|
Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов Издание шестое, стереотипное
Упражнение 1. А. Прочитайте следующие словосочетания из текста 5А и постарайтесь догадаться о значении выделенных слов в данном контексте.
the word «electronics» is in general usage
more perfect electronic circuits
billions of operations
what can be regarded as
the still youthful electronic age
В. Подберите к каждому выделенному в А слову или словосочетанию со ответствующее ему по значению.
excellent, exact, accurate
combination of written symbols forming vocabulary of a language
consider
great or long period of time with special characteristics
one thousand million (GB), 109 (US)
Упражнение 2. Прочитайте текст и найдите эквиваленты следующим словам и словосочетаниям:
number
tiny
not likely to change
signal to ring a bell at a fixed (certain) time
divide into two equal parts
watch that is used to time sport events, such as a race, to a fraction (small part) of a second
a place between the hand and the arm
not fast, slowly
smth. that helps smb. to remember, not to forget
start or begin a process
Hertz (Hz)
speed
Digital Watch
In a digital watch the mechanical parts of the traditional me chanical wristwatch have been replaced by a vibrating quartz crys tal to keep time. The vibrating quartz crystal is controlled by minute electronic circuits. One of the advantages of quartz is that it is very stable. The artificial quartz crystals used in digital watches are designed to vibrate up to 32,768 cycles per second when the current from a battery is passed through them.
These vibrations produce electric pulses. As the pulses travel through the electronic circuits of the microchip, their rate is gradu ally halved. The result is a pulse rate of one per second.
Each one-second pulse triggers the microchip to send signals to the liquid crystal display to advance the numerals by one second. The pulses are also used to control different functions. Such a digi tal watch can show the day and date; it can have an alarm and a re minder and can act as a stopwatch with an accuracy of 1/100th second.
Упражнение 3. Прочитайте следующие определения компьютерных тер минов, дайте русские эквиваленты выделенных слов и словосочетаний. Пе реведите предложения.
Hardware means the different types of equipment a com puter consists of.
A computer’s hardware comprises a central processing unit (CPU) which is the heart and brain of the computer.
Input and output devices capable of putting information into a computer and getting it out of it are types of peripheral equip ment. Peripherals are the units connected to the CPU: input de vices, output devices and storage devices.
The simplest and most common type of input device is a key board, containing a typewriter keyboard.
A laser printer is a kind of output device to print information.
Software means the programs needed to operate computer equipment.
These programs are on disks, the hard disks inside the com puter, or floppy disks, or on CD-ROMs, that is, Compact Disk Read Only Memory, which you can put on or store a large amount of information. A disk is a storage device made of flat circular plates with magnetizable surfaces. A hard disk is a disk made from a solid magnetic material and used as a storage device. A floppy disk (also called diskette) is a disk made of flexible plastic material upon which data are stored on magnetic tracks. Tracks are areas marked on the surface of a disk. A disk drive is the electronic mechanism that actually reads what is on a disk. In hard disks, the disk and the drive are built into a single unit.
A word processor is a computer used to write documents, let ters and reports, or the software that is used for this purpose.
Databases are programs, which allow you to store, look at or change a large quantity of information quickly and easily.
Graphics are pictures and symbols a computer program can produce.
An extra copy on a floppy disk is called a back-up copy, a copy of data or software, usually kept in case the original disk is damaged or destroyed.
A bug possible in a computer operation, also a virus is a software problem or error in a program. Debugging means correct ing program errors or bugs.
People send e-mail (electronic mail) messages with the help of the Internet, a system that lets computers connect by telephone lines.
A laptop is a portable computer weighing about 2—4 kg.
With a device called the mouse you can do a number of things by clicking on different icons.
A mouse is a small input device, on the top of which there are one or more buttons for communicating with the computer.
Clicking is a basic mouse action to place a cursor to close a window, etc.
An icon is a small picture representing an object, process or function.
Упражнение 4. Заполните пропуски, образуя общеизвестные компьютер ные термины. Запомните их.
data ...
integrated ... or chip
soft ...
... ROM
hard ...
floppy ...
... disk
input, output ...
super ...
physical ...
... network
mini ...
... copy
fifth ... computer
... processor
e-...
... age
photon ...
... writer
key ...
laser ...
mini ...
Упражнение 5. Заполните таблицу на словообразование.
Verb, Noun
|
Adjective
|
create
|
...
|
|
possessive
|
act
|
...
|
compete
|
competitive
|
attract
|
...
|
...
|
comparative
|
expense
|
...
|
sense
|
...
|
mass
|
...
| Упражнение 6. Назовите прилагательные с суффиксом -ible/-able, озна чающие:
that can be done, can exist, happen;
that cannot be done, cannot exist, happen;
that can be used;
that may be obtained, can be used;
that may be relied on;
that cannot be relied on;
which may be questioned;
which may not be questioned;
absolutely essential.
Упражнение 7. Заполните таблицу на словообразование.
Noun
|
Adjective
|
Adverb
|
...
|
|
questionably
|
availability
|
|
|
capability
|
• • •
|
• • •
|
...
|
usable
|
|
|
|
possibly
|
reliability
|
|
|
quality
|
...
|
...
|
quantity
|
...
|
|
...
|
...
|
intensively
|
indispensability
|
...
|
| |
|
|
Скачать 1.44 Mb.