Голодный_мозг_Как_перехитрить_инстинкты. Стефан Дж. Гийанэй Голодный мозг. Как перехитрить инстинкты, которые заставляют нас переедать
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7. Голодный нейрон 146 «мозг крысы»: J. T. Clark, P. S. Kalra, W. R. Crowley, and S. P. Kalra, Neuropeptide Y and Human Pancreatic Polypeptide Stimulate Feeding Be hav ior in Rats, Endocrinology 115, no. 1 (July 1984): 427–29. 146 «отвечает за чувство голода»: J. D. White and M. Kershaw, Increased Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Expression Following Food Deprivation, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience 1, no. 1 (August 1990): 41–48. 146 «снижается потребление пищи»: M. W. Schwartz, J. L. Marks, A. J. Sipolst, D. G. Baskin, S. C. Woods, S. E. Kahn, et al., Central Insulin Administration Reduces Neuropeptide Y mRNA Expression in the Arcuate Nucleus of Food- Deprived Lean (Fa/Fa) but Not Obese (fa/fa) Zucker Rats, Endocrinology 128, no. 5 (May 1, 1991): 2645–47. 146 с «по сравнению со стройными людьми»: B. Mittendorfer, F. Magkos, E. Fabbrini, B. S. Mohammed, and S. Klein, Relationship Between Body Fat Mass and Free Fatty Acid Kinetics in Men and Women, Obesity (Silver Spring, MD) 17, no. 10 (October 2009): 1872–77. 146 с «обычно так не происходит»: M.-F. Hivert, M.-F. Langlois, and A. C. Carpentier, The Entero-Insular Axis and Adipose Tissue-Related Factors in the Prediction of Weight Gain in Humans, International Journal of Obesity 31, no. 5 (November 28, 2006): 731–42. 148 «EliLilly присвоила себе»: T. W. Stephens, M. Basinski, P. K. Bristow, J. M. Bue- Valleskey, S. G. Burgett, L. Craft, et al., The Role of Neuropeptide Y in the Antiobesity Action of the Obese Gene Product, Nature 377, no. 6549 (October 12, 1995): 530–2. 148 «не настолько престижно, как статься в Science»: M. W. Schwartz, D. G. Baskin, T. R. Bukowski, J. L. Kuijper, D. Foster, G. Lasser, et al., Specifi city of Leptin Action on Elevated Blood Glucose Levels and Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Gene Expression in Ob/ Ob Mice,” Diabetes 45, no. 4 (April 1996): 531–35. 148 «лептиновых рецепторов»: M. W. Schwartz, R. J. Seeley, L. A. Campfield, P. Burn, and D. G. Baskin, Identifi cation of Targets of Leptin Action in Rat Hypothalamus, Journal of Clinical Investigation 98, no. 5 (September 1, 1996): 1101–106. 148 «в мозге, лептин на клеточном уровне обеспечивает контроль»: R. J. Seeley, K. A. Yagaloff, S. L. Fisher, P. Burn, T. E. Thiele, G. van Dijk, et al., Melanocortin Receptors in Leptin Effects, Nature 390, no. 6658 (November 27, 1997): 349. 149 «помещается обычное время»: Y. Aponte, D. Atasoy, and S. M. Sternson, AGRP Neurons Are Suffi cient to Orchestrate Feeding Be hav ior Rapidly and Without Training, Nature Neuroscience 14, no. 3 (March 2011): 351–55. 149 «пока не начинает есть»: J. N. Betley, S. Xu, Z. F. H. Cao, R. Gong, C. J. Magnus, Y. Yu, et al., Neurons for Hunger and Thirst Transmit a Negative- Valence Teaching Signal, Nature 521, no. 7551 (May 14, 2015): 180–85. 150 «как другие здоровые мыши»: Q. Wu, B. B. Whiddon, and R. D. Palmiter, Ablation of Neurons Expressing Agouti- Related Protein, but Not Melanin Concentrating Hormone, in Leptin- Defi cient Mice Restores Metabolic Functions and Fertility, Proceedings of the National Acad emy of Sciences of the United States of Amer i ca 109, no. 8 (February 21, 2012): 3155–60. 150 «влияние на работу этих систем»: S. J. Guyenet and M. W. Schwartz, Regulation of Food Intake, Energy Balance, and Body Fat Mass: Implications for the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Obesity, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 97, no. 3 (March 2012): 745–55. 179 152 «Мышь буквально превращается в марионетку»: Aponte, Atasoy, and Sternson, “AGRP neurons Are Suffi cient; Betley, Xu, Cao, Gong, Magnus, Yu, et al., “Neurons for Hunger and Thirst; Wu, Whiddon, and Palmiter, Ablation of Neurons; M. E. Carter, M. E. Soden, L. S. Zweifel, and R. D. Palmiter, Genetic Identification of a Neural Cir cuit That Suppresses Appetite, Nature 503, no. 7474 (November 7, 2013): 111–14; B. P. Shah, L. Vong, D. P. Olson, S. Koda, M. J. Krashes, C. 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Schur, et al., Hypothalamic Gliosis Associated with High- Fat Diet Feeding Is Reversible in Mice: A Combined Immunohistochemical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study, Endocrinology 155, no. 8 (August 2014): 2858–67. 157 «кишечная микробиота»: P. D. Cani, J. Amar, M. A. Iglesias, M. Poggi, C. Knauf, D. Bastelica, et al., Metabolic Endotoxemia Initiates Obesity and Insulin Re sis tance, Diabetes 56, no. 7 (July 2007): 1761–72. 157 «меньшей степени способствует ожирению»: S. C. Benoit, C. J. Kemp, C. F. Elias, W. Abplanalp, J. P. Herman, S. Migrenne, et al., Palmitic Acid Mediates Hypothalamic Insulin Resistance by Altering PKC-? Subcellular Localization in Rodents, Journal of Clinical Investigation 119, no. 9 (September 1, 2009): 2577–89. 157 с «еще одно последствие»: L. Ozcan, A. S. Ergin, A. Lu, J. Chung, S. Sarkar, D. 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