Метода. методичка.doc. Практикум по устной речи по английскому языку учебное пособие для студентовмедиков
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In the streetForeigner: – Excuse me… Londoner: – Yes, what’s it? F.: – I’m a stranger here and I’m completely lost. Could you please tell me the way to the Paddington Railway Station? L.: – I’m going in that direction myself. So I might show you the way. F.: – Oh, don’t bother… Just explain me the nearest way there, please. L.: – Well, then you must go down this street, and turn right at the second corner. F.: – Can I see the station from there? L.: – Yes, you can. It’s that large three-storied building right across the square. F.: – Thank you so much. I’m sure I’ll find it now. Asking the way Foreigner: – Could you tell me the way to the Paddington Station, please? The underground station, I mean. Passer-by: – Yes, certainly. Go straight along this road, past the traffic lights and the church… F.: – Yes. P.: – And then turn to the right, and keep straight on until you come to more traffic lights… F.: – Yes. P.:– Turn left there, and you’ll see the station a little way along on the right hand side of the road. F.: – I see. I go straight along this road, past the church and the traffic lights. P.: – Yes. F.: – And then I turn to the right, I think you said? P.: – Yes, that’s it. And after that you take the next turning to the left. F.: – Is it very far? P.: – No, not really. It’s about a ten minutes’ walk from here. F.: – Oh, dear. Could I get there by bus? P.: – Yes, but in this case you must go back a little way. Keep on this side of the road until you come to the bus stop. All the buses from there pass the station. F.: – Thank you very much. Задание 4. Составьте диалоги на английском языке по следующим ситуациям: Извинившись, обратитесь к прохожему. Скажите, что вы приезжий, спросите, как проехать к Гайд-парку. Извинившись, спросите у прохожего, можно ли доехать автобусом до вокзала Виктория. Извинившись, спросите у прохожего, сколько займёт времени доехать автобусом до Трафальгарской площади. Извинившись, попросите прохожего указать вам ближайший путь до станции метро. ЗАДАНИЯ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ Выполните лабораторную работу по теме в лингафонном кабинете. Выучите новые слова и выражения по теме. Переведите тексты темы на русский язык. Составьте план пересказа темы на русском языке (используйте графологическую структуру к теме). Подготовьте пересказ и диалог по теме на английском языке. Подготовьтесь к участию в беседе по ситуационным задачам к теме. Тема 5. Еда MEALS Задание 1. Слушайте и запоминайте следующие слова и словосочетания: jam варенье; джем honey мед ham ветчина, окорок sausage колбаса fried eggs яичница porridge (овсяная) каша scrambled eggs омлет, яичница-болтунья break перерыв canteen столовая roast жареный cutlets отбивная котлета abundant обильный dessert десерт beet свёкла mushroom гриб meat мясо vegetables овощи pork свинина veal телятина chop небольшой кусок мяса, отбивная (котлета) chicken цыплёнок meal приём пищи; еда sugar сахар boiled вареный fried жареный marmalade джем, конфитюр; повидло instead of вместо juice сок biscuit сухое печенье poultry домашняя птица carrot морковь bean боб; фасоль pudding пудинг, запеканка cream сливки cabbage капуста ЗАДАНИЕ 2. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Повторяйте за диктором в паузу: MEALS People in different countries have different ideas about what is good to eat and what is the best diet for them. So, we live in a country where breakfast is a very rich meal. We have not only a roll with butter, jam or honey, but ham or sausage and fried eggs or porridge for breakfast. In the morning I have my typical breakfast. It may be a cup of tea with some sandwiches or scrambled eggs with milk. Lunch is not very popular in our country but when we have some breaks at the University called “windows” we have lunch in our University canteen. We may take fried fish, roast meat, cutlets, beefsteak with potatoes and different salads. For dessert we may take compote, tea with lemon, ice-cream or fruit. The main and the most abundant meal of the day is dinner, but as we are students it’s better to call it supper. A full typical dinner consists of soup, a main course and a dessert. My favourite soups are: red beet and mushroom soups. For the main course I usually have some meat or fish, potatoes and vegetables. The most typical meat is a pork or veal chop or chicken. Some other dishes are different kinds of salads. As for the British, there are four meals a day in an English home: breakfast, lunch, tea, and dinner. Breakfast is the first meal of the day. It is at about 8 o'clock in the morning, and consists of porridge with milk and salt or sugar, eggs – boiled or fried, bread and butter with marmalade or jam. Some people like to drink tea, but others prefer coffee. Instead of porridge they may have fruit juice, or they may prefer biscuits. The usual time for lunch is 1 o'clock. This meal starts with soup or fruit juice. Then they have some meat or poultry with potatoes, carrots and beans. Then a pudding comes. Instead of the pudding they may prefer cheese and biscuits. Last of all is coffee – black or white. Some prefer juice or lemonade. Tea is the third meal of the day. It is between 4 or 5 o'clock, the so-called 5 o'clock tea. On the table there is tea, milk or cream, sugar, bread and butter, cakes and jam. Friends and visitors are often present at tea. Dinner is the fourth meal of the day. The usual time is about 7 o'clock, and all the members of the family sit down together. Dinner usually consists of soup, fish or meat with vegetables – potatoes, green beans, carrot and cabbage, sweet pudding, fruit salad, ice-cream or cheese and biscuits. Then after a talk they have black or white coffee. This is the order of meals among English families. But the greater part of the people in the towns and nearly all country-people have dinner in the middle of the day instead of lunch. They have tea a little later – between 5 and 6 o'clock, and then in the evening, before going to bed, they have supper. Exercises Задание 1. Выберите правильный ответ в правой колонке: 1. What do we call a meal-time? 1. One of the several parts of a meal. 2. What do we call a sandwich? 2. Breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper 3. What do we call a course? 3. Two pieces of buttered bread with something between them. 4. What do we call meals? 4. Usual time for taking a meal. 5. What do you say if you want to have 5. I am hungry as a hunter. another cup of tea? 6. What do you say when you are very 6. Pass me the salt, please. hungry? 7. What do you say if there is not enough 7. May I ask you for another cup of salt in the soup? tea? Задание 2. Закончите следующие предложения: Students may have dinner at … . Dinner consists of … . For dessert we may have … . I'm hungry as … . The salt is too far from me, … . May I ask you for…? Задание 3. Начните следующие вопросы с вопросительных слов “why”, “where”, “when”, “who”, “what”, так чтобы они соответствовали предложенному ответу: 1. … do you have dinner? – I have dinner in the canteen. 2. … do you usually have dinner? – I usually have dinner at two o'clock. 3. … do you usually have for dinner? – I usually have chipped potatoes and a cup of coffee. 4. … do you do after dinner? – I go to the reading hall. 5. … do you have dinner in the canteen? – I have no time to go home. 6. … can you have dinner at home? – I can have dinner at home on Sundays. 7. … is coming to the canteen? – I am. Задание 4. Ответьте на следующие вопросы: When do you have breakfast? What do you have for breakfast? When do you have dinner? Where do you have dinner? What do you usually have for dinner? What kind of soup do you prefer? What do you usually have for the main course? What do you like to have for dessert? What kind of vegetables do you like? Do the English keep to their meal times? How many meals a day do the English usually have? What are these meals? What is the usual English breakfast? At what time do the English have lunch? What do they usually have for lunch? Where do they have their lunch? At what time do the English have dinner? What do they usually have for dinner? Текст для аудирования Задание 1. Прослушайте следующие слова, запомните их: get to know узнавать, знакомиться restaurant ресторан occasion случай, событие wedding свадьба anniversary годовщина; юбилей; празднование customer клиент relaxed atmosphere непринужденная обстановка eating out еда вне дома feeling of London ощущение Лондона the Ritz «Риц» (название ресторана) to be in fashion быть в моде Задание 2. Прослушайте текст. Постарайтесь понять его содержание: BRITISH RESTAURANTS When a man and a woman want to get to know each other better, they often go out to a restaurant together. After all, it's easier to talk in a quiet atmosphere with soft music, wine and good food. Most British families go to restaurants only on special occasions, like birthdays or wedding anniversaries. The restaurants' best customers are business people, who meet in them to talk business in a relaxed atmosphere away from the telephone. They can eat what they like because the company pays the bill. For visitors to London, eating out can be fun. But if you want that special feeling of London, go to the Ritz in Piccadilly for tea any afternoon at about half past four. And you'll see that the prices are very high. Then you can try England's favourite food – fish and chips. Take it away and eat where you like — in the park, on the bus or while you walk down the street. British restaurants have not always been famous for their good food. Too often, they offered only fried food and chips with everything. But now healthy food is in fashion. Задание 3. Ответьте на вопросы: Where do the British men and women go when they want to get to know each other better? When do British families go to a restaurant? Why do businessmen prefer to go to restaurants? Do the businessmen pay the bill? Are the British restaurants famous for their food? What do they often offer a customer? What can you tell about the Ritz? What is the Englishmen's favourite food and where can you eat it? Is healthy food in fashion now? Задание 4. Воспроизведите текст на английском языке. Dialogues Задание 1. Прослушайте диалоги. Воспроизведите следующие диалоги в парах: AT DINNER Mother: Glad to see you, Pete. We are going to have dinner. Will you join us? Pete: Thank you, very much. I'm not hungry as I've had a late breakfast. Mother: What did you have for breakfast? Pete: Boiled eggs, a cheese sandwich and a cup of tea. Mother: Dinner is ready. Take your seat, please. For the first course I'll give you cabbage soup. Pete: Oh, it is to my taste. Mother: Help yourself, Pete. Do you want a piece of ham? I think it is tender today. Here is a very nice piece. Pete: Oh, it is so delicious. Thank you very much, Mother. I think I'll help you to wash up the dishes. AT A RESTAURANT Nick: Is this table free, waiter? Waiter: Yes, sir. The menu, please. Nick: Well, Mary, are you hungry? Mary: I'm not very hungry. I think I'll have some meat with vegetables and something for a sweet. Waiter: What do you wish, sir? Nick: Please, give us roast beef, salad, mushrooms, two coffees and ice-cream. Waiter: Will you have anything to drink? Mary: Mineral water and a bottle of wine, please. Nick: What have we to pay, waiter? Waiter: Here is the bill. Nick: Thank you very much. Задание 2. Составьте предложения, пользуясь образцами: 1) A. : - I want some coffee, please. B. : - I haven't got any coffee. Would you like some tea instead? : - Yes, please. I'll have some tea. Используйте слова: tea, milk, lemonade, beer. 2) A. : - Shall I bring you some tea now? B. : - No, bring me some coffee instead. Используйте слова: orange juice, cornflakes, wheat flakes, bacon and eggs, sausages and eggs. 3) A. : - I want some bananas, please. B. : - I haven't got any bananas. Would you like some apples instead? : - Yes, please. I'll have some apples. Используйте слова: plums, oranges, pears, apricots, peaches. Задание 3. Составьте диалог, используя следующие слова и выражения: a menu, what would you like to start with?, will you have …, the main course, let me see…, to hate, I'd rather, for a change I'll start with … and have …, to have the same, what will you have to follow?, can I have the bill? Задание 4. Выучите следующие пословицы: Hungry as a hunter. – Голодный как волк. The fat is in the fire. – Дело уже сделано. The nearer the bone, the sweeter the flesh. – Чем ближе к кости, тем слаще мясо. As the tree, so the fruit. – Яблоко от яблони недалеко падает. ЗАДАНИЯ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ Выполните лабораторную работу по теме в лингафонном кабинете. Выучите новые слова и выражения по теме. Переведите тексты темы на русский язык. Составьте план пересказа темы на русском языке (используйте графологическую структуру к теме). Подготовьте пересказ и диалог по теме на английском языке. Подготовьтесь к участию в беседе по ситуационным задачам к теме. Тема 6. Великобритания GREAT BRITAIN Задание 1. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания. Повторяйте их за диктором. The United Kingdom of Great Соединенное Королевство Britain and Northern Ireland Великобритании и Северной Ирландии the British Isles Британские острова Wales Уэльс Scotland Шотландия Edinburgh Эдинбург Cardiff Кардифф Belfast Белфаст the Strait of Dover Па-де-Кале the English Channel Английский канал (принятое в Великобритании название пролива Ла-Манш) to separate разделять 11. coast побережье the Atlantic Ocean Атлантический океан the Irish Sea Ирландское море surface поверхность the Highlands Северо-шотландское нагорье valley долина the Lowlands Шотландская низменность mountainous гористый plain равнина the Severn р. Северн the Thames р. Темза the Gulf Stream Гольфстрим mild мягкий, умеренный suburb пригород highly developed высокоразвитый producer производитель exporter экспортер machinery машинное оборудование aircraft самолеты navigation судоходство chief главный, основной shipbuilding кораблестроение coal уголь oil нефть wheat пшеница oats овес (обыкновенно pl.) raw materials сырье wool шерсть monarchy монархия law закон the head of the state глава государства queen королева to reign царствовать to rule править chamber палата the Labour Рarty лейбористская партия the Conservative Рarty консервативная партия the Liberal Рarty либеральная партия Задание 2. . Прослушайте текст. Постарайтесь понять его содержание. GREAT BRITAIN The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. It consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast. The North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel separate Great Britain from the continent. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea. The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands. The south has beautiful valleys and plains and is called the Lowlands. There are numerous lakes in Scotland. The north and west of England are mountainous, but all the rest is a vast plain. Mountains are not very high. There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river; the Thames is the deepest, busiest, and most important one. The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Streаm influence the climate of the British Isles. It is mild the whole year round. It is not too hot in summer or too cold in winter. It often rains in England. Snow falls only in the North and West of the country. The U.K. is one of the world's smaller countries. Its population is nearly 60 million people. The population lives mostly in towns and cities and their suburbs. The U.K. is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world's largest producers and exporters of machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding. The main industrial centers are Sheffield, Birmingham and Manchester. The U.K. has some mineral resources. Coal and oil resources are the most important of them. Agriculture is an important sector in economy of the country. The British people grow wheat, fruit, vegetables, and oats. The U.K. buys more goods than sells. It has to import food products and raw materials from many countries of the world. Scotland is famous for its wool industry. The U.K. is a constitutional monarchy. In law, the head of the state is the Queen. In practice, the Queen reigns, but does not rule. The country is ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. There are three main political parties in Great Britain: the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties. There are many universities, colleges, libraries, museums and theatres in the country. The most famous universities are Cambridge University, Oxford University, Glasgow University. London is the capital of Great Britain. Its population is over 10 million. Exercises Задание 1. Ответьте на вопросы по содержанию текста: The U.K. is an island state, isn’t it? Where is it situated? What countries does the U.K. consist of? What are their capitals? What channel separates the British Isles from the European continent? The surface of the British Isles varies very much, doesn’t it? What is the north of Scotland called? What is the south of Scotland called? Are there a lot of long and deep rivers in Great Britain? Why is the climate of the British Isles mild? Is the U.K. a large country? What is the U.K.’s population? The U.K. is a highly developed industrial country. What does it produce and export? The U.K. is a constitutional monarchy. What does it mean? What are the main political parties in Great Britain? What chambers does the English Parliament consist of? Задание 2. Закончите предложения логически, найдя окончание в правом столбце. Переведите на русский язык.
Задание 3. Составьте общий и специальный вопросы к предложениям. Переведите их на русский язык: 1. There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain. 2. The rivers are long. 3. The mountains are not high in Great Britain. 4. Great Britain is very densely populated. 5. It imports a lot of food-stuffs: meat, butter, tea. 6. Great Britain exports motor-cars, aircraft, electrotechnical apparatus and chemicals. 7. Ship-building and motor industry is highly developed. 8. Sheffield is famous for steel and metal goods. 9. Scotland is situated in the north of the country. 10. The British Parliament consists of two chambers. Задание 4. Заполните пропуски необходимыми по смыслу словами. Переведите их на русский язык: 1. The British Isles … … two large islands. 2. The United Kingdom consists of four countries: …, …, …, and … . 3. The North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel … Great Britain from the … . 4. The surface of the British Isles … very much. 5. The south has beautiful … and … and is called … . 6. There are numerous … in Scotland. 7. The north and west of England are … . 8. The climate is … the whole year round. 9. Its … is over 60 million. 10. One of the chief industries of the country is … . |