Учебное пособие Кривцова, Кочетова. Учебное пособие для обучающихся по техническим и экономическим направлениям подготовки бакалавров
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Rostov-on-Don city flag Rostov-On-Don city coat of arms 1. Talk about these questions.
2. Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the text “Rostov-on-Don”. 1. settlement – поселение 2. customs house - таможня 3. trading centre – торговый центр 4. access – доступ 5. to occupy an area – занимать территорию 6. to be situated – располагаться 7. junction – пересечение 8. considerable – значительный 9. volume – объём 10. enterprise – крупное предприятие 11. military glory – военная слава 12. cultural heritage – культурное наследие 13. pace – скорость 14. to consolidate - объединять 15. exhibition hall – выставочный зал 3. Compose the sentences using the above mentioned vocabulary.
4. Read the text and underline or mark the main ideas of this text. Rostov-on-Don In 1749, Rostov-on-Don town was founded with the main purpose to be a customs house. The settlement received its name after Saint Dimitry Rostovsky. The town grew quickly and soon it became the major trading centre of the region. The Don River connected the northern and southern regions of the Russian Empire. Rostov-on-Don city became a major river port. Rostov-on-Don became the capital of the region in 1928. The previous capital of the region was Novocherkassk (Cossack capital). The city was heavily damaged during the World War II. German armies captured Rostov-on-Don twice (in 1941 and 1942). Present time city is one of the centres of the new Russian economic growth. Rostov-on-Don occupies an area of 354 square kilometres and has a population of more than a million people. The city is situated 1226 kilometres from Moscow. It is a junction of many important transportation routes providing the city with an access to three seas – the Black Sea, the Azov Sea and the Caspian Sea – and immediate contact with all the countries of the European part of the CIS, the Middle East and the Mediterranean. An international airport with a capacity of 4.5 billion passengers functions in the city. By 2018, it is planned to construct the Yuzhny (southern) airport - the largest international airport in the South of Russia. Rostov-on-Don is the political, economic and cultural centre of the south of Russia, with considerable industrial, banking, trade and scientific potential. The volumes of industrial production – taking in account only large and medium-sized enterprises – constitutes about 31 billion roubles a year. Almost 50% of the total trade turnover in the region occurs in Rostov. There are over 800 objects of cultural heritage in Rostov-on-Don. Among them are 470 architectural monuments, 55 archaeological monuments and 106 monumental objects of arts and military glory. The historical centre of the city is especially rich in architectural buildings and monuments. The building constructed after architect A.N.Pomerantsev’s design - “City Duma” is unique. The building of M.Gorky Drama theatre refers to the masterpieces of world architecture. Its model is kept in the British Museum in London. Large industrial companies have shown significant interest in Rostov as the capital of the region’s business. These companies include such leaders in the world markets as Samsung, Canon, Panasonic, Philips, Bosch and Siemens. The investments in the construction in Rostov Region constitute about 7 billion roubles every year. The index of the newly built housing per capita is higher than the one in Moscow. By the pace of the newly built housing, Rostov occupies one of the leading positions in the Russian Federation. The project for Free Customs Zone “Southern Gates of Russia” is being implemented. The project is to consolidate the infrastructures of Rostov-on-Don and Rostov Region in order to broaden the export-import of the goods, capitals and services exchange going through the territory of Southern Russia. Rostov-on-Don is a large educational and scientific centre of Russia. It has the third largest university after Moscow and Saint-Petersburg. There are 4 theatres in Rostov-on-Don, the Don State public library (the largest in the south of Russia), S.V.Rakhmaninov conservatoire, and various interesting exhibition halls. The Rostov-on-Don zoo opened about 80 years ago and is one of the largest in Europe. The Botanical garden of Rostov State University is considered to be one of the largest in Russia, and it occupies about 161 hectares. The city is also one of the largest jazz centres in Russia. It has turned into a tradition to conduct art festivals in Rostov-on-Don: “Donskaya vesna (spring)”, “Mini-fest” and international jazz festivals.
5. Answer these questions: 1) When was Rostov-on-Don founded and under what circumstances? 2) What is the total area of the city? 3) What is the population of Rostov-on-Don? 4). What was the previous capital of the region? 5) What is the main point of “Southern Gates of Russia” project? 6) What do you know about the international airport? 7) How many objects of cultural heritage are there in Rostov-on-Don? 8) Tell about the historical centre of Rostov-on-Don. 9) What do you know about the Rostov-on-Don zoo? 10) What are the main art festivals in Rostov? 6. Find the situation in the text where the following expressions are used: Rostov-on-Don town was founded // the previous capital of the region // It is a junction // Rostov-on-Don occupies // the largest international airport // objects of cultural heritage // The project for Free Customs Zone // jazz centres. 7. Work in pairs. Imagine that one of you leaves in England but he (she) travelled to Rostov-on-Don. Your friend wants to know your impressions and asks a lot of questions. (You may talk about history of the city, main sights and cultural life.) 8.At homeprepare a presentation about Rostov-on-Don as if you were a travel agent. Try to advertise the city showing and telling about the best sights to attract tourists.(You may use additional sources of information.) 9. Make up the plan of the text and retell it according to the plan (not less then 100 words).
10. Translate the text “Rostov-on-Don - City of Military Glory” into Russian. Rostov-on-Don - City of Military Glory Peaceful life of Rostov-on-Don was violated by the invasion of Nazi hordes. In October 1941 the first fascist bombs fell on the city. The nearest way to the Caucasus led through Rostov. Rostov was a key city in the plans of the fascist general headquarters. Hitler’s general Kleist wrote: “Rostov is the key to the Caucasus… By turning this key we’ll come as masters through the gateway leading to the oil of Baku and then to India”. That is why the best Nazi troops such as the first tank army and the SS divisions “Viking” and “Adolf Hitler” stormed Rostov. The defenders heroically repelled the aggression. The aggressors occupied Rostov on July, 1942. The fascist invaders shot, tortured to death in a concentration camp, burned alive and killed more than 5 thousand people. On the territory of our region the Nazi aggressors annihilated more than 98 thousand people and 85 thousand people were driven away to Germany for hard labour. Freedom came to Rostov on February 14, 1943. For heroism and courage displayed during the Great Patriotic War about 500 partisans were awarded different orders and medals. For the heroic fight against the enemy, for selfless work during the years of the Great Patriotic War and for heroic deeds in the restoration of the city Rostov was awarded the Order of the Great Patriotic War. Rostov-on-Don It was awarded the honorable title of City of Military Glory. The Don Cossacks’ military service to the homeland has always had a special status. Cossack divisions were in the vanguard of the Russian army in the time of Peter the Great and during the Napoleonic wars. In the summer of 1942, in the space of a few days these soldiers defended the city against enemy forces that outnumbered them five to one. It is important to note that the citizens of Rostov have a special respect for the heroic deeds of the soldiers and officers of the 56th Army. It defended the city for more than a month against the fearsome attacks of the powerful fascist tank corps. The honour guard at the eternal flame that burns in memory of the defenders of the city never sleeps.
Таблица глагола to be в утвердительных предложениях:
Отрицательная форма Чтобы образовать отрицательную форму спряжения данного глагола нужно поставить отрицательную частицу «not» после одной из нужных форм глагола to be. Вот несколько примеров отрицательного предложения:
Вопросительная форма Для образования вопросительной формы нужно поставить соответствующую форму глагола to be в начале предложения:
Compose the sentences using the following to be expressions in different tenses: To be happy /unhappy – быть счастливым/несчастливым To be glad – быть радостным To be hungry/to be full up– быть голодным/сытым To be fond of — любить, увлекаться чем-то To be busy – быть занятым To be late (for) — опаздывать (на) To be in time for – быть вовремя To be present at – присутствовать на (к примеру на уроке) To be absent (from) – отсутствовать To be married – быть женатым / замужем To be single – быть холостым / не замужем To be lucky – быть везучим To be ready (for) — быть готовым (к, например, к уроку) To be afraid (of) – бояться To be interested (in) — интересоваться чем-то To be ill / well — болеть / хорошо себя чувствовать To be angry (with) — сердиться, злиться (на кого-то) 11. Complete what Brenda says about herself in the picture. Use is or are. My name (1) ______ Brenda Foster. I (2) ______ on the left in the picture. I (3) ______ ten years old and I (4) ______ in the fifth form. My birthday (5) _____ on the first of January. I (6) ______ from Santa Monica, California, USA. I (7) ______ American. My phone number (8) ______ 235-456-789. I live at 16 Park Street. My post code (9) ______ LA 30 SM. I’ve got a sister and a brother. Their names (10) ______ Gina and Paul. Gina (11) ______ 16 years old and Paul (12) ______ only three. I’ve also got a dog. His name (13) ______ Spot. He (14) ______ on the right in the picture. My Mum (15) ______ a doctor. She works at a hospital. My Dad (16) ______ a driver. He works in Los Angeles. We (17) ______ all friendly in our family. 12. Insert appropriate present forms of the verb to be. A: Hi, Alex. How (1) _________ you? B: Hello David. I (2) _________ fine and how (3) _________ you doing? A: I (4) _________doing fine. B: How (5) _________ your sister? Where (6) _________she now? A: She (7) _________ in London. She (8) _________learning English there. B: Really? That (9) _________wonderful! How about your parents? A; They (10) _________ fine too. They (11) _________ in Cyprus now. B: (12) _________ you busy tonight? A: Not really, why? B: We (13) _________ having a party. Would you like to come? A: I’d love to. B: Then come to our place at 7:00 p.m. 13. Fill in is, are, He’s, She’s, l’m, They’re. How _____ your mum? — _______ fine, thanks. How _____ your parents? — _____ OK. How _____ you? — _____ very well, thank you. How _____ your uncle? — _____ fine, thanks. How _____ your children? — _____ OK. How _____ Liz? — _____ fine, thanks. How _____ your cousin? — _____ very well, thank you 14. Write in was / were _________ Jenny at the party? _________ Lumpy quiet yesterday? _________ you in Kongo? _________ your parents in the local gym yesterday? _________ your friend at school yesterday? _________ you happy yesterday? _______ your mum tired yesterday? _______ you hungry yesterday evening? _______ it cold yesterday? _______ your teacher sad yesterday? _______ your pet hungry yesterday? Write in was / were The third day _______ Wednesday. The boys _______ in the swimming-pool. Steve _______ the fastest swimmer! On Thursday we _______ at the circus! The bears _______ funny! The fifth day _______ Friday. In the morning we _______ in the zoo. 15. Use the verb to be in the correct tense form. (Present Simple / Past simple / Future Simple) Present Simple Fred _____ thirteen now. «____ you English? «No, l _________. Her name _____ Ann. «______ David a good friend?» «Yes, he _______». __________ these men doctors? «You_______ from Belarus, _________ you?» «Yes, that______right». There__________ a nice lake in the forest. Let’s go! There ________no more questions, _________there? Past Simple «When you ________ a small child, _________ you happy?» «Yes, I ________. I ________ very happy.» They (not) ________ ready for the lesson last Tuesday. The days_________ cold and wet last September. There ________20 pupils in our class last year. Future Simple 17. He ________ 13 years old tomorrow. 18. I ________ back home at 6 o’clock. 19. We __________ at the library at that time. 20. They __________ here at 3 o’clock. 21. They ________ happy to see us. Формы времени глагола to be в обороте there is/there are: Конструкция there is (there are) сообщает о месте нахождения того или иного предмета, лица, информация о которых еще неизвестна. Present Indefinite: there is/there are – есть, находится; Past Indefinite: there was/there were – был, находился; Future Indefinite: there will be (одна форма для мн. и ед. числа) – будет находиться; Present Perfect: there has been/there have been – был, находился; Past Perfect: there had been (одна форма для мн. и ед. числа) — был, находился; Are употребляется, если подлежащее – существительное стоит во множественном числе: Is употребляется, если подлежащее – существительное стоит в единственном числе: There are chairs at the table. – Возле стола стулья. There is a chair at the table. – Возле стола стул. 16. Write in is or are. There _____ two cups of tea on the table. There _____ some milk in the cup. There _____ an orange in the salad. There _____ six balls in the box. There _____ some cheese on the plate. There ______ a blue chair at the door. There _____ five chicks and a hen on the farm. There _____ a table and nine desks in the classroom. There _____ a big window to the left of the door. There _____ three rooms in our country house. _____ there three cups on the coffee-table? ____ there a carpet on the floor? There _____ no cats in the sitting room. There_____ a cat on the table. There_____ 3 dogs in the box There _____4 hens in the house. There _____ a pot on the table. _____ there a bathroom near the kitchen? _____ there four rooms in the house? _____ there a kitchen under your bedroom? 17. Make up sentences, mind the word order (SUBJECT + PREDICATE + OBJECT) 1. pears / there / ten / in the / are / bag / . 2. aren’t / pupils / there / classroom / in the / . 3. an egg / on the / there / plate / is / ? 4. on the / there / a / cat / chair / is / white / . 5. a turtle / on / there / isn’t / farm / this / . 6. at the / two / bikes / door / are / there / . UNIT 2 The Russian Federation
1. Answer the questions:
2. Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the text “The Russian Federation”. 1. Surface – поверхность 2. total area – общая площадь 3. constituent part – составная часть 4. superpower – супердержава 5. Soviet Union – Советский Союз 6. nuclear weapons – ядерное оружие 7. to border on – граничить с 8. variety – разнообразие 9. vegetation – растительность 10. to flow into – впадать 11. legislative power – законодательная власть
3. Read the text and underline or mark the main ideas of this text. The Russian Federation The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about one-seventh of the earth's surface. It covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometers. Russia established worldwide power and influence from the times of the Russian Empire to being the largest and leading constituent of the Soviet Union, the world's first constitutionally socialist state and a recognized superpower, that played a decisive role in the allied victory in World War II. The Soviet era saw some of the greatest technology achievements of the nation, such as the world's first human spaceflight. The Russian Federation was founded following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, but is recognized as the continuing legal personality of the Soviet state. Russia has the world's 12th largest economy by nominal GDP or the seventh largest by purchasing power parity, with the fifth largest nominal military budget. It is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the world's largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, a member of the G8, G20, the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Eurasian Economic Community, the OSCE, and is the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States. On March 24, 2014, the original G7 nations voted to, in effect, suspend Russia from the organization in response to the country’s annexation of Crimea, however, it was made clear that the suspension was temporary. The country is washed by 12 seas of 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. In the south Russia borders on China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west it borders on Norway, Finland, the Baltic States, Byelorussia and Ukraine. It also has a sea-border with the USA. There is hardly a country in the world where such a variety of scenery and vegetation can be found. We have steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There are two great plains in Russia: the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland. There are several mountain chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. The largest mountain chain, the Urals, separates Europe from Asia. There are over two million rivers in Russia. Europe's biggest river, the Volga, flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers — the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena — flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into Pacific Ocean. Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. The world's deepest lake (1600 meters) is Lake Baikal. It is much smaller than the Baltic Sea, but there is much more water in it than in the Baltic Sea. The water in the lake is so clear that if you look down you can count the stones on the bottom. Russia has one-sixth of the world's forests. They are concentrated in the European north of the country, in Siberia and in the Far East. On the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. In the middle of the country the climate is temperate and continental. Russia is very rich in oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources. Russia is a parliamentary republic. The Head of the State is the President. The legislative powers are exercised by the Duma. The capital of Russia is Moscow. It is its largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre. It is one of the oldest Russian cities. At present, the political and economic situation in the country is rather complicated. But in spite of the problems Russia is facing at present, it is one of the leading countries in the world.
4. Answer these questions: 1) What is the total area of the Russian Federation? 2) What is the population of the country? 3) What countries does the Russian Federation border on? 4) Give a sketch on a landscape of the Russian Federation? 5) When was the dissolution of the Soviet Union? 6) What is the largest river of the Russian Federation? 6) What is the largest fresh water body of the Russian federation? 7) Why Russia is called superpower? 5. Match the words in the text with the definitions below.
a) It is a governmental forum of leading advanced economies in the world. b) Gross domestic product. c) The lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia. Its members are referred to as deputies. d) A set of fundamental principles according to which a state or other organization is governed. f) The state on the Eurasian continent that existed between 1922 and 1991. g) This territory stretches southwards from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north-central Kazakhstan and to the national borders of Mongolia and China. 6. Prepare a report about the political structure of the Russian Federation (not less then 50 words). Use additional sources of information. 7. Make up the plan of the text and retell it according to the plan (not less then 100 words).
8. Translate the text “The Great Patriotic War” into Russian. |
