Учебное пособие Кривцова, Кочетова. Учебное пособие для обучающихся по техническим и экономическим направлениям подготовки бакалавров
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Исключения при образовании множественного числа английских существительныхНекоторые существительные по историческим причинам имеют свои собственные способы построения множественного числа: man – men woman – women tooth –teeth foot – feet goose – geese mouse – mice louse – lice child – children ox – oxen brother – brethren (собратья, братия) Для некоторых слов форма единственного числа совпадает с формой множественного: sheep – sheep swine – swine deer – deer grouse – grouse series – series species – species corps – corps 9. Write in plurals (поставьте следующие существительные во множественное число) a. diary – b. sheep – c. book – d. cherry – e. fish – f. baby – g. key h. match – i. bus – j. watch – 10. What are these irregular plurals (напишите во множественном числе существительные исключения) a. woman – b. mouse – c. tooth – d. foot – e. man – f. child – g. goose – h. ox – 11. Write in singular (поставьте следующие существительные в единственное число) a. glasses – b. potatoes – c. forget-me-nots – d. crises – e. stimuli – f. foxes – g. brushes – h. brothers-in-law – i. phenomena – j. formulae – 12. Find ten plural words (найдите 10 слов во множественном числе)
Much, many Местоимения much [mʌtʃ], many ['menɪ] (много) могут выполнять функцию определителя к существительному или употребляться вместо существительного. Much употребляется только с неисчисляемыми существительными или вместо неисчисляемых существительных:
Местоимение many употребляется только с исчисляемыми существительными или вместо исчисляемых существительных:
Few, a few, little, a little Few и a few употребляются исключительно с исчисляемыми существительными, little и a little – с неисчисляемыми. Few и little означают ‘мало’, то есть недостаточно. A few и a little – ‘немного’, но достаточно. Таким образом, получаем: Few + исчисляемое существительное = мало …, недостаточно … A few + исчисляемое существительное = несколько …., достаточно …. Little + неисчисляемое существительное = мало …, недостаточно … A little + неисчисляемое существительное = немного …., достаточно …. Few hours– мало часов Few friends– мало друзей Few cars– мало машин A few apples– несколько яблок A few chairs– несколько табуреток A few men – несколько человек Little honey – мало меда Little sugar – мало сахара Little love – мало любви A little water – немного воды A little warmth – немного тепла A little time – немного времени 13. Translate into English. Много тетрадей, много молока, много воды, много дней, много газет, много мела, много снега, много лет, много картин, много музыки, много мальчиков, много девочек, много чая, много лимонов, много мяса, много комнат, много учителей, много работы, много воздуха, много птиц, много машин. 14. Insert much or many. 1. I don’t eat ... mangoes. 2. Не does not eat ... fish. 3. She ate so ... dessert that she is in bed today with a stomachache. 4. That man drank so ... wine, and he smoked so ... cigarettes that he has a terrible headache today. 5. Маrу must not eat too ... food because she has a weight problem. 6. My mot he says I eat too ... French fries and drink too ... beer She wants me to be healthy. 7. There is not too .. space in my flat. 8. There are not ... pictures in this room. 9. There are so ... teachers at our school, but not... of them are men. 10. Not... of these books are new. 11. Thanks awfully for the books you sent m yesterday. — Don’t mention it, it wasn’t ... bother. 12. ... of her advice was not useful at all. 13. He ha got so ...pairs of socks. 14. Please don’t put ... pep per on the meat. 15. There were too ... plates on the table. 16.1 never eat... bread with soup. 17. Why did you eat so ... ice cream? 18. She wrote us not very ... letters from the country. 19. ... of these student don’t like to look up words in the dictionary. 20. E you drink ... coffee? — Yes, a lot. Do you watch TV ...? — No, not... . 21. Not... of the answers were correct. 22. How ... money did you spend last Friday 23. The students enjoyed the concert very... . 15. Translate into English the following pairs of words. Мало домов, мало чая, мало чашек, мало яблок, мало окон, мало бумаги, мало кофе, мало статей, мало радости, мало супу, мало деревьев, мало травы, мало детей, мало игрушек, мало света, мало парт, мало колбасы, мало сока, мало книг, мало цветов, мало соли, мало друзей, мало дворцов. 16. Fill in little or few. 1. He has got ... friends. 2. I drink ... coffee. I don’t like it. 3. We must hurry. We’ve got very ... time. 4. This university offers very ... scholar ships. 5. The Smiths have ... money. They aren’t rich. 6. The theatre was almost empty. There were very ... people there. 7. There was ... lemonade in the bottle. There were ... peaches in the basket. 8. I have ... time, so I can’t go with you.9. He has ... English books. 10. There is ... juice in my glass. Have you got any juice? 11. There are ... bears in the zoo. 12. Tom Canty was the son of poor parents and had very ... clothes. 13. There is too ... soup in my soup plate. Give me some more, please. 14.The children returned from the wood very sad because they had found very ... mushrooms. 15. There was too ... light in the room, and I could not read. 16. There are very ... people who don’t know that the Earth is round. 17.1 made very ... progress on this assignment. 18. There is very ... hope of getting financial support for the research project. 19. Fortunately, very ... passengers were injured in a traffic accident. 17. Fill in much, many, little or few. 1. Robert wrote so ... letters that he’s never going to write a letter again. 2. She ate so ... ice cream that she’s going to have a sore throat. 3. His father didn’t earn ... money, but he enjoyed his job. He loved teaching English very ... . 4. There are ... cookies in the box. I should have bought them last Monday. 5. Does your sister read ... ? — Yes, she does. And your brother? — Oh, he doesn’t. He has so ... books, but he reads very ... . 6. Do you have ... work to d today? — No, not very ... . 7. Walk quicker, please We have very ... time. 8. I am sorry to say, I have read very ... books by Walter Scott. 9. My brother is a young teacher. Everyday he spends too ... time preparing for his lessons. 10. I know very ... about this writer. I is the first book I am reading. 11. The pupils of our class ask so ... questions at the lesson. They want t know everything. 12. You do not make ... mistakes ' your spelling. Do you work hard on it? — Oh, yes, I do I work very ... . 13. He is lazy. He’s done very ... today. 14. Very ... people can afford to own a plane. 15.The is ... traffic on the roads this morning. I’m so glad. 18. Translate into English the following pairs of words. Немного денег, мало денег, несколько стульев, мало стульев, несколько песен, мало песен, немного веселья, мало веселья, мало мальчиков, немного воды, несколько человек, мало воды, мало воздуха, мало столов, несколько минут, несколько кошек, мало травы, немного удачи, несколько дней, мало работы, немного соли, несколько ложек, мало света, мало окон, несколько машин, немного сахару, мало яиц, мало сыра. 19. Fill in a little or a few. 1. There is ... milk in the bottle. 2. There are ... pears in the fruit bowl. 3. There is ... fruit salad in the salad bowl. 4. There are ... tomatoes on the kitchen table. Make a salad! Add ... drops of olive oil and ... salt to the salad. 5. Put ... cups of flour into a mixing bowl. 6. Slice ... apples. 7. Add ... sugar. 8. Cut up ... oranges. 9. Chop up ... nuts. 10. Pour in ... honey. 11. Mix in ... raisins. 12. Add ... baking soda. 13. Add ... eggs, ... vanilla and ... almonds and beat thoroughly. 14. Bake until brown and the fruitcake will be ready in ... minutes. Enjoy, dear! 15. This young man knows ... Russian. 16. Can’t you stay ... longer and help me with my exam? 17. He’s already been to the USA ... times. 18. Do you mind if I ask you ... questions? — Yes, please. I’ve got... time now and I can talk to you. 19. John has got only ... close friends and they meet quite often. 20. They had ... money left, so they could go shopping. 21. I always come on time or early, but she is always ... late. 20. Fill in little, a little, few or a few. 1. There is ... salad left in this bowl. 2. Would you like ... salad? — Yes, thank you. My doctor says it’s good for my health. 3.1 have ... money, so we can go to the cinema. 4. I have ... money, so we cannot go to the cinema. 5. This girl works very ..., that’s why she knows nothing. 6. Mother gave us ... apples, and we were glad. 7. He did not like it at the camp: he had very ... friends there. 8. This lemon drink is sour; if you put ... sugar in it, it will be sweeter. 9. This lemon drink is sour; if you put ... lumps of sugar in it, it will be sweeter. 10. The hall was almost empty: there were very ... people in it. 11. I can’t buy this expensive hat today: I have too ... money. 12. She left and returned in ... minutes. 13.1 think you can spare me ... time now. 14. I am sorry I have seen ... plays by this author. 21. Fill in much, many, little, few, a little or a few. 1. When we walked ... farther down the road, we met another group of students. 2. Have you got ... money on you? — I’m sorry. I have very ... money at the moment. 3. At the conference we met ... people whom we knew well. 4. There are very ... old houses left in our street. Most of them have already been pulled down. 5. If you have ... spare time, look through this book. You will find ... stories there which are rather interesting. 6. There are ... things here which I cannot understand. 7. Shall I bring ... more chalk? — No, thank you. There is ... chalk on the desk. I hope that will be enough for our lesson. 8. He had ... English books at home, so he had to go to the library for more books-. 9. She gave him ... water to wash his hands and face. 10. I’d like to say ... words about my journey. 11. After the play everybody felt... tired. 12. Let’s stay here ... longer: it is such a nice place. 13. Were there ... new words in the text? Did Peter spend ... time learning them? 14. There was not ... hay in the barn, and the children could play there. 15. My friend is going to the concert this evening because he hasn’t got... work to do. 16. My mother knows German ... and she can help you with the translation of this letter. 17. He’s got very ... time left. If he doesn’t hurry up, he’ll miss the plane. 18.I have very ... drinking water left. Начало формы Конец формы UNIT 3 MOSCOW
1. Answer the following questions. What is depicted in the flag and coat of arms? What do you see in this picture? Describe it. 
2. Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the text “Moscow”. 1. prominent – выдающийся 2. densely populated – густозаселенный 3. to be situated – располагаться 4. unique – уникальный 5. Government – правительство 6. chamber – палата 7. retreat – отступать 8. outskirts – окраина 9. siege – осада 10. ancient – древний 11. annihilated - уничтоженный 12. volunteer – доброволец 13. expressive – выразительный 14. involvement – вмешательство 15. unemployment rate – уровень безработицы
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