 3. A pigeon ... 4. A bird ... 5. An owl ... 6. A crow ... 7. A tiger ... 8. A rattlesnake ... 9. A nightingale ... 10. A monkey ... (warbles, rattles, roars, croaks, squeaks, chatters, chirps, hoots, bleats, cooes) 9. Supply the appropriate word chosen from those at the end of the exercise: 1. The brakes ... as the driver brought thecar to a sudden stop. 2. The dry leaves ... in the wind. 3. The hail … on the roof. 4. Old Thomas heard little feet ... down the corridor and then stopping at his door. 5. The clock... twelve. 6. The bells ... mer- rily as the horses drawing the carriage broke into a steady trot. 7. His teeth ... with cold. 8. The air ... as it escaped the punctured tyre. 9. She heard the door ... and sighed in relief. (bang, chime, chatter, patter, jingle, rattle, grate, hiss, rustle) 10. Which words given in brackets denote: 1. a clumsy, awkward person; 2. an offensively inquisitive person; 3. an impudent person who thinks he is clever; 4. a person who doubts everything; 5. a person who discourages hope, enthusiasm or pleasure; 6. a person who's always in the company of others even when he is not wanted (smart alec, doubting Thomas, butter-fingers, wet blanket, Nosy Parker, a hanger-on) |